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  • 1985-1989  (300)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 24 (1985), S. 3158-3165 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 103 (1989), S. 359-363 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The photosynthesis of zooxanthellae in a coral polyp greatly enchances the calcification rate of a coral. However, the white tip of a coral branch is free of zooxanthellae yet still has a very high calcification rate. Furthermore, the reason for the difference is not clear. In this study, the amount of photopigment, total protein (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), ATP, and lipid in polyps from the white tip and brown stalk of a branch of stony coral were measured. Samples of Acropora hyacinthus and A. formosa were collected from southern Taiwan between 1985 and 1987. The results showed that the ATP concentration in polyps of the white tip was much higher than that in polyps of the brown stalk. Conversely, the amount of TP, TOC and measured lipids in polyps of the brown stalk were all higher than those of the white tip. It was the high concentration of ATP in cells that gave these polyp tips the vitality to sustain the energy requirements of such a rapid calification rate. Facilitated diffusion, due to the high metabolite gradient created by cell activity, could be the major driving force for the transport of photosynthetic product from stalk to tip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 141 (1985), S. 225-228 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium trifolii ; Aromatic metabolism in catechol 1,2-dioxygenase ; R. trifolii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase has been purified 46-fold from cells of Rhizobium trifolii TA1 grown on benzoate plus glucose. The dioxygenase had a molecular weight of 107,000 and a sub-unit molecular weight of 59,000. The enzyme had a K m of 2 μM for catechol and also cleaved 4-methylcatechol. The dioxygenase contained 2 g atoms of Fe3+ per mole of enzyme which could be removed by treatment with 1,10-phenanthroline, resulting in a complete loss of activity; reactivation of the enzyme occurred specifically with Fe3+.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 151 (1989), S. 520-523 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii ; Aromatic metabolism ; Mandelate ; 4-Hydroxymandelate ; Ketoadipate pathway
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii TA1 grows on 4-hydroxymandelate and enzymes involved in its catabolism are inducible. Strain TA1 does not grown on mandelate or cis, cis-muconate, but spontaneous mutants capable of growth on these substrates were isolated. Enzymes involved in mandelate degradation were also inducible. The presence of intermediates of the mandelate and hydroxymandelate pathways resulted in a significant decrease in some of the enzymes involved in their degradation. Succinate and acetate, end products of the pathways, and glucose caused reductions in the levels of enzymes in the mandelate and hydroxymandelate pathways.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 10 (1988), S. 1243-1248 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Impurity and defect levels ; Photoluminescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The temperature dependence of the emission intensity due to conduction band-to-neutral acceptor recombination (e-A0) is investigated in a GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As single quantum well. It is shown that the thermal quenching of the (e-A0) emission peak is not monotonous with temperature. The increase of the (e-A0) emission intensity up to about 30 K is interpreted as a consequence of the ionization of shallow donors, while the decrease in emission intensity at higher temperature is due to ionization of neutral acceptors.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 10 (1988), S. 1093-1114 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Interfaces ; PACS 71.35 ; Excitons and related phenomena (including electron-hole drops)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Sono state effettuate misure di fotoluminescenza, di fotoeccitazione e di riflettività, a varie temperature, su una serie di strutture a pozzi quantici GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As, cresciute con epitassia da fasci molecolari. I risultati della fotoluminescenza emessa nello strato depositato di GaAs sono analizzati e le sue proprietà ottiche sono collegate alle condizioni di crescita. Lo spostamento Stokes della riga di emissione dell'eccitone nel pozzo quantico è studiato in dipendenza delle varie condizioni di eccitazione. Si trova una considerevole diminuzione dello spostamento Stokes nel caso di eccitazione intensa e non risonante. Anche la fotoluminescenza estrinseca e la sua dipendenza dalla temperatura sono interpretate. Inoltre si mostra che gli effetti di temperatura su entrambi gli spettri del cristallo GaAs e del pozzo quantico chiariscono i ruoli del contributo eccitonico e delle transizioni interbanda.
