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  • 1
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    A higher order theory of laminated composite cylindrical shells (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A new higher order theory has been proposed for the analysis of composite cylindrical shells. The formulation allows for arbitrary variation of inplane displacements. Governing equations are presented in the form of a hierarchy of sets of partial differential equations. Each set describes the shell behavior to a certain degree of approximation. The natural frequencies of simply-supported isotropic and laminated shells and stresses in a ring loaded composite shell have been determined to various orders of approximation and compared with three dimensional solutions. These numerical studies indicate the improvements achievable in estimating the natural frequencies and the interlaminar shear stresses in laminated composite cylinders.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Aeronautical Society of India, Journal (ISSN 0001-9267); 38; 161-171
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    The influence of dynamic inflow and torsional flexibility on rotor damping in forward flight from symbolically generated equations (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The combined effects of blade torsion and dynamic inflow on the aeroelastic stability of an elastic rotor blade in forward flight are studied. The governing sets of equations of motion (fully nonlinear, linearized, and multiblade equations) used in this study are derived symbolically using a program written in FORTRAN. Stability results are presented for different structural models with and without dynamic inflow. A combination of symbolic and numerical programs at the proper stage in the derivation process makes the obtainment of final stability results an efficient and straightforward procedure.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL
    Type: Rotorcraft Dynamics 1984; p 221-240
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  • 3
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    Stall flutter analysis of propfans (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Three semi-empirical aerodynamic stall models are compared with respect to their lift and moment hysteresis loop prediction, limit cycle behavior, easy implementation, and feasibility in developing the parameters required for stall flutter prediction of advanced turbines. For the comparison of aeroelastic response prediction including stall, a typical section model and a plate structural model are considered. The response analysis includes both plunging and pitching motions of the blades. In model A, a correction of the angle of attack is applied when the angle of attack exceeds the static stall angle. In model B, a synthesis procedure is used for angles of attack above static stall angles, and the time history effects are accounted for through the Wagner function.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Lewis Structures Technology, 1988. Volume 1: Structural Dynamics; p 405-419
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  • 4
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    A Comparative Study of Some Dynamic Stall Models (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Three semi-empirical aerodynamic stall models are compared with respect to their lift and moment hysteresis loop prediction, limit cycle behavior, easy implementation, and feasibility in developing the parameters required for stall flutter prediction of advanced turbines. For the comparison of aeroelastic response prediction including stall, a typical section model and a plate structural model are considered. The response analysis includes both plunging and pitching motions of the blades. In model A, a correction to the angle of attack is applied when the angle of attack exceeds the static stall angle. In model B, a synthesis procedure is used for angles of attack above static stall angles and the time history effects are accounted through the Wagner function. In both models the life and moment coefficients for angle of attack below stall are obtained from tabular data for a given Mach number and angle of attack. In model C, referred to an the ONERA model, the life and moment coefficients are given in the form of two differential equations, one for angles below stall, and the other for angles above stall. The parameters of those equations are nonlinear functions of the angle of attack.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-TM-88917 , E-3342 , NAS 1.15:88917
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  • 5
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    Symbolic generation of elastic rotor blade equations using a FORTRAN processor and numerical study on dynamic inflow effects on the stability of helicopter rotors (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The process of performing an automated stability analysis for an elastic-bladed helicopter rotor is discussed. A symbolic manipulation program, written in FORTRAN, is used to aid in the derivation of the governing equations of motion for the rotor. The blades undergo coupled bending and torsional deformations. Two-dimensional quasi-steady aerodynamics below stall are used. Although reversed flow effects are neglected, unsteady effects, modeled as dynamic inflow are included. Using a Lagrangian approach, the governing equations are derived in generalized coordinates using the symbolic program. The program generates the steady and perturbed equations and writes into subroutines to be called by numerical routines. The symbolic program can operate on both expressions and matrices. For the case of hovering flight, the blade and dynamic inflow equations are converted to equations in a multiblade coordinate system by rearranging the coefficients of the equations. For the case of forward flight, the multiblade equations are obtained through the symbolic program. The final multiblade equations are capable of accommodating any number of elastic blade modes. The computer implementation of this procedure consists of three stages: (1) the symbolic derivation of equations; (2) the coding of the equations into subroutines; and (3) the numerical study after identifying mass, damping, and stiffness coefficients. Damping results are presented in hover and in forward flight with and without dynamic inflow effects for various rotor blade models, including rigid blade lag-flap, elastic flap-lag, flap-lag-torsion, and quasi-static torsion. Results from dynamic inflow effects which are obtained from a lift deficiency function for a quasi-static inflow model in hover are also presented.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: NASA-TM-86750 , A-85227 , NAS 1.15:86750
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  • 6
