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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (4,489)
  • 1980-1984  (4,489)
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Keywords
Publisher
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwaves (2,450 MHz) suppress murine natural killer cell activity (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 4 (1983), S. 371-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: 2,450 MHz ; microwaves ; natural killer cells ; macrophages ; mice ; lymphocytes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of 2,450-MHz CW microwaves on natural killer (NK) cell activity and lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogen stimulation was studied in mice. Groups of mice were irradiated at power densities of 5, 15, or 30 mW/cm2 (SAR = 3.5, 10.5, and 21 W/kg respectively) for 1.5 h on 2 or 9 consecutive days. NK cell activity was determined using an in vitro 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay and an in vivo tumor-cell clearance assay. No consistent change was observed in the mitogen response of spleen cells from sham compared with irradiated mice. A significant suppression of NK cell activity measured in vitro was observed for mice irradiated at 30 mW/cm2, but not at 15 or 5 mW/cm2. A significant suppression of NK cell activity, as determined using the in vivo tumor clearance assay, was also observed at 30 mW/cm2. NK cell activity, as determined using the in vitro assay, returned to normal within 24 h following the last irradiation. Treatment of mice with hydrocortisone caused suppression of NK cell activity measured in vitro and in vivo. Paradoxically, peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis was enhanced following irradiation at 30 mW/cm2, the power density at which NK activity was suppressed. The possible role that microwave heating plays in producing these effects is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250040408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization from the vapor phase. I. Poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) gas barrier coatings (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1391-1405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An atmospheric-pressure, vapor-phase polymerization technique was used to deposit thin(1-10 μm) poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) coatings onto polyester film and other sheet substrates. A minimum deposition temperature of 170°C, was found to be critical. When substrate temperatures were below 170°C, coatings were loosely adhered, powdery, and of low molecular weight; above 170°C, coherent, well-adhered, high molecular weight coatings were obtained. These vapor-deposited coatings exhibited exceptionally good oxygen barrier properties and were found to consist of fused 0.1-μm particulates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the top surfaces of these coatings clearly revealed their particulate origin. Similar evidence was also obtained from SEM examination of fracture surfaces and transmission electron microscopy of microtomed sections. The coalescence of these coatings was demonstrated by SEM of plasma-etched surfaces and oxygen permeability information. The uniplanar orientation of the polymer crystals in these multiparticulate coatings was strong evidence for the epitaxial growth of the crystals.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250713
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface properties determine bioadhesive outcomes: Methods and results (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 337-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This investigation developed experimental evidence for the influence of different surface energy states on tissue incorporation of biomedical materials. Implants of two smooth metals, each with three different surface energy states, were placed in the subdermal fascial plane of the backs of New Zealand White rabbits and were allowed healing times of 10 and 20 days. The implant surfaces were thoroughly characterized by physical-chemical criteria prior to surgical placement and again following removal from the tissue capsules generated by the host animals. Quantitative histopathologic analysis, using standard morphometric criteria, of the adjacent tissues revealed up to a threefold increase of fibroblastic-fibrocytic cells against the initially scrupulously cleaned, high-surface-energy materials. The cells were flattened and active, producing tenacious bonds through a thin pre-adsorbed protein-dominated “conditioning” film, that could be broken only by cohesive failure in the tissue itself. In contrast, the lower-surface-energy materials typical of standard dental implants were “walled off” by a cell-poor, nonadhesive capsule with a fibrous interface separated from a thicker “conditioning” film by a lipid-rich mucus zone. The advantages of proper surface treatment to favor the desired degree of biological adhesion are apparent.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820180404
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An accurate scalar potential finite element method for linear, two-dimensional magnetostatics problems (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 19 (1983), S. 725-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We have assessed the accuracy of a commercially available computer software package for finite element method calculations of magnetostatic fields. The computer program, MSC/NASTRAN,Available from the MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation, Los Angeles, CA 90041, U.S.A. is well known for its wide applicability in structural analysis and heat transfer problems. We exploit the fact that the differential equations of magnetostatics are identical to those for heat transfer if the magnetic field problem is formulated with the reduced scalar potential.1 Consequently, the powerful, optimized numerical routines of NASTRAN can immediately be applied to two- and three-dimensional linear magneto-statics problems. Application of the NASTRAN reduced scalar potential approach to a ‘worst case’ two-dimensional problem for which an analytic solution is available has yielded much better accuracy than was recently reported2 for a reduced scalar potential calculation using a different finite element program. Furthermore, our method exhibits completely satisfactory performance with regard to computational expense and accuracy for a linear electromagnet with an air gap. Our analysis opens the way for large three-dimensional magnetostatics calculations at far greater economy than is possible with the more commonly used vector potential and boundary integral methods.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620190507
