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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (399)
  • 1985-1989  (399)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1925-1929
  • 1985  (399)
  • 1
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    Long-term ecosystem stress: the effects of years of experimental acidification on a small lake (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-21
    Beschreibung: Experimental acidification of a small lake from an original pH value of 6.8 to 5.0 over an 8-year period caused a number of dramatic changes in the lake's food web. Changes in phytoplankton species, cessation of fish reproduction, disappearance of the benthic crustaceans, and appearance of filamentous algae in the littoral zone were consistent with deductions from synoptic surveys of lakes in regions of high acid deposition. Contrary to what had been expected from synoptic surveys, acidification of Lake 223 did not cause decreases in primary production, rates of decomposition, or nutrient concentrations. Key organisms in the food web leading to lake trout, including Mysis relicta and Pimephales promelas, were eliminated from the lake at pH values as high as 5.8, an indication that irreversible stresses on aquatic ecosystems occur earlier in the acidification process than was heretofore believed. These changes are caused by hydrogen ion alone, and not by the secondary effect of aluminum toxicity. Since no species of fish reproduced at pH values below 5.4, the lake would become fishless within about a decade on the basis of the natural mortalities of the most long-lived species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schindler, D W -- Mills, K H -- Malley, D F -- Findlay, D L -- Shearer, J A -- Davies, I J -- Turner, M A -- Linsey, G A -- Cruikshank, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1395-401.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17814473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    T-cell receptor beta-chain expression: dependence on relatively few variable region genes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-09
    Beschreibung: Fifteen independently isolated complementary DNA clones that contain T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes were sequenced and found to represent 11 different V beta genes. When compared with known sequences, 14 different V beta genes could be defined from a total of 25 complementary DNA's; 11 clones therefore involved repeated usage of previously identified V beta's. Based on these data, we calculate a maximum likelihood estimate of the number of expressed germline V beta genes to be 18 with an upper 95 percent confidence bound of 30 genes. Southern blot analysis has shown that most of these genes belong to single element subfamilies which show very limited interstrain polymorphism. The TCR beta-chain diversity appears to be generated from a limited V beta gene pool primarily by extensive variability at the variable-diversity-joining (V-D-J) junctional site, with no evidence for the involvement of somatic hypermutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behlke, M A -- Spinella, D G -- Chou, H S -- Sha, W -- Hartl, D L -- Loh, D Y -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; Gene Pool ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Matrix-driven translocation of cells and nonliving particles (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: Cells of metazoan organisms produce and react to complex macromolecular microenvironments known as extracellular matrices. Assembly in vitro of native, compositionally nonuniform collagen-fibronectin matrices caused translocation of certain types of cells or polystyrene-latex beads from regions lacking fibronectin into regions containing it. The translocation process was not due to diffusion, convection, or electrostatic distribution effects, but may depend on nonequilibrium phenomena at the interface of contiguous collagen matrices formed in the presence and absence of fibronectin or particles. Extracellular matrix formation alone was sufficient to drive translocation by a biophysical process that may play a role in cellular migration during embryogenesis, as well as in other types of tissue reorganization such as inflammation, wound healing, and tumor invasion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newman, S A -- Frenz, D A -- Tomasek, J J -- Rabuzzi, D D -- HD18148/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):885-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cartilage/cytology/embryology ; *Cell Movement/drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Collagen/*pharmacology ; Diffusion ; Extracellular Matrix/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Fibronectins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Microspheres ; Movement
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Studies of the putative transforming protein of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-21
    Beschreibung: The putative transforming protein of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) is a 40-kilodalton protein encoded by the X region and is termed p40XI. On the basis of both subcellular fractionation techniques and immunocytochemical analysis, it is now shown that p40XI is a nuclear protein with a relatively short half-life (120 minutes). It is synthesized de novo in considerable quantities in a human T-cell line infected with and transformed by the virus in vitro, and it is not packaged in detectable amounts in the extracellular virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Press, M F -- Souza, L M -- Murdock, D C -- Cline, M J -- Golde, D W -- Gasson, J C -- Chen, I S -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1427-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming ; Antigens, Viral, Tumor/immunology/*metabolism ; Cell Fractionation ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*metabolism ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Precipitin Tests ; Viral Proteins/immunology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Effects on Trichinella spiralis of host responses to purified antigens (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-22
    Beschreibung: Purification of two antigens (48-kilodalton polypeptide and a group with major subunits of 50 and 55 kilodaltons) from the infective larvae of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis was recently reported. Immunization of mice with either of these antigens induces strong resistance to a subsequent challenge infection. In the study reported here the mechanism of this resistance was investigated by monitoring the parasite's life cycle in mice immunized with the antigens. Immunized mice were able to expel intestinal adult worms and to inhibit the fecundity of adult female worms at an accelerated rate compared to control mice. Accelerated expulsion and inhibition of fecundity may account entirely for the level of resistance induced by immunization. Although the effects of the immune response apparently are exerted on adult worms, the target antigens are expressed only by developing larvae. This suggests that immune effector mechanisms act on intestinal larvae in such a way that they develop into defective adults.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silberstein, D S -- Despommier, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):948-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Female ; Immunization ; Larva ; Male ; Mice ; Trichinella/growth & development/*immunology ; Trichinellosis/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Coronary vasoconstrictor effects of atriopeptin II (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-01
