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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (8)
  • 1
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    Negative regulation by HLA-DO of MHC class II-restricted antigen processing (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-10-06
    Description: HLA-DM is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-like molecule that facilitates antigen processing by catalyzing the exchange of invariant chain-derived peptides (CLIP) from class II molecules for antigenic peptides. HLA-DO is a second class II-like molecule that physically associates with HLA-DM in B cells. HLA-DO was shown to block HLA-DM function. Purified HLA-DM-DO complexes could not promote peptide exchange in vitro. Expression of HLA-DO in a class II+ and DM+, DO- human T cell line caused the accumulation of class II-CLIP complexes, indicating that HLA-DO blocked DM function in vivo and suggesting that HLA-DO is an important modulator of class II-restricted antigen processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denzin, L K -- Sant'Angelo, D B -- Hammond, C -- Surman, M J -- Cresswell, P -- AI14579/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI23081/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):106-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9311912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Antigen Presentation ; Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; HLA-D Antigens/*metabolism ; HLA-DR3 Antigen/metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Nuclear Proteins ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Geophysics. The ghost of an earthquake (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, William C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 2;310(5753):1440-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno NV 89557-0088, USA. whammond@unr.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Mantle seismic structure beneath the MELT region of the east pacific rise from P and S wave tomography (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-05
    Description: Relative travel time delays of teleseismic P and S waves, recorded during the Mantle Electromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) Experiment, have been inverted tomographically for upper-mantle structure beneath the southern East Pacific Rise. A broad zone of low seismic velocities extends beneath the rise to depths of about 200 kilometers and is centered to the west of the spreading center. The magnitudes of the P and S wave anomalies require the presence of retained mantle melt; the melt fraction near the rise exceeds the fraction 300 kilometers off axis by as little as 1%. Seismic anisotropy, induced by mantle flow, is evident in the P wave delays at near-vertical incidence and is consistent with a half-width of mantle upwelling of about 100 km.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Toomey -- Wilcock -- Solomon -- Hammond -- Orcutt -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 22;280(5367):1224-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉D. R. Toomey and W. C. Hammond, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA. W. S. D. Wilcock, School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. S. C. Solomon, Department of Terrestrial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9596567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Folding of VSV G protein: sequential interaction with BiP and calnexin (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-21
    Description: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contains molecular chaperones that facilitate the folding of proteins in mammalian cells. Biosynthetic labeling was used to study the interactions of two chaperones, BiP and calnexin, with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (G protein). Coimmunoprecipitation of G protein with the chaperones showed that BiP bound maximally to early folding intermediates of G protein, whereas calnexin bound after a short lag to more folded molecules. Castanospermine, an inhibitor of ER glucosidases, blocked the binding of proteins to calnexin and inhibited G protein folding. Interaction with calnexin was necessary for efficient folding of G protein and for retention of partially folded forms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, C -- Helenius, A -- P01 CA46128/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM38346/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CHO Cells ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Calnexin ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Indolizines/pharmacology ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; *Molecular Chaperones ; Protein Folding ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/*chemistry/physiology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Tandem riboswitch architectures exhibit complex gene control functions (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-14
    Description: Riboswitches are structured RNAs typically located in the 5' untranslated regions of bacterial mRNAs that bind metabolites and control gene expression. Most riboswitches sense one metabolite and function as simple genetic switches. However, we found that the 5' region of the Bacillus clausii metE messenger RNA includes two riboswitches that respond to S-adenosylmethionine and coenzyme B12. This tandem arrangement yields a composite gene control system that functions as a two-input Boolean NOR logic gate. These findings and the discovery of additional tandem riboswitch architectures reveal how simple RNA elements can be assembled to make sophisticated genetic decisions without involving protein factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sudarsan, Narasimhan -- Hammond, Ming C -- Block, Kirsten F -- Welz, Rudiger -- Barrick, Jeffrey E -- Roth, Adam -- Breaker, Ronald R -- GM 068819/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 07223-31/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068819/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):300-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, Post Office Box 208103, New Haven, CT 06520-8103, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5' Untranslated Regions/*metabolism ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry/metabolism ; Bacillus/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cobamides/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; Ligands ; Methionine/biosynthesis/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA, Bacterial/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; S-Adenosylmethionine/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Monensin and the prevention of tryptophan-induced acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: 3-Methylindole, a ruminal fermentation product of tryptophan, induces acute pulmonary edema and emphysema in cattle, and 3-methylindole is present in the ruminal fluid and blood of cows with a natually occurring form of this disease. Monensin, a polyether antibiotic and widely used feed additive for beef cattle, prevented tryptophan-induced acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema. Monensin acted by reducing the ruminal conversion of L-tryptophan to 3-methylindole both in vitro and in vivo. Lasalocid, also a polyether antibiotic, showed similar effects in vitro. These results provide a promising approach to prevention of this major respiratory disease of cattle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, A C -- Carlson, J R -- Breeze, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):153-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Furans/*therapeutic use ; Lasalocid/therapeutic use ; Monensin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Pneumonia, Atypical Interstitial, of Cattle/*prevention & control ; Rumen/metabolism ; Skatole/metabolism ; Tryptophan/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Seasat altimeter calibration: initial results (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-29
    Description: Preliminary analysis of radar altimeter data indicates that the instrument has met its specifications for measuring spacecraft height above the ocean surface (+/- 10 centimeters) and significant wave height (+/- 0.5 meter). There is ample evidence that the radar altimeter, having undergone development through three earth orbit missions [Skylab, Geodynamics Experimental Ocean Satellite 3 (GEOS-3), and Seasat], has reached a level of precision that now makes possible its use for important quantitative oceanographic investigations and practical applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tapley, B D -- Born, G H -- Hagar, H H -- Lorell, J -- Parke, M E -- Diamante, J M -- Douglas, B C -- Goad, C C -- Kolenkiewicz, R -- Marsh, J G -- Martin, C F -- Smith, S L 3rd -- Townsend, W F -- Whitehead, J A -- Byrne, H M -- Fedor, L S -- Hammond, D C -- Mognard, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 29;204(4400):1410-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17814198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Quantifying gas emissions from the "Millennium Eruption" of Paektu volcano, Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea/China (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-01
    Description: Paektu volcano (Changbaishan) is a rhyolitic caldera that straddles the border between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and China. Its most recent large eruption was the Millennium Eruption (ME; 23 km 3 dense rock equivalent) circa 946 CE, which resulted in the release of copious magmatic volatiles (H 2 O, CO 2 , sulfur, and halogens). Accurate quantification of volatile yield and composition is critical in assessing volcanogenic climate impacts but is challenging, particularly for events before the satellite era. We use a geochemical technique to quantify volatile composition and upper bounds to yields for the ME by examining trends in incompatible trace and volatile element concentrations in crystal-hosted melt inclusions. We estimate that the ME could have emitted as much as 45 Tg of S to the atmosphere. This is greater than the quantity of S released by the 1815 eruption of Tambora, which contributed to the "year without a summer." Our maximum gas yield estimates place the ME among the strongest emitters of climate-forcing gases in the Common Era. However, ice cores from Greenland record only a relatively weak sulfate signal attributed to the ME. We suggest that other factors came into play in minimizing the glaciochemical signature. This paradoxical case in which high S emissions do not result in a strong glacial sulfate signal may present a way forward in building more generalized models for interpreting which volcanic eruptions have produced large climate impacts.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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