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  • 1
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A non-linear three-compartment model is proposed to describe a new strategy for the administration of 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) in the treatment of HIV infections. The drug is injected after having been encapsulated in a non-diffusible form (ddCMP) into erythrocytes. Nummerical solutions show that by this treatment the highest ddCyd blood concentration is strongly reduced and in turn its toxicity, while long-lasting therapeutic effect is assured. The model is compared with experimental data in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Molecular nanomagnets, besides promising to open new frontiers in technology, have attracted huge interest in the scientific community because they can exhibit the phenomenon known as quantum tunnelling of the magnetization, i.e. coherent fluctuations of the direction of the total spin vector. In this paper we study a different quantum phenomenon involving fluctuations of the magnitude of the total spin vector. These fluctuations are related to the mixing between states with different spin quantum number, and imply new macroscopic effects, which we theoretically investigated in the Mn-[ $\mathsf{3\times3}$ grid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 29 (2002), S. 79-84 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 71.70.Ch Crystal and ligand fields – 78.30.Am Elemental semiconductors and insulators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The experimental values of the energy levels of Er3+, Dy3+, and Nd3+ in BaY2F8 were fitted to a single-ion Hamiltonian containing free-ion and crystal-field interactions. The crystal-field parameters so evaluated were then analyzed by using Newman's Superposition Model. The agreement between the two sets of parameters is good, provided a possible distortion of the F- polyhedron around the rare-earth site is taken into account. The effects of a possible displacement of the rare-earth ion substituting for Y3+ are also evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Decisions in economics and finance 16 (1993), S. 73-86 
    ISSN: 1129-6569
    Keywords: project analysis ; linear programming ; internal financial law (IFL) ; financial leverage ; discounted cash-flows (DCF) decomposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si definisce un modello generale (PAULA) per la valutazione, selezione e gestione ottimale di progetti certi alternativi. Sfruttando i risvolti formali e finanziari dei problemi lineari associati (diretto e duale), si formulano poi due proposte per definire una legge finanziaria interna (IFL) ottimale, utili sia per abbattere la molteplicità intrinseca delleIFL, sia per evitare risultati economicamente arbitrari nel loro uso.
    Notes: Abstract We define a general model (called PAULA) for the valuation, optimal management and selection among mutually exclusive safe projects. By exploiting the formal and financial features of the associated linear problems (primal and dual), we put forward two proposals to define an optimal internal financial law (IFL). They may be used to reduce the multiplicity of the IFLs and to avoid economically arbitrary outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of science 4 (1999), S. 133-153 
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Keywords: conceptual change ; negation ; falsification ; conventionalism ; diagnostic reasoning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract There has been little research into the weak kindsof negating hypotheses. Hypotheses may be unfalsifiable. In this case it is impossible tofind a contradiction in some area of the conceptualsystems in which they are incorporated.Notwithstanding this fact, it is sometimes necessaryto construct ways of rejecting the unfalsifiablehypothesis at hand by resorting to some external forms of negation, external because wewant to avoid any arbitrary and subjectiveelimination, which would be rationally orepistemologically unjustified. I will consider akind of ``weak'' (unfalsifiable) hypotheses that arehard to negate and the ways for making it easy. Inthese cases the subject can ``rationally'' decide towithdraw his hypotheses even in contexts where it is``impossible'' to find ``explicit'' contradictions: theuse of negation as failure (an interestingtechnique for negating hypotheses and accessing newones suggested by artificial intelligence) isilluminating. I plan to explore whether this kind ofnegation can be employed to model hypothesiswithdrawal in Poincaré's conventionalism of theprinciples of physics and in Freudian analyticreasoning.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of science 5 (2000), S. 121-127 
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 20 (1978), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chlordane and heptachlor at 50 gmg/1 reduced cell density, chlorophylla per unit volume of culture,14C uptake per cell and carbon fixation per unit of chlorophylla in the marine dinoflagellateExuviella baltica Lohmann. The concentration of chlorophylla per cell was not reduced, however, by treatment with either compound. Chlordane was more toxic than heptachlor at this concentration, and caused the disintegration of many cells, thus affecting particle size distribution in the cultures. In nature, such an inhibition and shift in size class distribution could affect the availability of food for particle-feeding herbivores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 15 (1996), S. 53-65 
