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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-3263
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6904
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 116 (1985), S. 789-799 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Chirality function ; Chromatographic resolution ; Circular dichroism ; Configurational correlation ; Ligand parameters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Several optically active title compounds were obtained from the 4′-acetyl-4-carboxylic acid2 or the 4,4′-diacetyl derivative4. (−)-2 was accessible by optical resolutionvia its (−)-α-phenethylamine salts, (+)- and (−)-4 as well as the enantiomeric methylesters3 (of2) were obtained by chromatography on triacetylcellulose in ethanol. The enantiomeric purities were established either from the chromatographic results or from the1H-NMR spectra of the phenethyl-amine saltes (via the diastereotopic acetyl protons). The chirality (−)-(2R) was deduced for all new compounds from a chemical correlation between (−)-2 and (−)-4 and on the basis of the CD spectra of the latter and of (−)-(2R)-17 of known absolute configuration. From the molar rotations of these 4,4′-disubstituted 2,2′-spirobiindanes (empirical) ligand parameters λ were determined which for some cases gave good results in the calculation of the rotations (using the “shortened Ansatz”). These results are briefly discussed especially in comparison with 5,5′-disubstituted 2,2′-spirobiindanes.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 116 (1985), S. 661-676 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobenzo[f]indane and derivatives ; Mono- and bisanellation ; 2,2′-Spirobiindane ; 1H-nmr and mass spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The title compounds26 and32 were prepared by systematic mono- and bisanellation of sixmembered rings to the positions 5,6 and 5′,6′, resp. of 2,2′-spirobiindane.S E acylation and subsequent transformations of the acylgroups afforded many derivatives with substituents in positions 4 and 4′ of the parent compounds which were required for testing semiempirical values of chirality functions. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobenz[f]indane (9) and several of its 4-substituted derivatives were prepared as models for the anellation and substitution reactions. Tentative preferred conformations of the 4-acylgroups could be deduced from1H-nmr spectra.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Bijvoet method ; Circular dichroism ; Chemical and chiroptical correlation ; Configurational stability ; [10]Anulene, 2-Bromo- and 2,7-dibromo-1,6-methano- and 2,7-dibromo-1,6-oxido- and 1,6-imino- ; 2,9-Dibromo-syn-1,6:8,13-diimino- and dioxido[14]anulene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 2,7-Dibrom-1,6-methano[10]anulen (3) und 2,9-Dibrom-syn-1,6:8,13-diimino[14]anulen (9) wurden durch Chromatographie an Triacetylcellulose (TAC) in Ethanol quantitativ in ihre Enantiomeren getrennt. Röntgenstruktur-analyse (Bijvoet-Technik) bewies für die rechtsdrehenden Enantiomeren die Chiralität (+)(R)-3 bzw. (+)(S)-9. Ein Vergleich der CD-Spektren ermöglichte die Konfigurationszuordnung weiterer optisch aktiver [10]- und [14]Anulene, die gleichfalls durch Chromato-graphie anTAC erhalten worden waren. Umwandlung von (+)(R)-2-Brom-1,6-methano[10]anulen (2) in den entsprechenden Methylester (−)-4 bestätigte dessen schon früher vorgeschlagene Chiralität (−)(R). Dibrom-1,6-oxido[10]anulen (7) und Dibrom-diimino[14]anulen (9) sind im Gegensatz zum Dioxido[14]anulen (10) bis 250°C optisch stabil. Ihre Inver-sionsbarrieren liegen somit über ∼ 42 kcal (176kJ) mol−1. Die CD-Spektren von mono- und disubstituierten Anulenen (mit C1 bzw. C2-Symmetrie) werden verglichen: Für die [10]Anulene scheint derCottoneffekt um 330 nm konfigurationsspezifisch zu sein, wobei ein positiver Effekt (S)-Chiralität anzeigt — und vice versa. Einige Regelmäßigkeiten bezüglich der chromatographischen Enantiomerentrennung werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract 2,7-Dibromo-1,6-methano[10]anulene (3) and 2,9-Dibromo-syn-1,6:8,13-diimino[14]anulene (9) were quantitatively separated into their enantiomers by chromatography on triacetylcellulose (TAC) in ethanol. X-ray structure analysis (Bijvoet technique) established the chiralities (+)(R)-3 and (+)(S)-9 for the dextrorotatory enantiomers. Comparison of the CD spectra allowed the configurational assignment to further optically active [10] and [14] anulenes which were also accessible by chromatography onTAC. Conversion of (+)(R)-2-bromo-1,6-methano[10]anulene (2) into the corresponding methylester (−)-4 confirmed its previously proposed chirality (−)(R). 2,7-Dibromo-1,6-oxido[10]anulene (7) and 2,9-dibromo-syn-diimino[14]anulene (9) are in contrast to the 2,9-dibromo-syn-dioxido[14]anulene (10) optically stable until 250°C. Consequently their inversion barriers are higher than ∼ 42 kcal (176 kJ) mol−1. The CD spectra of mono and disubstituted anulenes (with C1 and C2 symmetry, resp.) are compared: For the [10]anulenes theCotton effect around 330 nm seems to be specific for their configuration with a positive effect indicating (S)-chirality and vice versa. Some regularities concerning the chromatographic resolutions are discussed.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Triacetylcellulose, optical resolution on- ; Circular dichroism ; Optical comparison ; Octant rule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The title compound1 was resolved into enantiomers by medium-pressure liquid chromatography on microcrystalline triacetylcellulose in ethanol. After four cycles pure enantiomers were obtained ([α] D 20 + and — 330°, resp., in ethanol) and their circular dichroism spectra recorded. From optical comparison with structurally related thujane derivatives and by applying the octant rule, for (—)-1 the chirality (7R, 9R) was deduced.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 117 (1986), S. 883-886 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Residual diastereomers ; Torsional barrier ; Complexation with hexacarbonylchromium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Komplexierung von Bis(2,4-dimethyl-6-tert.butyl)keton mit Hexacarbonylchrom liefert eine Mischung von zwei diastereomeren Monokomplexen im Verhältnis von 5 : 1. Sie können durch Chromatographie an Kieselgel getrennt werden und stellen somit stabile Torsionsisomere (=isolierbare Restdiastereomere) dar.
    Notes: Abstract Complexation of bis(2,4-dimethyl-6-tert.butyl)ketone with chromium hexacarbonyl yields a mixture of two diastereomeric mono complexes in a ratio of 5 : 1. They can be separated by chromatography on silica gel at room temperature thus representing stable torsional isomers (isolable residual diastereomers).
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Bijvoet method, Chemical and chiroptical correlation ; Circular dichroism ; Enantioselective chromatography ; 10,10′-Dibromo-2,2′-bi(1,6-methano[10]annulenyl) ; Torsional isomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die absolute Chiralität des rechtsdrehenden (als Hauptmenge im Gemisch vorliegenden) Rotamers von 10,10′-Dibrom-2,2′-bi(1,6-methano[10]annulenyl) (1 b) (erhältlich durch Tieftemperatur-Chromatographie oder Kristallisation des (+)-Enantiomers von1 b) wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Bijvoet-Methode) als (+)-(R) p (R) a (R) p ermittelt. Dieses Ergebnis konnte durch Reduktion von (+)-1 b bestätigt werden: Sie führte zu einem rechtsdrehenden 2,2′-Bi(1,6-methano[10]annulenyl) (1 a), das seinerseits durch Kupplung von (−)-2-Brom-1,6-methano[10]annulen (3) bekannter Chiralität (S) p erhalten wurde (und auch durch enantioselektive Chromatographie von1 a an Triacetylcellulose in Ethanol zugänglich ist). Diese Korrelation legt auch die Chiralität des (+)-Enantiomers von racem.1 a als (S) p (S) p fest. Nach den Röntgenstrukturanalysen des (Haupt)-Rotationsisomers von (+)-1 b und der Mesoform (2 b) liegen im Kristall Konformere vor, in denen die Bromatome den CH2-Brücken nahekommen. Die Torsionswinkel um die 2,2′-Bindung variieren von 33° über 53° bis 65° für (+)-1 b, racem.1 b und meso2 b.