    Abstract: Резюме Проведены измерения фотолюминесценции, фотолюминесценции возбуждения и козффициента отражения при различных температурах на образцах структур квантовых ям GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As, выраўенных с помощью эпитаксии молекулярного пучка. Анализируются некоторые данные по фотолюминесценции для буферных слоев GaAs для определения корреляции между оптическими свойствами и условиями выращивания. При различных условиях возбуждения исследуется сдвит Стокса линии испускания экситона на квантовых ямах. Наблюдается эаметное уменьшение сдвига Стокса в случае нерезонанснопо н интенсивного возбуждений. Также интерпретируются примесная фотолюминесценция и ее температурная зависимость. Показывается, что влияние температуры на обьемный спектр и спектр квантовых ям проясняет экситонные особенности и вклад межзонных переходов.
    Notes: Summary Measurements of photoluminescence, excitation photoluminescence and reflectance are performed at various temperatures on a series of GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As quantum well structures grown by molecularbeam epitaxy. The selective photoluminescence data of the GaAs buffer layers are analysed in order to correlate the optical properties with the growth conditions. The Stokes shift of the excitation emission line from quantum wells is investigated under various excitation conditions. A considerable decrease of the Stokes shift is observed in the case of nonresonant and intense excitations. Also the extrinsic photoluminescence, as well as its temperature dependence, are interpreted. In addition, the temperature effects on both the bulk and quantum well spectra are shown to clarify the excitation features and the contribution of the interband transitions.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 10 (1988), S. 529-545 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Interfaces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Viene presentato uno studio sistematico delle interazioni a molti corpi indotte da pompaggio ottico, inteso in condizioni quasi stazionarie, in supereticoli di GaAs/Al x Ga1−x As. Misure di luminescenza spontanea e stimolata e di guadagno ottico in un ampio intervallo di temperature e con diverse lughezza d'onda di eccitazione hanno messo in evidenza effetti di «band-filling» e di amplificazione ottica. Gli effetti dei processi di rilassamento da elettroni caldi, della rinormalizzazione della gap e delle interazioni eccitoniche sono discussi sulla base delle forme di riga della luminescenza. Gli spettri sono interpretati come la conseguenza della fotogenerazione di un plasma elettrone-buca che ricombina alle energie degli eccitoni quantizzati. Le misure di guadagno ottico mostrano un fattore di guadagno maggiore che nel semiconduttore tridimensionale e che resta costante sino a circa 140 K. In un supereticolo con concentrazione di alluminio prossima al «cross over» diretto-indiretto, il pompaggio ottico risonante con gli stati nella buca di potenziale ha mostrato una nuova banda di emissione attribuita agli effetti delΓ-X mixing delle funzioni d'onda elettroniche nella buca e nella barriera.
    Abstract: Резюме Мы систематически исследуем многочастичные взаимодействия, индуцированные квазистационарной интенсивной оптической накачкой в полупроводниковых суперрешетках GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs. Измерения спонтанной и стимулированной люминесценции и оптического усиления, проведенные при различных температурах и при нескольких длинах волн возбуждения, позволяют нам наблюдать эффекты заполнения зон и оптического усиления в этих 2D структурах. Квазиравновесные распределение горячих носителей и перенормировка ширины запрещенной зоны влияют на формы линий спонтанного излучния. Экситонные взаимодействия вызывают голубое смещение линий излучения. Полученные спектры интерпретируются, как следствие электрон-дырочной плазмы, которая, в основном рекомбинирует прп кванрованных экситонных энергиях. Измерения оптического усиления определяют коэффициент усиления, который остается постоянным вплоть до 140 K, и оказывается бодьше, чем измеренный в трехмерных кристлллах GaAs. В суперрешетке, имеющей концентрацию алюминия вблизи прямого-косвенного кроссовера, квазирезонансная оптическая накачка обнаруживает новую спектральную особенность в стимулированном излучении, котоая приписывается смешиванию электронных волновых функций в яме и в барьере.
