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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release and properties of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from endothelial cells in culture (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 123 (1985), S. 310-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured bovine endothelial cells were seeded onto the intimal surface of endothelium-denuded rings of canine coronary artery. These rings did not previously relax to acetylcholine, substance P, bradykinin, and A23187. After seeding, the same rings relaxed to bradykinin and A23187, but not to acetycholine or substance P. Indomethacin pretreatment did not affect these responses. Cells from the same source were then grown to confluence on microcarrier beads, poured into small columns, and perfused with Krebs+ solution. The perfusate from the columns was bioassayed on endothelium-denuded rings of coronary artery from either the dog or pig. Challenge of the column in the presence of indomethacin with either bradykinin or A23187 as well as acetylcholine or substance P caused release of a substance that relaxed both types of artery. Its activity half-life was 6.4 ± 0.4 sec at 37°C and it was hydrophilic and negatively charged. Prostacyclin (PGI2) as a candidate for EDRF was ruled out because (1) indomethacin failed to block its release and (2) the pig coronary artery, although insensitive to PGI2, relaxed to the endothelium-derived substance. These results show that, in response to a number of dilator drugs, cultured endothelial cells release a vascular relaxing substance (EDRF) that has characteristics similar to the EDRF of normal endothelium. The chemical nature of EDRF awaits clarification.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041230304
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A monoclonal antibody to the Ca2+ -ATPase of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum cross-reacts with slow type I but not with fast type II canine skeletal muscle fibers: An immunocytochemical and immunochemical study (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 9 (1988), S. 164-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Ca2+-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum ; immunofluorescence ; myofibers types I (slow) and II (fast) ; II D8 monoclonal antibody ; II H11 monoclonal antibody ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ca2+ -ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum was localized in cryostat sections from three different adult canine skeletal muscles (gracilis, extensor carpi radialis, and superficial digitalis flexor) by immunofluorescence labeling with monoclonal antibodies to the Ca2+ -ATPase Type I (slow) myofibers were strongly labeled for the Ca2+ -ATPase with a monoclonal antibody (II D8) to the CA2+ -ATPase of canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum; the type II (fast) myofibers were labeled at the level of the background with monoclonal antibody II D8. By contrast, type II (fast) myofibers were strongly labeled for Ca2+ -ATPase of rabbit skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum. The subcellular distribution of the immunolabeling in type I (slow) myofibers with monoclonal antibody II D8 corresponded to that of the sarcoplasmic reticulum as previously determined by electron microscopy. The structural similarity between the canine cardiac Ca2+ -ATPase present in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the canine slow skeletal muscle fibers was demonstrated by immunoblotting. Monoclonal antibody (II D8) to the cardiac Ca2+ -ATPase binds to only one protein band present in the extract from either cardiac or type I (slow) skeletal muscle tissue. By contrast, monoclonal antibody (II H11) to the skeletal type II (fast) Ca2+ -ATPase binds only one protein band in the extract from type II (fast) skeletal muscle tissue. These immunopositive proteins coelectrophoresed with the Ca2+ -ATPase of the canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and showed an apparent Mr of 115,000. It is concluded that the Ca2+ -ATPase of cardiac and type I (slow) skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum have at least one epitope in common, which is not present on the Ca2+ -ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum in type II (fast) skeletal myofibers. It is possible that this site is related to the assumed necessity of the Ca2+ -ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac and type I (slow) skeletal myofibers to interact with phosphorylated phospholamban and thereby enhance the accumulation of Ca2+ in the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum following β-adrenergic stimulation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970090208
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacteriophage lambda as a model system (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 5 (1986), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950050611
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein structure determination by nuclear magnetic resonance (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 8 (1988), S. 52-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The solution structures of several small proteins have recently been determined from high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance data. The principal features of the methods available to do this are outlined here, together with the advantages, limitations and future prospects of the technique.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950080203