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Simulation ; DAE systems ; friction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with simulation of mechanical systems affected by discontinuous phenomena. These phenomena involve impulsive events and/or models whose structure changes depending on the values of some system variables. The models of three kinds of these discontinuities (joint with static friction, collisions with rigid environment, bifurcation behavior near kinematic singularities) are given, and a simulation environment, based on the DAE solver DASSL is presented, that also allows efficient simulation of sample-data systems. Some simulation results achieved with the proposed environment are finally presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Aleppo pine ; Climate change ; Water stress ; Cavitation ; Transpiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The present study was carried out to elucidate the response mechanisms of 50-year-old Pinus halepensis Mill. trees to a long-term and severe drought. The amount of water available to trees was artificially restricted for 12 months by covering the soil with a plastic roof. Over the short term a direct and rapid impact of drought was evident on the water relations and gas exchanges of trees: as the soil dried out in the Spring, there was a concurrent decrease of predawn water potential; transpiration was strongly reduced by stomatal closure. Seasonal changes in the water volume fractions of twig and stem xylem were observed and interpreted as the result of cavitation and refilling in the xylem. When droughted trees recovered to a more favourable water status, refilling of embolized xylem was observed; twig predawn water potentials were still negative in the period when the embolism was reversed in the twig xylem. A few months after the removal of the covering, no differences in whole plant hydraulic resistance were observed between droughted and control trees. Needle and shoot elongation and stem radial growth were considerably reduced in droughted trees; no strategy of trees to allocate carbon preferentially to the stem conducting tissues was apparent throughout the experiment. An after-effect of the drought on growth was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 8 (1946), S. 1-42 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The frequency of the earthquakes in Albania is a sign of the general instability of this territory. The progress of the geological knowledge in Albania gives to make a tectonic synthesis; the results are compared with the seismic characters. The seismology of the region is essentially bonded to the tectonics; in the South-Albania by consequence specially of tectonic settlements, in the North by tangential movements, while probably in the costal plain are continuous movements of emersion. In appendix are given list of earthquales and description of the geological situation of the towns and greatest villages, also in account of the buildings.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Erdbebentätigkeit in Albanien stellt ein scharfe Zeichen der allgemeinen Unbeständigkeit dieser Teil des Adria-Beckens dar. Da die Fortschritte unserer geologischen Kentnisse eine tektonische Synthese erlauben, werden die betreffenden Ergebnisse mit den seismischen Eigentümlichkeiten verglichen. Aus der Erörterung folgt wie die Seismizität der Gegend von den tektonischen Verhätnisse abhängt, nämlich in der Weise, dass in Süd-Albanien als eine Folge der Setzungsbewegungen zu betrachten ist, während in Nord-Albanien mit den Tangential-Bewegungen verknüpft sein soll. An der Küste verschiedene Anzeige lassen stetige Hebungsbewegungen vermuten. Am Schluss folgt ein Verzeichnis der wichtigsten Erdbeben, sowie Angabe über die geologische Lage der Städte und grossen Dörfer im Verhältnis mit der konstruktiven Eigentümlichkeiten der Gebäude.
    Notes: Riassunto La frequenza dei terremoti in Albania à altamente significativa di una generale instabilità di quella parte del territorio adriatico. Permettendo ora i progressi della conoscenza geologica del territorio albanese di tentare una sintesi tettonica, i risultati di questa vengono messi a confronto con i caratteri sismici della regione. Dalla discussione di tutti gli elementi attualmente noti si espone come la sismicità della regione, dipendendo in linea generale dalle condizioni tettoniche, si manifesta nelle regioni meridionali come conseguenza specialmente di movimenti di assestamento, mentre nelle settentrionali para ancora in collegamento con i moti tangenziali; nella regione costiera diversi indizi farebbero ritenere probabile dei continuati moti di emersione. Seguono un elenco dei principali terremoti avvenuti nella regione ed alcuni dati sulla posizione geologica dei centri abitati e sulle caratteristiche costruttive degli edifici.
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