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  • 2020-2024  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (70)
  • 1965-1969  (28)
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  • 1
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    Chlorine-36 in fossil rat urine: an archive of cosmogenic nuclide deposition during the past 40,000 years (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-07-25
    Description: Knowledge of the production history of cosmogenic nuclides, which is needed for geological and archaeological dating, has been uncertain. Measurements of chlorine-36/chlorine (36Cl/Cl) ratios in fossil packrat middens from Nevada that are radiocarbon-dated between about 38 thousand years ago (ka) and the present showed that 36Cl/Cl ratios were higher by a factor of about 2 before approximately 11 ka. This raises the possibility that cosmogenic production rates just before the close of the Pleistocene were up to 50% higher than is suggested by carbon-14 calibration data. The discrepancy could be explained by addition of low-carbon-14 carbon dioxide to the atmosphere during that period, which would have depressed atmospheric radiocarbon activity. Alternatively, climatic effects on 36Cl deposition may have enhanced the 36Cl/Cl ratios.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plummer, M A -- Phillips, F M -- Fabryka-Martin, J -- Turin, H J -- Wigand, P E -- Sharma, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jul 25;277(5325):538-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9227999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Carbon Radioisotopes/analysis ; Chlorine/*urine ; Cosmic Radiation ; *Fossils ; Nevada ; Radioisotopes/*urine ; Sigmodontinae/*urine ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Measured ¹⁰Be and ⁹Be isotopes in manganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: Ten large (surface area = 50-360 cm 2) manganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific, Atlantic and the Indian Oceanshave been selected for ¹⁰Be and ⁹Be isotopes evaluation. In-depth samples from each nodule were collected by chipping with the aid of a stainless steel chisel and hammer as well as using a dental drill. Powdered resulting material was ovendried (at 110°C overnight). Separation procedure used in either hydroxylamine hydrochloride or 6 M HCI + H2O2. 10Be concentration was evaluated using a radiometric beta counter. 9Be was measured using a HGA 500 graphite furnace (Perkin Elmer, U.S.A.) coupled to a model 305A atomic absorption spectrophotometer on a suitably diluted aliquot of acid leaches. The solution was dried at ll0°C, charred at 800°C and atomized at 2650°C using Ar as the carrier gas.
    Keywords: ANTIPODE; ANTP03MV-050D; ANTP04MV-058D; ANTP-050D; ANTP-058D; ARIES; ARIES-012D; ARIES-015D; ARIES-039D; Atlantic Ocean; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Beryllium-10, count rate; Beryllium-10, count rate, standard deviation; Beryllium-10, standard deviation; Beryllium-9; Beta radiation counter; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Distance; Distance, maximum; Distance, minimum; Dredge; Dredge, rock; DRG; DRG_R; Elevation of event; Event label; GECS0IMV-001D; Geochemistry; GEOSECS_Pacific_8; Identification; Indian Ocean; Latitude of event; Leg 8; Longitude of event; manganese micronodule; manganese nodule; Melville; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Northwestern Pacific Ocean; ocean; Pacific Ocean; RC14; RC14-4RD; RC15; RC15-5RD; RC16; RC16-10RD; Robert Conrad; sediment; South Atlantic Ocean; Thomas Washington; Western Pacific Ocean; Wet chemistry
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 374 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kelvin–Helmholtz instability of magnetized plasma with polytropic pressure laws (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 625-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) instability of two fluids of a plasma, streaming in opposite directions with the same velocity and in the presence of an external magnetic field, is investigated. The external magnetic field in both fluids are in different directions. The usual magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with anisotropic pressures are considered. The generalized pressure relation is used and two equations of state for two pressures are taken up in the problem. The equations are linearized and initially two different flow velocities are taken for the system. The problem is solved and a dispersion relation is obtained. It is found that the instability condition for the static configuration depends on the polytropic index of the pressure relations. The condition of instability is further obtained for MHD and Chew–Goldberger–Low (CGL) systems. For the nonstatic streaming configuration it is also found that growth rate of K-H instability depends on various polytropic indices and magnetic field. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872780
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of rotation on the Rayleigh–Taylor instability of two superposed magnetized conducting plasma (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 2203-2209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The study of the Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability of two superposed conducting fluids acted upon by a uniform horizontal magnetic field is discussed. The usual magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, with modifications to include the effect of finite Larmor radius corrections (FLR) and rotation, are taken for the description of the problem. The fluid is assumed to be dusty, and dust in the form of suspended particles is considered. The equations of the problem are linearized, and using necessary boundary conditions, a general dispersion relation for the RT instability of two superposed plasma is obtained. The dispersion relation shows no contribution of the magnetic field on the condition of the RT instability. It is also found that rotation, FLR, and suspended particles do not affect the condition of the RT instability. The different special cases are discussed to find the effect of different parameters on the growth and condition of the RT instability. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872893
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-dependent morphology of three-dimensional InAs islands grown on silicon (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 1273-1275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of morphology of InAs islands on Si grown through Stranski–Krastanow mode is investigated by atomic force microscopy. Formation of islands in the range of 15–50 nm is observed for depositions at various temperatures for the same monolayer coverage. Growth temperatures between 400 and 425 °C are found to yield dense ensembles of islands with uniform dimensional distributions. Found to exhibit long-term stability, these islands undergo morphological transformation when annealed at temperatures above 700 °C. Ostwald ripening occurs in these islands through an enhanced surface diffusion mechanism at high annealing temperatures. The results of annealing experiments indicate surface diffusion being the dominant mechanism responsible for morphological changes in these island structures rather than the heterointerface diffusion. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124665
