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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (8)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Ramat-Gan: Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics
  • 2010-2014  (15)
  • 1
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    3D parallel-detection microwave tomography for clinical breast imaging (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: A biomedical microwave tomography system with 3D-imaging capabilities has been constructed and translated to the clinic. Updates to the hardware and reconfiguration of the electronic-network layouts in a more compartmentalized construct have streamlined system packaging. Upgrades to the data acquisition and microwave components have increased data-acquisition speeds and improved system performance. By incorporating analog-to-digital boards that accommodate the linear amplification and dynamic-range coverage our system requires, a complete set of data (for a fixed array position at a single frequency) is now acquired in 5.8 s. Replacement of key components (e.g., switches and power dividers) by devices with improved operational bandwidths has enhanced system response over a wider frequency range. High-integrity, low-power signals are routinely measured down to −130 dBm for frequencies ranging from 500 to 2300 MHz. Adequate inter-channel isolation has been maintained, and a dynamic range 〉110 dB has been achieved for the full operating frequency range (500–2900 MHz). For our primary band of interest, the associated measurement deviations are less than 0.33% and 0.5° for signal amplitude and phase values, respectively. A modified monopole antenna array (composed of two interwoven eight-element sub-arrays), in conjunction with an updated motion-control system capable of independently moving the sub-arrays to various in-plane and cross-plane positions within the illumination chamber, has been configured in the new design for full volumetric data acquisition. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are more than adequate for all transmit/receive antenna pairs over the full frequency range and for the variety of in-plane and cross-plane configurations. For proximal receivers, in-plane SNRs greater than 80 dB are observed up to 2900 MHz, while cross-plane SNRs greater than 80 dB are seen for 6 cm sub-array spacing (for frequencies up to 1500 MHz). We demonstrate accurate recovery of 3D dielectric property distributions for breast-like phantoms with tumor inclusions utilizing both the in-plane and new cross-plane data.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Investigation of thin films of organic-based magnets grown by physical vapor deposition (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: Thin films of organic-based magnet, V[TCNE] x (TCNE: tetracyanoethylene), were deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) based reactive evaporation. The growth conditions were studied in detail. A saturated composition of V[TCNE] ∼1.9 was determined by optimizing the growth condition. Two sets of films with different V to TCNE ratios were characterized. Both films were magnetic ordered up to 400 K and held coercive field of 60 Oe at room temperature. With the presence of excess vanadium within the film, the increase of defects created by PVD results in significant change in electronic property.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Mass-ablation-rate measurements in direct-drive cryogenic implosions using x-ray self-emission imagesa) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-06
    Description: A technique to measure the mass ablation rate in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion implosions using a pinhole x-ray framing camera is presented. In target designs consisting of two layers of different materials, two x-ray self-emission peaks from the coronal plasma were measured once the laser burned through the higher- Z outer layer. The location of the inner peak is related to the position of the ablation front and the location of the outer peak corresponds to the position of the interface of the two layers in the plasma. The emergence of the second peak was used to measure the burnthrough time of the outer layer, giving the average mass ablation rate of the material and instantaneous mass remaining. By varying the thickness of the outer layer, the mass ablation rate can be obtained as a function of time. Simulations were used to validate the methods and verify that the measurement techniques are not sensitive to perturbation growth at the ablation surface.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    X-ray area backlighter development at the National Ignition Facility (invited)a) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-09