    Beschreibung: Atrial natriuretic peptides lower arterial pressure, cardiac filling pressure, and cardiac output. In isolated, Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts, atriopeptin II, the 23-amino acid atrial natriuretic peptide, is also a potent coronary vasoconstrictor. The median effective dose for atriopeptin II in guinea pig hearts is 26 nanomoles, the threshold constrictor dose is 5 nanomoles, and flow nearly ceases at a dose of 100 nanomoles in perfused hearts at constant pressure. Similar concentrations of atriopeptin II also cause coronary vasoconstriction in rat and dog heart preparations. The disulfide bridge is necessary for vasoconstrictor activity; reduction of this bridge abolishes the activity, as it does the other biological activities of atrial natriuretic peptides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wangler, R D -- Breuhaus, B A -- Otero, H O -- Hastings, D A -- Holzman, M D -- Saneii, H H -- Sparks, H V Jr -- Chimoskey, J E -- HL07507/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL24232/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL30239/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):558-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2931801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*pharmacology ; Coronary Circulation/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Guinea Pigs ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Perfusion ; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects ; Vasoconstriction/*drug effects ; Verapamil/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Induction of AIDS-like disease in macaque monkeys with T-cell tropic retrovirus STLV-III (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-04
    Beschreibung: The T-cell tropic retrovirus of macaque monkeys STLV-III has morphologic, growth, and antigenic properties indicating that it is related to HTLV-III/LAV, the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans. Four of six rhesus monkeys died within 160 days of STLV-III inoculation with a wasting syndrome, opportunistic infections, a primary retroviral encephalitis, and immunologic abnormalities including a decrease in T4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data show that an immunodeficiency syndrome can be produced experimentally in a nonhuman primate by an agent from the HTLV-III/LAV group of retroviruses. The STLV-III-macaque system will thus provide a useful model for the study of antiviral agents and vaccine development for human AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Letvin, N L -- Daniel, M D -- Sehgal, P K -- Desrosiers, R C -- Hunt, R D -- Waldron, L M -- MacKey, J J -- Schmidt, D K -- Chalifoux, L V -- King, N W -- AI 20729/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 34979/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 38205/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Deltaretrovirus ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epitopes/analysis ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Macaca mulatta ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pancreas/pathology ; *Retroviridae ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Atriopeptin-immunoreactive neurons in the brain: presence in cardiovascular regulatory areas (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-01
    Beschreibung: Antisera to atriopeptin III and to a cyanogen bromide fragment of the precursor molecule atriopeptigen were prepared and used to examine the distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart and brain of the rat. Granules of this material were seen in myocytes throughout the right and left atria and were densest in the perinuclear region. The distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart is consistent with previous reports of atrial secretory granules. In the brain neurons containing the material were observed in the hypothalamus and the pontine tegmentum. Atriopeptin in the brain may serve as a neurotransmitter in neural systems controlling blood volume and composition, the same physiological functions regulated by blood-borne atriopeptin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saper, C B -- Standaert, D G -- Currie, M G -- Schwartz, D -- Geller, D M -- Needleman, P -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS00631/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS18669/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1047-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2858127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Brain/*physiology ; *Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Hypothalamus/cytology/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Muscle Proteins/immunology/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Rats ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Loss of M2 muscarine receptors in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease and experimental cholinergic denervation (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-31
    Beschreibung: Cerebral cortex samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease and from rats after experimental cholinergic denervation of the cerebral cortex exhibited reductions in the presynaptic marker choline acetyltransferase activity and in the number of M2 muscarine receptors, with no change in the number of M1 receptors. These results are in keeping with evidence that M2 receptors function in cholinergic nerve terminals to regulate the release of acetylcholine, whereas M1 receptors are located on postsynaptic cells and facilitate cellular excitation. New M1-selective agonists and M2-selective antagonists directed at post- or presynaptic sites deserve consideration as potential agents for the treatment of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mash, D C -- Flynn, D D -- Potter, L T -- HLO-7188/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1115-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3992249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/*metabolism ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Denervation ; Humans ; Male ; Oxotremorine ; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*metabolism ; Synaptic Membranes/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Antiprotozoal activity of tricyclic compounds (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hewlett, E L -- Pearson, R D -- Zilberstein, D -- Dwyer, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1063-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use ; Clomipramine/therapeutic use ; Leishmaniasis/*drug therapy ; Membranes/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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