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    Analysis of an unswept propfan blade with a semiempirical dynamic stall model (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The time history response of a propfan wind tunnel model with dynamic stall is studied analytically. The response obtained from the analysis is compared with available experimental data. The governing equations of motion are formulated in terms of blade normal modes which are calculated using the COSMIC-NASTRAN computer code. The response analysis considered the blade plunging and pitching motions. The lift, drag and moment coefficients for angles of attack below the static stall angle are obtained from a quasi-steady theory. For angles above static stall angles, a semiempirical dynamic stall model based on a correction to angle of attack is used to obtain lift, drag and moment coefficients. Using these coefficients, the aerodynamic forces are calculated at a selected number of strips, and integrated to obtain the total generalized forces. The combined momentum-blade element theory is used to calculate the induced velocity. The semiempirical stall model predicted a limit cycle oscillation near the setting angle at which large vibratory stresses were observed in an experiment. The predicted mode and frequency of oscillation also agreed with those measured in the experiment near the setting angle.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-TM-4083 , E-4196 , NAS 1.15:4083
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  • 7
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    Numerical analysis of supersonic flow through oscillating cascade sections by using a deforming grid (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A finite difference code was developed for modeling inviscid, unsteady supersonic flow by solution of the compressible Euler equations. The code uses a deforming grid technique to capture the motion of the airfoils and can model oscillating cascades with any arbitrary interblade phase angle. A flat plate cascade is analyzed, and results are compared with results from a small-perturbation theory. The results show very good agreement for both the unsteady pressure distributions and the integrated force predictions. The reason for using the numerical Euler code over a small-perturbation theory is the ability to model real airfoils that have thickness and camber. Sample predictions are presented for a section of the rotor on a supersonic throughflow compressor designed at NASA Lewis Research Center. Preliminary results indicate that two-dimensional, flat plate analysis predicts conservative flutter boundaries.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 89-2805
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Aeroelastic analysis of prop fan blades with a semiempirical dynamic stall model (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The time-history response of a propfan wind-tunnel model with dynamic stall was studied analytically. The response obtained from the analysis was compared with available experimental data. The governing equations of motion were formulated in terms of blade normal modes calculated using the COSMIC-NASTRAN computer code. The response analysis considered the blade plunging and pitching motions. The lift, drag, and moment coefficients for angles of attack below the static stall angle were obtained from a quasi-steady theory. For angles above static stall angles, a semiempirical dynamic stall model based on a correction to the angle of attack was used to obtain lift, drag, and moment coefficients. Using these coefficients, the aerodynamic forces were calculated at a selected number of strips, and integrated to obtain the total generalized forces. The combined momentum-blade element theory was used to calculate the induced velocity. The semiempirical stall model predicted a limit cycle oscillation near the setting angle at which large vibratory stresses were observed in an experiment. The predicted mode and frequency of oscillation also agreed with those measured in the experiment near this setting angle. The results also correlated well with the other published data that used a semiempirical dynamic stall model based on a synthesized procedure.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 89-2695
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  • 9
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    The effects of rotational flow, viscosity, thickness, and shape on transonic flutter dip phenomena (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The transonic flutter dip phenomena on thin airfoils, which are employed for propfan blades, is investigated using an integrated Euler/Navier-Stokes code and a two degrees of freedom typical section structural model. As a part of the code validation, the flutter characteristics of the NACA 64A010 airfoil are also investigated. In addition, the effects of artificial dissipation models, rotational flow, initial conditions, mean angle of attack, viscosity, airfoil thickness and shape on flutter are investigated. The results obtained with a Euler code for the NACA 64A010 airfoil are in reasonable agreement with published results obtained by using transonic small disturbance and Euler codes. The two artificial dissipation models, one based on the local pressure gradient scaled by a common factor and the other based on the local pressure gradient scaled by a spectral radius, predicted the same flutter speeds except in the recovery region for the case studied. The effects of rotational flow, initial conditions, mean angle of attack, and viscosity for the Reynold's number studied seem to be negligible or small on the minima of the flutter dip.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-TM-100811 , E-3993 , NAS 1.15:100811 , AIAA PAPER 88-2348
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  • 10
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    Numerical analysis of supersonic flow through oscillating cascade sections by using a deforming grid (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A finite difference code was developed for modeling inviscid, unsteady supersonic flow by solution of the compressible Euler equations. The code uses a deforming grid technique to capture the motion of the airfoils and can model oscillating cascades with any arbitrary interblade phase angle. A flat plate cascade is analyzed, and results are compared with results from a small-perturbation theory. The results show very good agreement for both the unsteady pressure distributions and the integrated force predictions. The reason for using the numerical Euler code over a small-perturbation theory is the ability to model real airfoils that have thickness and camber. Sample predictions are presented for a section of the rotor on a supersonic throughflow compressor designed at NASA Lewis Research Center. Preliminary results indicate that two-dimensional, flat plate analysis predicts conservative flutter boundaries.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-102053 , E-4805 , NAS 1.15:102053 , AIAA PAPER 89-2805 , Joint Propulsion Conference; Jul 10, 1989 - Jul 12, 1989; Monterey, CA; United States
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