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  • Springer  (16)
  • Sage Publications
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1970-1974  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of intra-natural killer complex (NKC) recombinant and congenic mouse strains for mapping and functional analysis of NK cell regulatory loci (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 238-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050486
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) olfactory receptors to selected alcohol odorants and their binary combinations (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 180 (1997), S. 701-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Olfaction  ;  Odor discrimination  ; Mixture perception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cockroach is known to possess several morphologically distinct types of sensilla on its antenna, each of which contain a couple or a few receptor cells that respond to an array of compounds. We recorded the response of cells exclusively from one type of sensillum to evaluate the variation in the response of the cells in these sensilla to three closely related alcohols and their binary mixtures. Our results indicate that cells within the class of those responsive to aliphatic alcohols are otherwise variable in their response to particular aliphatic alcohols and not easily classifiable into subclasses. They also indicate that patterns of responses among cells are not robust with respect to concentration. Finally, a considerable level of inhibition is indicated in the response of the receptor cells to binary mixtures compared with the response to pure odorants. The data suggest that discrimination of alcohols (and other odorants of general but not special significance) by the cockroach cannot be understood simply in terms of labeled lines or linear filters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050084
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population dynamics and harvesting of semelparous species with phenotypic and genotypic variability in reproductive age (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 33 (1995), S. 521-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Population dynamics modeling ; Evolutionarily stable strategies ; Polymorphic life histories ; Age-at-maturity ; Harvesting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We study the evolution of polymorphic life histories in anadromous semelparous salmon and the effects of harvesting. We derive dynamic phenotypic and genetic ESS models for describing the evolutionary dynamics. We show in our deterministic analysis that polymorphisms are not possible in a panmictic random mating population. Instead, genetic or behavioral polymorphisms may be observed in populations with assortative mating systems. Positive assortative mating may be supported and generated by behavioral and phenotypic traits like male mate choice, spawning ground selection by phenotype, or within-river homing-migration-distance by size. In the case of an evolutionarily stable dimorphism, the ESS is characterized by a reproductive ideal free distribution such that at an equilibrium the individuals are indifferent from the fitness point of view between the two life histories of early and late reproduction. Different strategy models - that is, phenotypic and genetic ESS models - yield identical behavioral predictions and, consequently, genetics does not seem to play an important role in the present model. An evolutionary response to increased fishing mortality is obvious and may have resource management implications. High sea fishing mortalities drive the populations toward early spawning. Thus it is possible that unselective harvesting at sea may eliminate, depending on the biological system, behavioral polymorphisms or genetic heterozygozity and drive the population to a monomorphic one. If within-river homing migration distances depend on the size of fish, unselective harvesting at sea, or selective harvesting of spawning runs in rivers, may reduce local population sizes on spawning grounds high up rivers. Finally, harvesting in a population may cause a switch in a dominant life-history strategy in a population so that anticipated sustainable yields cannot be realized in practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163041
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A correlative ultrastructural and enzymatic study of cotyledonary microbodies following germination of fat-storing seeds (1970)
    Springer
    Planta 93 (1970), S. 269-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sunflower, cucumber, and tomato cotyledons, which contain microbodies in both the early lipid-degrading and the later photosynthetic stages of post-germinative growth, were processed for electron microscopy according to conventional procedures and examined 1, 4 and 7 days after germination. Homogenates of sunflower cotyledons were assayed for enzymes characteristic of glyoxysomes and leaf peroxisomes (both of which are defined morphologically as microbodies) at stages corresponding to the fixations for electron microscopy. The particulate nature of these enzymes was demonstrated by differential and equilibrium density centrifugation, making it possible to relate them to the microbodies seen in situ. One day after germination, the microbodies are present as small organelles among large numbers of protein and lipid storage bodies; the cell homogenate contains catalase but no detectable isocitrate lyase (characteristic of glyoxysomes) or glycolic acid oxidase (characteristic of leaf peroxisomes). 4 days after germination, numerous microbodies (glyoxysomes) are in extensive and frequent contact with lipid bodies. The microbodies often have cytoplasmic invaginations. At this stage the cells are rapidly converting lipids to carbohydrates, and the homogenate has high isocitrate lyase activity. 7 days after germination, microbodies (peroxisomes) are appressed to chloroplasts and frequently squeezed between them in the green photosynthetic cells. The homogenate at this stage has substantial glycolic acid oxidase activity but a reduced level of isocitrate lyase. It is yet to be determined whether the peroxisomes present at day 7 are derived from preexisting glyoxysomes or arise as a separate population of organelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of microbodies and peroxisomal enzymes in achlorophyllous leaves (1972)
    Springer
    Planta 105 (1972), S. 114-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Several types of leaves of leaf parts lacking chlorophyll were fixed and embedded according to conventional procedures and examined electron-microscopically for microbodies. Comparisons of relative abundance of microbodies, plastids and mitochondria were made by computing the average numbers of organelle profiles per cell section. Similar leaves were homogenized and assayed for three enzymes characteristic of leaf peroxisomes. The localization of these enzymes in microbodies was indicated for the achlorophyllous tissues by the positive result obtained when 3,3′-diaminobenzidine was used as an electron cytochemical stain for catalase activity. Microbodies were present in all non-photosynthetic leaves or leaf parts examined, including yellowish-white segments of variegated leaves, albino leaves, and etiolated leaves of two species. In several cases, the numbers of microbody profiles per cell section were as great in the achlorophyllous leaves as in the chlorophyllous. The levels of peroxisomal enzyme activity in the yellowish-white leaves were substantial, although often not as high as in the green leaves. It was concluded that enzymatically these microbodies are probably similar to the peroxisomes characterized from chlorophyllous leaves. In the absence of the photosynthetic product, glycolate, however, it seems unlikely that the organelle is performing the same functions as in green leaves. It is also apparent that the initial formation of peroxisomes in leaves can occur when neither light nor a photosynthate such as glycolate is present as an inducer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385572