    Description: 1D spectral imaging was used to characterize the K-shell emission of Z ≈ 30–35 and Z ≈ 40–42 laser-irradiated foils at the National Ignition Facility. Foils were driven with up to 60 kJ of 3ω light, reaching laser irradiances on target between 0.5 and 20 × 10 15 W/cm 2 . Laser-to-X-ray conversion efficiency (CE) into the He α line (plus satellite emission) of 1.0%–1.5% and 0.15%–0.2% was measured for Z ≈ 30–32 and Z ≈ 40–42, respectively. Measured CE into He α (plus satellite emission) of Br (Z = 35) compound foils (either KBr or RbBr) ranged between 0.16% and 0.29%. Measured spectra are compared with 1D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium atomic kinetic and radiation transport simulations, providing a fast and accurate predictive capability.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Interconversion between intestinal stem cell populations in distinct niches (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: Intestinal epithelial stem cell identity and location have been the subject of substantial research. Cells in the +4 niche are slow-cycling and label-retaining, whereas a different stem cell niche located at the crypt base is occupied by crypt base columnar (CBC) cells. CBCs are distinct from +4 cells, and the relationship between them is unknown, though both give rise to all intestinal epithelial lineages. We demonstrate that Hopx, an atypical homeobox protein, is a specific marker of +4 cells. Hopx-expressing cells give rise to CBCs and all mature intestinal epithelial lineages. Conversely, CBCs can give rise to +4 Hopx-positive cells. These findings demonstrate a bidirectional lineage relationship between active and quiescent stem cells in their niches.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705713/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705713/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takeda, Norifumi -- Jain, Rajan -- LeBoeuf, Matthew R -- Wang, Qiaohong -- Lu, Min Min -- Epstein, Jonathan A -- R01 HL071546/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100405/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 9;334(6061):1420-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1213214. Epub 2011 Nov 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22075725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology ; Homeodomain Proteins/analysis/genetics ; Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology/drug effects ; Intestine, Small/*cytology/drug effects ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Paneth Cells/cytology ; *Stem Cell Niche ; Tamoxifen/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Tomography of reaction-diffusion microemulsions reveals three-dimensional Turing patterns (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: Spatially periodic, temporally stationary patterns that emerge from instability of a homogeneous steady state were proposed by Alan Turing in 1952 as a mechanism for morphogenesis in living systems and have attracted increasing attention in biology, chemistry, and physics. Patterns found to date have been confined to one or two spatial dimensions. We used tomography to study the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction in a microemulsion in which the polar reactants are confined to aqueous nanodroplets much smaller than the scale of the stationary patterns. We demonstrate the existence of Turing patterns that can exist only in three dimensions, including curved surfaces, hexagonally packed cylinders, spots, and labyrinthine and lamellar patterns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bansagi, Tamas Jr -- Vanag, Vladimir K -- Epstein, Irving R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 11;331(6022):1309-12. doi: 10.1126/science.1200815. Epub 2011 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310963" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Competencies: a cure for pre-med curriculum (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, Winston A -- Amasino, Richard M -- Ares, Manuel Jr -- Banerjee, Utpal -- Bartel, Bonnie -- Corces, Victor G -- Drennan, Catherine L -- Elgin, Sarah C R -- Epstein, Irving R -- Fanning, Ellen -- Guillette, Louis J Jr -- Handelsman, Jo -- Hatfull, Graham F -- Hoy, Ronald Raymond -- Kelley, Darcy -- Leinwand, Leslie A -- Losick, Richard -- Lu, Yi -- Lynn, David G -- Neuhauser, Claudia -- O'Dowd, Diane K -- Olivera, Toto -- Pevzner, Pavel -- Richards-Kortum, Rebecca R -- Rine, Jasper -- Sah, Robert L -- Strobel, Scott A -- Walker, Graham C -- Walt, David R -- Warner, Isiah M -- Wessler, Sue -- Willard, Huntington F -- Zare, Richard N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):760-1. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6057.760-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Curriculum ; *Education, Premedical ; *Educational Status ; *School Admission Criteria ; *Schools, Medical ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Science education. Changing the culture of science education at research universities (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, W A -- Banerjee, U -- Drennan, C L -- Elgin, S C R -- Epstein, I R -- Handelsman, J -- Hatfull, G F -- Losick, R -- O'Dowd, D K -- Olivera, B M -- Strobel, S A -- Walker, G C -- Warner, I M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 14;331(6014):152-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1198280.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes ; *Faculty ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; Science/*education ; *Teaching ; *Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    A memory retrieval-extinction procedure to prevent drug craving and relapse (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-14
