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  • 1
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    Single-cell transcriptomes from human kidneys reveal the cellular identity of renal tumors (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10
    Beschreibung: Messenger RNA encodes cellular function and phenotype. In the context of human cancer, it defines the identities of malignant cells and the diversity of tumor tissue. We studied 72,501 single-cell transcriptomes of human renal tumors and normal tissue from fetal, pediatric, and adult kidneys. We matched childhood Wilms tumor with specific fetal cell types, thus providing evidence for the hypothesis that Wilms tumor cells are aberrant fetal cells. In adult renal cell carcinoma, we identified a canonical cancer transcriptome that matched a little-known subtype of proximal convoluted tubular cell. Analyses of the tumor composition defined cancer-associated normal cells and delineated a complex vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling circuit. Our findings reveal the precise cellular identities and compositions of human kidney tumors.
    Schlagwort(e): Development, Medicine, Diseases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Human amygdala responsivity to masked fearful eye whites (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-18
    Beschreibung: The amygdala was more responsive to fearful (larger) eye whites than to happy (smaller) eye whites presented in a masking paradigm that mitigated subjects' awareness of their presence and aberrant nature. These data demonstrate that the amygdala is responsive to elements of.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, Paul J -- Kagan, Jerome -- Cook, Robert G -- Davis, F Caroline -- Kim, Hackjin -- Polis, Sara -- McLaren, Donald G -- Somerville, Leah H -- McLean, Ashly A -- Maxwell, Jeffrey S -- Johnstone, Tom -- 01866/PHS HHS/ -- 069315/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2061.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, W. M. Keck Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. pwhalen@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Amygdala/*physiology ; *Facial Expression ; *Fear ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Perceptual Masking ; *Sclera
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Cooperative formation of inorganic-organic interfaces in the synthesis of silicate mesostructures (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-09-03
    Beschreibung: A model is presented to explain the formation and morphologies of surfactant-silicate mesostructures. Three processes are identified: multidentate binding of silicate oligomers to the cationic surfactant, preferential silicate polymerization in the interface region, and charge density matching between the surfactant and the silicate. The model explains present experimental data, including the transformation between lamellar and hexagonal mesophases, and provides a guide for predicting conditions that favor the formation of lamellar, hexagonal, or cubic mesostructures. Model Q(230) proposed by Mariani and his co-workers satisfactorily fits the x-ray data collected on the cubic mesostructure material. This model suggests that the silicate polymer forms a unique infinite silicate sheet sitting on the gyroid minimal surface and separating the surfactant molecules into two disconnected volumes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monnier, A -- Schuth, F -- Huo, Q -- Kumar, D -- Margolese, D -- Maxwell, R S -- Stucky, G D -- Krishnamurty, M -- Petroff, P -- Firouzi, A -- Janicke, M -- Chmelka, B F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 3;261(5126):1299-303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17731857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Dok-7 mutations underlie a neuromuscular junction synaptopathy (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-19
    Beschreibung: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. One major subgroup of patients shows a characteristic "limb girdle" pattern of muscle weakness, in which the muscles have small, simplified neuromuscular junctions but normal acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholinesterase function. We showed that recessive inheritance of mutations in Dok-7, which result in a defective structure of the neuromuscular junction, is a cause of CMS with proximal muscle weakness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beeson, David -- Higuchi, Osamu -- Palace, Jackie -- Cossins, Judy -- Spearman, Hayley -- Maxwell, Susan -- Newsom-Davis, John -- Burke, Georgina -- Fawcett, Peter -- Motomura, Masakatsu -- Muller, Juliane S -- Lochmuller, Hanns -- Slater, Clarke -- Vincent, Angela -- Yamanashi, Yuji -- G117/490/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1975-8. Epub 2006 Aug 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. dbeeson@hammer.imm.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Frameshift Mutation ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Muscle Weakness/physiopathology ; Mutation ; Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism/physiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    A dimeric structure for archaeal box C/D small ribonucleoproteins (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-12