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular concentration of elements in normal and dystrophic skeletal muscles of the chicken (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 103 (1980), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this study, the intracellular concentrations of six elements (mmole/kg dry weight) were directly measured in the muscle fibers of pectoralis major muscles of eight week old, genetically dystrophic and normal chickens by the X-ray microanalysis technique. The extent of muscle degeneration was evaluated by morphometric measurements of muscle fiber diameter and other histological changes. A significant increase in the concentration of intracellular sodium and chlorine was evident in dystrophic muscles. The concentration of intracellular sodium was 127.0 ± 35.0 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic chicks compared to 65.7 ± 16.5 in normal controls. The concentration of chlorine was 90.5 ± 27.5 and 54.1 ± 5.5 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic and normal chicks respectively. The intracellular concentrations of potassium, magnesium, phosphorous, and sulfur remained unchanged in the dystrophic condition. Morphometric studies revealed that the dystrophic pectoralis muscles contain fewer but thicker fibers per unit area compared to normal pectoralis muscles. The importance of these findings are discussed in relation to the results of earlier investigations.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041030204
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative Procedures for Preparing HMX (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 6 (1981), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three new procedures are described for preparing HMX from hexamine, each involving acetylation followed by nitrolysis. One of these  -  involving DADN as intermediate  -  gives a better yield of HMX than the established Bachmann process on the basis of hexamine and acetic anhydride, but involves the use of sulfuric and polyphosphoric acids, which are not required in the Bachmann approach. It was shown that DADN can be produced rapidly and continuously on a pilot scale in good yields, and that spent acid recovery involves no unusual problems.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19810060304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the Editor (1980)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 26 (1980), S. 333-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690260241
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raw materials evaluation and process development studies for conversion of biomass to sugars and ethanolThis paper was prepared for presentation at the Second Annual Symposium on Fuels from Biomass, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 20-22 June 1978. This work was done with support from the Department of Energy. Any conclusions or opinions expressed in this report represent solely those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory nor of the Department of Energy. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 163-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A range of cellulosic raw materials in the form of agricultural crop residue was analyzed for chemical composition and assessed for potential yields of sugars through chemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of these materials. Corn stover was used as a representative raw material for a preliminary process design and economic assessment of the production of sugars and ethanol. With the process as presently developed, 24 gal ethanol can be obtained per ton of corn stover at a processing cost of about $1.80/gal exclusive of by-product credits. The analysis shows the cost of ethanol to be highly dependent upon: (1) the cost of the biomass, (2) the extent of conversion to glucose, (3) enzyme recovery and production cost, and (4) potential utilization of xylose. Significant cost reduction appears possible through further research in these directions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Five-year perspective of the large-scale growth of mammalian cells in suspension culture (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2717-2735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Cell Culture Center at the University of Alabama in Birmingham was set up to produce large quantities of cells and their products from suspension cultured cell lines. This system has now been in operation for over five years and has been effective in producing large quantities of mammalian cells of murine and human origin. This article describes the system and some growth parameters which have been of importance for large-scale mammalian cell growth.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231207
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production and use of swine vesicular disease virus from pig kidney monolayer cells grown on the surface of 3-mm-diameter glass spheres (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 245-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240121
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