Publication Date:
2011-10-01
Description:
As an echolocating bat closes in on a flying insect, it increases call emission to rates beyond 160 calls per second. This high call rate phase, dubbed the terminal buzz, has proven enigmatic because it is unknown how bats are able to produce calls so quickly. We found that previously unknown and highly specialized superfast muscles power rapid call rates in the terminal buzz. Additionally, we show that laryngeal motor performance, not overlap between call production and the arrival of echoes at the bat's ears, limits maximum call rate. Superfast muscles are rare in vertebrates and always associated with extraordinary motor demands on acoustic communication. We propose that the advantages of rapid auditory updates on prey movement selected for superfast laryngeal muscle in echolocating bats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elemans, Coen P H -- Mead, Andrew F -- Jakobsen, Lasse -- Ratcliffe, John M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 30;333(6051):1885-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1207309.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. coen@biology.sdu.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Chiroptera/*physiology
;
*Echolocation
;
Insects
;
Laryngeal Muscles/*physiology
;
Larynx/physiology
;
Muscle Contraction
;
Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/*physiology
;
Muscle Relaxation
;
Sound
;
Vocal Cords/physiology
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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