    Notes: Summary We report a systematic study of the many-body interactions induced by quasi-stationary intense optical pumping in semiconductor superlattices of GaAs/Al x Ga1−x As. Spontaneous and stimulated luminescence and optical-gain measurements performed at different temperatures and with several exciting wavelengths allow us to observe band filling effects and optical amplification in these 2D structures. Hotcarrier quasi-equilibrium distribution and band gap renormalization effect the spontaneous-emission line shapes; excitonic interactions slightly blueshift the emission lines. The spectra have been interpreted as a consequence of the electron hole plasma occurring which mainly recombines at the quantized exciton energies. Optical-gain measurements have shown a gain factor which remains constant up to about 140K and is higher than the one measured in three-dimensional GaAs crystals. In a superlattice having aluminium concentration near the direct-indirect crossover, quasiresonant optical pumping in the well has shown a new spectral feature in the stimulated emission which has been tentatively ascribed to a Γ-X mixing of the electronic wave functions in the well and in the barrier.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 11 (1989), S. 1049-1055 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Excitons and related phenomena (including electron-hole drops)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Lo spettro di riflettività ad incidenza normale degli eccitoni nei pozzi quantistici multipli di GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As è calcolato nell’ambito dell’approssimazione locale. Si mostra con la forma della linea di riflettività dipende in gran misura dalla forma geometrica del campione. Usando parametri realistici di una struttura a pozzi quantistici multipli, si ottiene un’ottima approssimazione della curva di riflettività sperimentale, che fornisce così energie eccitoniche, forze dell’oscillatore e parameri di ampliamento eccitonico.
    Abstract: Резюме В рамках приближения линейного отклика вычисляется спекрт отражательной способности экситонов при нормальном падении для множественных квантовых ям в GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As. Показывается, что форма линии отражательной способности сильно зависит от геометрии образца. Используя реалистические параметры структуры множественных квантовых ям, мы получаем хорошее соответствие с экспериментальной кривой для отражательной способности. Получаются энергии экситонов, силы осцилляторов и парам⪟тры экситонного уширения.
    Notes: Summary The normal incidence reflectivity spectrum of excitons in GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As multiple quantum wells is calculated within the local response approximation. It is shown that the reflectivity lineshape strongly depends on the sample geometry. Using realistic parameters of a multiple quantum well structure, we obtain an excellent fit of the experimental reflectivity curve, thus giving exciton energies, oscillator strengths and exciton broadening parameters.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 11 (1989), S. 839-856 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Optical properties and materials ; Excitons and related phenomena (including electron-hole drops) ; Polaritons (including photon-phonon and photon-magnon interactions)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si calcolano gli spettri di riflessione eccitonica di cristalli semi infiniti entro l'approccio d'onda coerente di Stahl alla dinamica dell'intervallo di banda. Le equazioni costitutive di Stahl si risolvono con un'approssimazione adiabatica in una regione di superficie di spessore z0 ed esattamente nel volume. La profondità z0 determina una regione in cui il potenziale di superficie repulsivo ha un ruolo decisivo per il moto degli electtroni e delle lacune. Il metodo rende semplici espressioni analitiche per la riflettività e per le ampiezze del polaritone di volume sia per l'incidenza normale che per quella obliqua. Si confrontano le curve di riflettività calcolate con i dati sperimentali per vari semiconduttori e vari angoli d'incidenza mostrando un accordo abbastanza buono.
    Abstract: Резюме Вычисляются экситонные спектры отражения для полубесконечных кристаллов в рамках подхода когерентных волн Сталя к динамике ширины запрещенной зоны. Решаются конститутивные уравнения Сталя с помощью адиаватического приближения в поверхностной области для толщины z0 и точно в объеме. Глубина z0 определяет область, где поверхностный потенциал отталкивания играет суцественную роль для движения злектронов и дырок. Предложенный метод дает простые аналитические выражения для овоих случаев нормального и наклонного падения. Вычисленные кривые отражательной срособности сравниваются с экспериментальми данными для раэличных полупроводников и различнях углов падения. Обнаружено довольно хорошее соответствие.
    Notes: Summary Excitonic reflection spectra of semi-infinite crystals are calculated within Stahl's coherent wave approach to band gap dynamics. Stahl's constitutive equations are solved by an adiabatic approximation in a surface region of the thickness z0 and exactly in the bulk. The depth z0 determines a region where the repulsive surface potential plays a decisive part for the motion of electrons and holes. The method yields simple analytical expressions for the reflectivity and for the bulk polariton amplitudes both for the normal and for the oblique incidence. Calculated reflectivity curves are compared with experimental data for various semiconductors and various angles of incidence showing a fairly good agreement.
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