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  • 1
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    Commensal host-bacterial relationships in the gut (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-16
    Description: One potential outcome of the adaptive coevolution of humans and bacteria is the development of commensal relationships, where neither partner is harmed, or symbiotic relationships, where unique metabolic traits or other benefits are provided. Our gastrointestinal tract is colonized by a vast community of symbionts and commensals that have important effects on immune function, nutrient processing, and a broad range of other host activities. The current genomic revolution offers an unprecedented opportunity to identify the molecular foundations of these relationships so that we can understand how they contribute to our normal physiology and how they can be exploited to develop new therapeutic strategies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hooper, L V -- Gordon, J I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 11;292(5519):1115-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11352068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Bacteria/immunology/pathogenicity ; Bacterial Infections/immunology/microbiology/pathology/physiopathology ; Digestive System/immunology/*microbiology/pathology ; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena ; Genetic Vectors/genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/immunology ; Immunity, Mucosal/immunology ; Symbiosis/immunology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Molecular analysis of commensal host-microbial relationships in the intestine (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Human beings contain complex societies of indigenous microbes, yet little is known about how resident bacteria shape our physiology. We colonized germ-free mice with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prominent component of the normal mouse and human intestinal microflora. Global intestinal transcriptional responses to colonization were observed with DNA microarrays, and the cellular origins of selected responses were established by laser-capture microdissection. The results reveal that this commensal bacterium modulates expression of genes involved in several important intestinal functions, including nutrient absorption, mucosal barrier fortification, xenobiotic metabolism, angiogenesis, and postnatal intestinal maturation. These findings provide perspectives about the essential nature of the interactions between resident microorganisms and their hosts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hooper, L V -- Wong, M H -- Thelin, A -- Hansson, L -- Falk, P G -- Gordon, J I -- DK30292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 2;291(5505):881-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11157169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteroides/genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Bifidobacterium/growth & development/physiology ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins ; Escherichia coli/growth & development/physiology ; Gastrointestinal Motility/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Germ-Free Life ; Humans ; Ileum/cytology/immunology/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Intestinal Absorption/genetics ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/immunology/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Male ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mutation ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Precursors/genetics/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Xenobiotics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    The antibacterial lectin RegIIIgamma promotes the spatial segregation of microbiota and host in the intestine (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: The mammalian intestine is home to ~100 trillion bacteria that perform important metabolic functions for their hosts. The proximity of vast numbers of bacteria to host intestinal tissues raises the question of how symbiotic host-bacterial relationships are maintained without eliciting potentially harmful immune responses. Here, we show that RegIIIgamma, a secreted antibacterial lectin, is essential for maintaining a ~50-micrometer zone that physically separates the microbiota from the small intestinal epithelial surface. Loss of host-bacterial segregation in RegIIIgamma(-/-) mice was coupled to increased bacterial colonization of the intestinal epithelial surface and enhanced activation of intestinal adaptive immune responses by the microbiota. Together, our findings reveal that RegIIIgamma is a fundamental immune mechanism that promotes host-bacterial mutualism by regulating the spatial relationships between microbiota and host.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321924/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321924/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vaishnava, Shipra -- Yamamoto, Miwako -- Severson, Kari M -- Ruhn, Kelly A -- Yu, Xiaofei -- Koren, Omry -- Ley, Ruth -- Wakeland, Edward K -- Hooper, Lora V -- R01 DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070855-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):255-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1209791.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Load ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/immunology/*physiology ; Gram-Positive Bacteria/immunology/*physiology ; Homeostasis ; Immunoglobulin A/analysis ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/*microbiology ; Intestine, Small/immunology/*microbiology ; Lectins, C-Type/physiology ; *Metagenome ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Symbiosis ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    TH17 cell differentiation is regulated by the circadian clock (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-10