    Beschreibung: Methylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is required for optimal protein synthesis. Multiple 2'-O-ribose methylations are carried out by box C/D guide ribonucleoproteins [small ribonucleoproteins (sRNPs) and small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNPs)], which are conserved from archaea to eukaryotes. Methylation is dictated by base pairing between the specific guide RNA component of the sRNP or snoRNP and the target rRNA. We determined the structure of a reconstituted and catalytically active box C/D sRNP from the archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii by single-particle electron microscopy. We found that archaeal box C/D sRNPs unexpectedly formed a dimeric structure with an alternative organization of their RNA and protein components that challenges the conventional view of their architecture. Mutational analysis demonstrated that this di-sRNP structure was relevant for the enzymatic function of archaeal box C/D sRNPs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2975540/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2975540/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bleichert, Franziska -- Gagnon, Keith T -- Brown, Bernard A 2nd -- Maxwell, E Stuart -- Leschziner, Andres E -- Unger, Vinzenz M -- Baserga, Susan J -- R01 GM052581/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM052581-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM52581/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM69699/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR19895/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 11;325(5946):1384-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1176099.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19745151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Archaeal Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*chemistry ; Methanococcales/*chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Archaeal/*chemistry/ultrastructure ; Ribonucleoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Response (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    One-third of global protected land is under intense human pressure (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-18
    Beschreibung: In an era of massive biodiversity loss, the greatest conservation success story has been the growth of protected land globally. Protected areas are the primary defense against biodiversity loss, but extensive human activity within their boundaries can undermine this. Using the most comprehensive global map of human pressure, we show that 6 million square kilometers (32.8%) of protected land is under intense human pressure. For protected areas designated before the Convention on Biological Diversity was ratified in 1992, 55% have since experienced human pressure increases. These increases were lowest in large, strict protected areas, showing that they are potentially effective, at least in some nations. Transparent reporting on human pressure within protected areas is now critical, as are global targets aimed at efforts required to halt biodiversity loss.
    Schlagwort(e): Ecology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    A dynamic ocean management tool to reduce bycatch and support sustainable fisheries (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-31
    Beschreibung: Seafood is an essential source of protein for more than 3 billion people worldwide, yet bycatch of threatened species in capture fisheries remains a major impediment to fisheries sustainability. Management measures designed to reduce bycatch often result in significant economic losses and even fisheries closures. Static spatial management approaches can also be rendered ineffective by environmental variability and climate change, as productive habitats shift and introduce new interactions between human activities and protected species. We introduce a new multispecies and dynamic approach that uses daily satellite data to track ocean features and aligns scales of management, species movement, and fisheries. To accomplish this, we create species distribution models for one target species and three bycatch-sensitive species using both satellite telemetry and fisheries observer data. We then integrate species-specific probabilities of occurrence into a single predictive surface, weighing the contribution of each species by management concern. We find that dynamic closures could be 2 to 10 times smaller than existing static closures while still providing adequate protection of endangered nontarget species. Our results highlight the opportunity to implement near real-time management strategies that would both support economically viable fisheries and meet mandated conservation objectives in the face of changing ocean conditions. With recent advances in eco-informatics, dynamic management provides a new climate-ready approach to support sustainable fisheries.
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Degradation and forgone removals increase the carbon impact of intact forest loss by 626% (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: 〈p〉Intact tropical forests, free from substantial anthropogenic influence, store and sequester large amounts of atmospheric carbon but are currently neglected in international climate policy. We show that between 2000 and 2013, direct clearance of intact tropical forest areas accounted for 3.2% of gross carbon emissions from all deforestation across the pantropics. However, full carbon accounting requires the consideration of forgone carbon sequestration, selective logging, edge effects, and defaunation. When these factors were considered, the net carbon impact resulting from intact tropical forest loss between 2000 and 2013 increased by a factor of 6 (626%), from 0.34 (0.37 to 0.21) to 2.12 (2.85 to 1.00) petagrams of carbon (equivalent to approximately 2 years of global land use change emissions). The climate mitigation value of conserving the 549 million ha of tropical forest that remains intact is therefore significant but will soon dwindle if their rate of loss continues to accelerate.〈/p〉
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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