    Description: Drug use and relapse involve learned associations between drug-associated environmental cues and drug effects. Extinction procedures in the clinic can suppress conditioned responses to drug cues, but the extinguished responses typically reemerge after exposure to the drug itself (reinstatement), the drug-associated environment (renewal), or the passage of time (spontaneous recovery). We describe a memory retrieval-extinction procedure that decreases conditioned drug effects and drug seeking in rat models of relapse, and drug craving in abstinent heroin addicts. In rats, daily retrieval of drug-associated memories 10 minutes or 1 hour but not 6 hours before extinction sessions attenuated drug-induced reinstatement, spontaneous recovery, and renewal of conditioned drug effects and drug seeking. In heroin addicts, retrieval of drug-associated memories 10 minutes before extinction sessions attenuated cue-induced heroin craving 1, 30, and 180 days later. The memory retrieval-extinction procedure is a promising nonpharmacological method for decreasing drug craving and relapse during abstinence.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695463/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695463/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xue, Yan-Xue -- Luo, Yi-Xiao -- Wu, Ping -- Shi, Hai-Shui -- Xue, Li-Fen -- Chen, Chen -- Zhu, Wei-Li -- Ding, Zeng-Bo -- Bao, Yan-ping -- Shi, Jie -- Epstein, David H -- Shaham, Yavin -- Lu, Lin -- Z99 DA999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DA000434-12/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Apr 13;336(6078):241-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1215070.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22499948" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/enzymology ; Animals ; Behavior, Addictive/*prevention & control ; Cocaine/administration & dosage ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/*psychology/therapy ; Conditioning, Classical ; Conditioning, Operant ; Cues ; *Extinction, Psychological ; Heroin/administration & dosage ; Heroin Dependence/*psychology/therapy ; Humans ; Male ; *Memory ; Mental Recall ; Models, Animal ; Prefrontal Cortex/enzymology ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recurrence ; Self Administration ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Protection against malaria by intravenous immunization with a nonreplicating sporozoite vaccine (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-10
    Description: Consistent, high-level, vaccine-induced protection against human malaria has only been achieved by inoculation of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites (SPZ) by mosquito bites. We report that the PfSPZ Vaccine--composed of attenuated, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved PfSPZ--was safe and well tolerated when administered four to six times intravenously (IV) to 40 adults. Zero of six subjects receiving five doses and three of nine subjects receiving four doses of 1.35 x 10(5) PfSPZ Vaccine and five of six nonvaccinated controls developed malaria after controlled human malaria infection (P = 0.015 in the five-dose group and P = 0.028 for overall, both versus controls). PfSPZ-specific antibody and T cell responses were dose-dependent. These data indicate that there is a dose-dependent immunological threshold for establishing high-level protection against malaria that can be achieved with IV administration of a vaccine that is safe and meets regulatory standards.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seder, Robert A -- Chang, Lee-Jah -- Enama, Mary E -- Zephir, Kathryn L -- Sarwar, Uzma N -- Gordon, Ingelise J -- Holman, LaSonji A -- James, Eric R -- Billingsley, Peter F -- Gunasekera, Anusha -- Richman, Adam -- Chakravarty, Sumana -- Manoj, Anita -- Velmurugan, Soundarapandian -- Li, MingLin -- Ruben, Adam J -- Li, Tao -- Eappen, Abraham G -- Stafford, Richard E -- Plummer, Sarah H -- Hendel, Cynthia S -- Novik, Laura -- Costner, Pamela J M -- Mendoza, Floreliz H -- Saunders, Jamie G -- Nason, Martha C -- Richardson, Jason H -- Murphy, Jittawadee -- Davidson, Silas A -- Richie, Thomas L -- Sedegah, Martha -- Sutamihardja, Awalludin -- Fahle, Gary A -- Lyke, Kirsten E -- Laurens, Matthew B -- Roederer, Mario -- Tewari, Kavita -- Epstein, Judith E -- Sim, B Kim Lee -- Ledgerwood, Julie E -- Graham, Barney S -- Hoffman, Stephen L -- VRC 312 Study Team -- 3R44AI055229-06S1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 4R44AI055229-08/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R44AI058499-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01-AI-40096/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Sep 20;341(6152):1359-65. doi: 10.1126/science.1241800. Epub 2013 Aug 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. rseder@mail.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23929949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intravenous ; Adult ; Animals ; Cytokines/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Malaria Vaccines/*administration & dosage/adverse effects/*immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum/*prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; Sporozoites/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vaccination/adverse effects/methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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