    Description: Circadian clocks regulate numerous physiological processes that vary across the day-night (diurnal) cycle, but if and how the circadian clock regulates the adaptive immune system is mostly unclear. Interleukin-17-producing CD4(+) T helper (T(H)17) cells are proinflammatory immune cells that protect against bacterial and fungal infections at mucosal surfaces. Their lineage specification is regulated by the orphan nuclear receptor RORgammat. We show that the transcription factor NFIL3 suppresses T(H)17 cell development by directly binding and repressing the Rorgammat promoter. NFIL3 links T(H)17 cell development to the circadian clock network through the transcription factor REV-ERBalpha. Accordingly, TH17 lineage specification varies diurnally and is altered in Rev-erbalpha(-/-) mice. Light-cycle disruption elevated intestinal T(H)17 cell frequencies and increased susceptibility to inflammatory disease. Thus, lineage specification of a key immune cell is under direct circadian control.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4165400/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4165400/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yu, Xiaofei -- Rollins, Darcy -- Ruhn, Kelly A -- Stubblefield, Jeremy J -- Green, Carla B -- Kashiwada, Masaki -- Rothman, Paul B -- Takahashi, Joseph S -- Hooper, Lora V -- R01 DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Nov 8;342(6159):727-30. doi: 10.1126/science.1243884.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24202171" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; CLOCK Proteins/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/*genetics ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; Circadian Clocks/genetics/*immunology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Germ-Free Life ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/immunology/microbiology ; Jurkat Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/*genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Th17 Cells/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    A genomic view of the human-Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron symbiosis (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-03-29
    Description: The human gut is colonized with a vast community of indigenous microorganisms that help shape our biology. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the Gram-negative anaerobe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a dominant member of our normal distal intestinal microbiota. Its 4779-member proteome includes an elaborate apparatus for acquiring and hydrolyzing otherwise indigestible dietary polysaccharides and an associated environment-sensing system consisting of a large repertoire of extracytoplasmic function sigma factors and one- and two-component signal transduction systems. These and other expanded paralogous groups shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying symbiotic host-bacterial relationships in our intestine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xu, Jian -- Bjursell, Magnus K -- Himrod, Jason -- Deng, Su -- Carmichael, Lynn K -- Chiang, Herbert C -- Hooper, Lora V -- Gordon, Jeffrey I -- DK30292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Mar 28;299(5615):2074-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12663928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Bacteroides/*genetics/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Chromosomes, Bacterial/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Humans ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Polysaccharides/metabolism ; Proteome ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sigma Factor/genetics/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; *Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Immunology. Innate lymphoid cells sweeten the pot (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hooper, Lora V -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1248-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1259808.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. lora.hooper@utsouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fucose/*metabolism ; *Immunity, Innate ; Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Microbiota/*immunology ; Salmonella Infections/*immunology ; *Salmonella typhimurium
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Symbiotic bacteria direct expression of an intestinal bactericidal lectin (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-26
    Description: The mammalian intestine harbors complex societies of beneficial bacteria that are maintained in the lumen with minimal penetration of mucosal surfaces. Microbial colonization of germ-free mice triggers epithelial expression of RegIIIgamma, a secreted C-type lectin. RegIIIgamma binds intestinal bacteria but lacks the complement recruitment domains present in other microbe-binding mammalian C-type lectins. We show that RegIIIgamma and its human counterpart, HIP/PAP, are directly antimicrobial proteins that bind their bacterial targets via interactions with peptidoglycan carbohydrate. We propose that these proteins represent an evolutionarily primitive form of lectin-mediated innate immunity, and that they reveal intestinal strategies for maintaining symbiotic host-microbial relationships.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716667/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716667/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cash, Heather L -- Whitham, Cecilia V -- Behrendt, Cassie L -- Hooper, Lora V -- R01 DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070855-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32-AI007520/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 25;313(5790):1126-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Lora.Hooper@UTSouthwestern.