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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2)
  • 1
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    Superfast muscles set maximum call rate in echolocating bats (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-01
    Description: As an echolocating bat closes in on a flying insect, it increases call emission to rates beyond 160 calls per second. This high call rate phase, dubbed the terminal buzz, has proven enigmatic because it is unknown how bats are able to produce calls so quickly. We found that previously unknown and highly specialized superfast muscles power rapid call rates in the terminal buzz. Additionally, we show that laryngeal motor performance, not overlap between call production and the arrival of echoes at the bat's ears, limits maximum call rate. Superfast muscles are rare in vertebrates and always associated with extraordinary motor demands on acoustic communication. We propose that the advantages of rapid auditory updates on prey movement selected for superfast laryngeal muscle in echolocating bats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elemans, Coen P H -- Mead, Andrew F -- Jakobsen, Lasse -- Ratcliffe, John M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 30;333(6051):1885-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1207309.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. coen@biology.sdu.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; *Echolocation ; Insects ; Laryngeal Muscles/*physiology ; Larynx/physiology ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/*physiology ; Muscle Relaxation ; Sound ; Vocal Cords/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Vision using multiple distinct rod opsins in deep-sea fishes (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Vertebrate vision is accomplished through light-sensitive photopigments consisting of an opsin protein bound to a chromophore. In dim light, vertebrates generally rely on a single rod opsin [rhodopsin 1 (RH1)] for obtaining visual information. By inspecting 101 fish genomes, we found that three deep-sea teleost lineages have independently expanded their 〈i〉RH1〈/i〉 gene repertoires. Among these, the silver spinyfin (〈i〉Diretmus argenteus〈/i〉) stands out as having the highest number of visual opsins in vertebrates (two cone opsins and 38 rod opsins). Spinyfins express up to 14 〈i〉RH1〈/i〉s (including the most blueshifted rod photopigments known), which cover the range of the residual daylight as well as the bioluminescence spectrum present in the deep sea. Our findings present molecular and functional evidence for the recurrent evolution of multiple rod opsin–based vision in vertebrates.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER CURRENT
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