    Notes: Summary The absolute chirality of the dextrorotatory main rotamer of 10,10′-dibromo-2,2′-bi(1,6-methano[10]annulenyl) (1 b), obtained by low temperature chromatography or by crystallisation of the (+)-enantiomer of1 b, was established by observation of anomalous X-ray diffraction as (+)-(R) p (R) a (R) p -1b. This result was confirmed by reduction of (+)-1 b to a dextrorotatory 2,2′-bi(1,6-methano[10]annulenyl) (1 a), which in turn was accessible by coupling of (−)-2-Bromo-1,6-methano[10]annulene (3) of known chirality (S) p and, moreover, by enantioselective chromatography of1 a on triacetyl cellulose in ethanol. This correlation determines also the chirality of (+)-1 a as (S) p (S) p . According to the X-ray analyses the main rotamer of (+)-1 b and the meso-form (2 b) adopt crystal structures in which the bromine atoms come close to the CH2-bridges. The torsional angles around the 2,2′-bonds vary between 33°, 53° and 65° for (+)-1 b, racem.1 b and the mesoform2 b, respectively.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Enantiomeric purity ; Absolute chirality ; Recycling chromatography on triacetylcellulose ; Transition state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Reduktion von acht Arylketonen mit chiralen Borankomplexen aus (−)(S)-2,2′-Dihydroxy-1,1′-binapthyl und BH3 ·THF oder BH3 · (CH3)2S lieferte (mit einer Ausnahme) optisch aktive (R)-Alkohole mit optischen Ausbeuten bis zu 54%. In zwei Fällen führte Zusatz aromatischer Amine zu einer signifikanten Erhöhung von e.e. unter gleichzeitiger Konfigurationsumkehr (R zuS). Modelle für einen möglichen Übergangszustand werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract Reduction of eight aryl ketones with borane complexes containing (−)(S)-2,2′dihydroxy-1,1′-binapthyl as a chiral auxiliary yielded (with one exception) (R)-alcohols with enantiomeric purities up to 54% (as determined with chiral NMR-shift reagents and/or by enantioselective chromatography on triacetyl-cellulose). In two cases addition of aromatic amines caused a significant increase of e.e. together with a reversal of the absolute chirality (fromR toS). Models for a possible transition state are discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 117 (1986), S. 1423-1435 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Triacetylcellulose ; Optical resolution ; Chiroptical properties ; Absolute chiralities ; Photochemical ligand exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im 4,5-Dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthren-tricarbonylchrom-Komplex (1) wurde eine CO-Gruppe photochemisch gegen CS (2) oder P(C6H5)3 (3) ausgetauscht. Die Trennung aller vier möglichen Stereoisomeren [(R) m (R) b /(S) m (S) b und (R) m (S) b /(S) m (R) b ] der Komplexe1–3 erfolgte in zwei chromatographischen Schritten: Zuerst wurden die Enantiomeren an Triacetylcellulose und anschließend die beiden (exo/endo) Epimeren durch Mitteldruckchromatographie bei tiefen Temperaturen getrennt. Die Konfigurationen konnten auf Grund der CD-Spektren und der1H-NMR-Spektren zugeordnet werden; diese Methoden dienten auch zum Studium der Kinetik der Inversion um die Biphenylbindung (exo/endo-Isomerisierung): Die entsprechenden Rotationsbarrieren werden durch den Austausch von CO gegen CS oder selbst gegen P(C6H5)3 kaum geändert. Dieexo- undendo-Isomeren von1 und2 fallen in gleichen Mengen an, während im sterisch gehinderten Komplex3 dieexo-Form zu 80% überwiegt.
    Notes: Abstract One CO group of the dimethyldihydrophenanthrene mono-Cr(CO)3 complex (1) was photochemically substituted for CS (2) or P(C6H5)3 (3). Separation of all four possible stereoisomers [(R) m (R) b /(S) m (S) b and (R) m (S) b /(S) m (R) b ] of the complexes1–3 was accomplished by two successive chromatographic steps: Separation of the enantiomers on triacetylcellulose was followed by MPLC at low temperatures to yield both epimers (exo andendo). Their configurational assignment is based on optical comparison of the CD-spectra and on1H-NMR-spectroscopy. The kinetics of the biphenyl flip were followed by CD and NMR. The results revealed that the rotational barriers around the biphenyl bond are hardly altered by the substitution of CO for CS or even P(C6H5)3. Whereasexo andendo-isomers of1 and2 are obtained in appr. equal amounts, in the more crowded complex3 theexo-isomer predominates over theendo-form by 80:20%.
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