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16931762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Bacteria/growth & development/*immunology ; Biomarkers, Tumor/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Chitin/metabolism ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Germ-Free Life ; Gram-Positive Bacteria/immunology/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Intestine, Small/*microbiology ; Lectins, C-Type/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Listeria monocytogenes/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Paneth Cells/immunology/*metabolism ; Peptidoglycan/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Secretory Vesicles/metabolism ; Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Intestinal microbiota promote enteric virus replication and systemic pathogenesis (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: Intestinal bacteria aid host health and limit bacterial pathogen colonization. However, the influence of bacteria on enteric viruses is largely unknown. We depleted the intestinal microbiota of mice with antibiotics before inoculation with poliovirus, an enteric virus. Antibiotic-treated mice were less susceptible to poliovirus disease and supported minimal viral replication in the intestine. Exposure to bacteria or their N-acetylglucosamine-containing surface polysaccharides, including lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, enhanced poliovirus infectivity. We found that poliovirus binds lipopolysaccharide, and exposure of poliovirus to bacteria enhanced host cell association and infection. The pathogenesis of reovirus, an unrelated enteric virus, also was more severe in the presence of intestinal microbes. These results suggest that antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion diminishes enteric virus infection and that enteric viruses exploit intestinal microbes for replication and transmission.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222156/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222156/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuss, Sharon K -- Best, Gavin T -- Etheredge, Chris A -- Pruijssers, Andrea J -- Frierson, Johnna M -- Hooper, Lora V -- Dermody, Terence S -- Pfeiffer, Julie K -- AI38296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 NS071986/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA68485/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P60 DK20593/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074668/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074668-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI74668/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070855-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007520/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI07611/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):249-52. doi: 10.1126/science.1211057.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Cells, Cultured ; Feces/microbiology/virology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Intestines/*microbiology/virology ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Mammalian orthoreovirus 3/*physiology ; *Metagenome ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Poliomyelitis/*virology ; Poliovirus/metabolism/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Reoviridae Infections/*virology ; *Virus Replication ; Virus Shedding
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Interactions between the microbiota and the immune system (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-08
    Description: The large numbers of microorganisms that inhabit mammalian body surfaces have a highly coevolved relationship with the immune system. Although many of these microbes carry out functions that are critical for host physiology, they nevertheless pose the threat of breach with ensuing pathologies. The mammalian immune system plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis with resident microbial communities, thus ensuring that the mutualistic nature of the host-microbial relationship is maintained. At the same time, resident bacteria profoundly shape mammalian immunity. Here, we review advances in our understanding of the interactions between resident microbes and the immune system and the implications of these findings for human health.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4420145/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4420145/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hooper, Lora V -- Littman, Dan R -- Macpherson, Andrew J -- AI080885/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI080885/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070855/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1268-73. doi: 10.1126/science.1223490. Epub 2012 Jun 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. lora.hooper@utsouthwestern.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22674334" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology/microbiology ; Bacteria/immunology ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Germ-Free Life ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Immune System/physiology ; *Immunity ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Immunocompromised Host ; Inflammation ; Intestines/*immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphoid Tissue/immunology ; Metabolic Syndrome X/immunology/microbiology ; Metagenome/immunology/*physiology ; Symbiosis ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    The intestinal microbiota regulates body composition through NFIL3 and the circadian clock (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: The intestinal microbiota has been identified as an environmental factor that markedly affects energy storage and body-fat accumulation in mammals, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the microbiota regulates body composition through the circadian transcription factor NFIL3. Nfil3 transcription oscillates diurnally in intestinal epithelial cells, and the amplitude of the circadian oscillation is controlled by the microbiota through group 3 innate lymphoid cells, STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), and the epithelial cell circadian clock. NFIL3 controls expression of a circadian lipid metabolic program and regulates lipid absorption and export in intestinal epithelial cells. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how the intestinal microbiota regulates body composition and establish NFIL3 as an essential molecular link among the microbiota, the circadian clock, and host metabolism.
    Keywords: Immunology, Physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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