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of phosphorus and mulching on the efficiency of phosphorus use and productivity of wheat grown on a mountain Alfisol in the Western Himalayas (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 14 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A field experiment was conducted over two years in one of the mountain Alfisols of the Western Himalayas to study the effects of phosphorus and mulching on phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and productivity of wheat (cv. S-308) at difference growth stages. The source of phosphorus was single superphosphate at 0, 26, 52 and 78 kg P/ha whereas the sources of mulching materials were pine needles (Pinus longifolia), lantana weed (Lantana camara) at 8 t/ha and transparent polyethylene sheet compared with no mulch.The phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) at tillering, flowering and harvesting was greatest at the lowest dose of P and decreased as the P levels were increased. However, the increased levels of P up to 78 kg/ha, significantly improved the dry matter yield at tillering stage (30%) and flowering stage (93%) and also the grain yield (139%) and straw yield (148%) at the harvest stage. The application of mulching materials in general, and polyethylene in particular, significantly increased the phosphorus use efficiency and the productivity of wheat by 27% at tillering stage; 17% at flowering stage, and by 98 and 110% in the case of grain and straw yield at harvest stage.Although the polyethylene mulch effect was physically superior to the other materials, the latter gave greater financial returns. Consequently, the economic optimum application of P in association with 8 t/ha of lantana mulch was found to be 53 kg/ha over two years, whereas, in the absence of mulching, it was 58 kg/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1998.tb00606.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular markers and their applications in wheat breeding (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In recent years, considerable emphasis has been placed on the development of molecular markers to be used for a variety of objectives. This review attempts to give an account of different molecular markers—restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), sequence-tagged sites (STS), DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellites (STMS)—currently available for genome mapping and for tagging different traits in wheat. Other markers, including microsatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (MP-PCR), expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are also discussed. Recent information on synteny in cereal genomes, marker-assisted selection, marker validation and their relevance to cereal breeding in general and wheat breeding in particular are also examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.00401.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low level of polymorphism detected by SSR probes in bread wheat (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 117 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In-gel hybridization patterns were studied in a set of nine diverse bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) genotypes using 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) probes in combination with 14 different restriction enzymes. Multilocus fingerprints due to SSR probes, shown earlier to be characteristic of a majority of plant genomes, were not obtained and only a very low level of polymorphism was detected when using as many as 142 probe-enzyme combinations. The hybridization of a prominent solitary high molecular weight fragment (〉 23 kb) with a number of SSR probes suggested the presence of these SSRs (microsatellites) within the long stretches of repeated DNA sequences. This indicates that the genome of bread wheat differs from that of other plants in the organization and distribution of SSRs and that SSR probes detect very little polymorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01476.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GRAPHICAL EVALUATION OF MAGNETIC AND GRAVITY ATTRACTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL BODIES (1967)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 15 (1967), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A nomogram is presented which enables evaluation of the components of magnetic attraction of a homogeneous finite rectangular prism, and of gravitational attraction due to a uniform rectangular lamina.In practice any three-dimensional body could be approximated by a number of right rectangular prisms of varying dimensions governed by the shape of the body. The magnetic attraction of the whole body is then obtained by numerical summation of the effects of the constituent prisms.For evaluating the gravitational effect, the cross-section of the body corresponding to each elevation contour is approximated by a number of rectangular laminae (or by a stepping polygon) the attraction of which can be determined with the aid of the same nomogram. The total gravitational attraction of the body is obtained by a process of graphical integration along the vertical axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1967.tb01780.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic approach to in vitro regeneration of non-regenerating cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Cotton ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Somatic embryogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Selections were made among individual plants of Gossypium hirsutum cv `Coker 310' for high-frequency in vitro regeneration by somatic embryogenesis. After three generations of selection, a pure line for high-frequency somatic embryogenesis was selected and named Coker 310 FR (FR, fully regenerating). Coker 310 FR could be regenerated by following previously published protocols (see Materials and methods) and a modified protocol developed in this study that reduced the time necessary for in vitro regeneration. Coker 310 FR was crossed with individual plants of major cotton cultivars grown in India, namely `MCU 5', `MCU 7', `Khandwa 2', `Bikaneri Nerma', `F 846' that have been shown to be recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration, to evaluate the regeneration potential of F1s. All the F1s showed regeneration by somatic embryogenesis. However, the F1 of G. barbadense×G. hirsutum Coker 310 FR did not regenerate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050532
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