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOK REVIEW: Classical Electrodynamics, by John David Jackson (1999)
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 29 (1999), S. 133-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018821305089
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host-parasite dynamics and the evolution of host immunity and parasite fecundity strategies (1997)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 59 (1997), S. 427-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We explore evolutionarily stable co-evolution of host-macroparasite interactions in a discrete-time two-species population dynamics model, in which the dynamics may be stable, cyclic or chaotic. The macroparasites are assumed to harm host individuals through decreased reproductive output. Hosts may develop costly immune responses to defend themselves against parasites. Parasites compete with conspecifics by adjusting their fecundities. Overall, the presence of both parasites and the immune response in hosts produces more stable dynamics and lower host population sizes than that observed in the absence of the parasites. In our evolutionary analyses, we show that maximum parasite fecundity is always an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), irrespective of the type of population interaction, and that maximum parasite fecundity generally induces a minimum parasite population size through over-exploitation of the host. Phenotypic polymorphisms with respect to immunity in the host species are common and expected in ESS host strategies: the benefits of immunication depend on the frequency of the immune hosts in the population. In particular, the steady-state proportions of immune hosts depend, in addition to all the parameters of the parasite dynamics only on the cost of immunity and on the virulence of parasites in susceptible hosts. The implicit ecological dynamics of the host-parasite interaction affect the proportion of immune host individuals in the population. Furthermore, when changes in certain population parameters cause the dynamics of the host-parasite interaction to move from stability to cyclicity and then to chaos, the proportion of immune hosts tends to decrease; however, we also detected counter-examples to this result. As a whole, incorporating immunological and genetic aspects, as well as life-history trade-offs, into host-macroparasite dynamics produces a rich extension to the patterns observed in the models of ecological interactions and epidemics, and deserves more attention than is currently the case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459459
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic analysis of the 5′- and 3′-flanking regions of the NADH-dependent hydroxypyruvate reductase gene from Cucumis sativus L. (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 28 (1995), S. 821-836 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cucumber ; light-regulated gene expression ; NADH-dependent hydroxypyruvate reductase ; organ-specific gene expression ; peroxisome ; photorespiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 5′- and 3′-flanking regions of HPRA, a cucumber gene that encodes hydroxypyruvate reductase, were evaluated for regulatory activity with respect to light responsiveness and organ specificity. To define the functional regions of the 5′-flanking region of HPRA, a series of deletions was generated and the remaining portions fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (uidA) containing a minimal 35S promoter truncated at −90. The region from −66 to +39 was found to be necessary for light-regulated expression of the uidA reporter gene, while the region from −382 to −67 was found to be necessary for its leaf-specific expression. Further deletion of the HPRA 5′ flanking region to −590 resulted in high levels of root expression, suggesting the presence of a negative regulatory element responsible for silencing root expression of the HPRA gene between −590 and −383. The 3′-flanking region of the HPRA gene downstream of the polyadenylation site contains several sequence motifs resembling regulatory elements present in the promoters of several light-responsive genes. An 823 bp portion of the HPRA 3′-flanking region containing these putative regulatory elements enhanced GUS expression in leaves when placed downstream of the uidA reporter gene in the forward orientation, but not in the reverse orientation. When placed 5′ of the −90 35S promoter, the 823 bp fragment enhanced slightly, independently of orientation, the root tip-specific expression pattern intrinsic to the −90 35S promoter, indicating that in some cases this region can act as a transcriptional enhancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042068
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of DNA-binding proteins with the 5′-flanking region of a cytokinin-responsive cucumber hydroxypyruvate reductase gene (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 713-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cucumber ; cytokinin-responsive ; DNA-binding proteins ; hydroxypyruvate reductase ; transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transcription of the cucumber hpr-A gene is responsive to cytokinin and light. To investigate the molecular basis for transcriptional regulation by cytokinin, we have identified DNA sequences and proteins that may be involved in the regulation of hpr-A gene expression. Transient expression assays in etiolated cucumber cotyledons indicate that the 315 bp fragment (−382 to −67) contains sequences necessary for cytokinin responsiveness of the luciferase reporter gene. Band shift assays detected cytokinin-enhanced and -reduced protein binding sites in a 97 bp fragment (−382 to −285) upstream of the hpr-A gene. DNase I footprinting identified two protein-protected sites, a 15 bp sequence, 5′-AAATGACGAAAATGC-3′, that contains an as-1 TGACG motif found in other plant promoters, and a 13 bp sequence, 5′-AAGATTGATTGAG-3′, of unknown function. Two-dimensional band shift analysis of the cytokinin-responsive DNA protein complex revealed the presence of six DNA protein interactions. Band shift assays showed that cytokinin and light have different effects on the interaction of nuclear proteins to the 97 bp fragment of the hpr-A gene. These data suggest that cytokinin and light do not share identical signal transduction pathways in regulating hpr-A gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006034932322
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    G. R. Carmichael, G. E. Folk and J. L. Schnoor (eds.): 1995, Preparing for Global Change: A Midwestern Perspective (1997)
    Springer
    Climatic change 37 (1997), S. 569-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005330330263
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