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the dipnoi, a monophyletic group (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 190 (1986), S. 25-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fossil and extant dipnoans form a well-defined group of osteichthyans. Tooth plates, a feature in common for extant and the majority of fossil dipnoans, are not found in all dipnoans. Nevertheless primitive dipnoans can be defined by 21 characters of the head skeleton: bone arrangement in the posterior part of the skull roof, relation between supraorbital sensory line and bones, five extrascapulars, ossified (soft in post-Devonian dipnoans) upper lip, lack of premaxilla and maxilla, number and arrangement of bones in cheek region, lack of coronoids, the presence of an adsymphysial plate, ossified (soft in post-Devonian dipnoans) lower lip, relationship of oral and mandibular sensory canal to “infradentaries,” course of neurovascular system in lower jaw, symphysial tubuli in lower jaw, gular-shaped submandibulars, anterior naris at the edge and posterior naris within the mouth, median contact of pterygoids back to jaw articulation, posterior position of parasphenoid (buccohypophysial foramen very anterior in parasphenoid), unpaired “vomer,” autostyly, neurocranial support of posterior dermal skull roof, no isolated hypobranchials, and pharyngobranchials reduced or lacking. These 21 features distinguish the dipnoans from all other sarcopterygians. The Lower Devonian genus Diabolepis, which is said by some authors to have a closer relationship to dipnoans than to any other sarcopterygian, is considered to be inadequately known at present for definite statements about its relationship.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051900406
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viruses and cytokines: Evidence for multiple roles in pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1989)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 40 (1989), S. 57-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: IFN- and TNF-pancreatic beta cell function ; insulin secretion and content ; effects of IFN- and TNF-reovirus infection ; major histocompatibility complex protein expression ; RIN-m5F cells major histocompatibility complex protein expression ; major histocompatibility complex ; mRNA levels ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to the selective autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells possibly initiated by viruses. To elucidate the possible role of viruses and cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we have examined the effect of reovirus infection on beta cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and the effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on beta cell function in vitro. Infection of RIN-m5F (rat insulinoma) cells with reovirus-1 or reovirus-3 was associated with a tenfold increase in class 1 MHC protein and mRNA expression. Reovirus infection did not induce the expression of class 11 MHC by RIN-m5F cells. Exposure of reovirus to ultraviolet light almost completely abolished its ability to induce class 1 MHC protein expression on infected cells.Murine islets cultured for 3 days with IFN-γ and/or TNF-α had a significantly reduced insulin response to glucose, which was more marked with a combination of the cytokines. During 6 days of culture in IFN-γ plus TNF-α islets underwent noticeable degeneration associated with an 80% reduction in insulin content. These findings together with previous data suggest viruses and cytokines may have multiple roles in beta cell destruction, indirectly through enhanced MHC protein expression and directly through functional impairment and loss of viability.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240400107
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of serine proteases with cultured fibroblasts (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 32 (1986), S. 281-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: protease nexin ; cellular binding sites ; extracellular matrix ; elastase ; thrombin ; urokinase ; fibroblasts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: This review summarizes the mechanisms by which several serine proteases, particularly urokinase, thrombin, and elastase, interact with cultured fibroblasts. Many of these studies were prompted by findings that interactions of these proteases with cells and the extracellular matrix are important in a number of physiologic and pathologic processes. Two main pathways have been identified for specific interactions of these proteases with fibroblasts. One involves surface binding sites for the free protease that appear to bind only one particular protease. An unusual feature collectively shared by the binding sites for urokinase, thrombin, and elastase is that the bound protease is not detectably internalized by the fibroblasts. The other pathway by which serine proteases interact with fibroblasts involves proteins named protease nexins (PNs). Three PNs have been identified. They are secreted by fibroblasts and inhibit certain serine proteases by forming a covalent complex with the protease catalytic site serine. The complexes then bind back to the fibroblasts via the PN portion of the complex and are internalized and degraded. Recent studies showing that the fibroblast surface and extracellular matrix accelerate the inactivation of thrombin by PN-1 support the hypothesis that the PNs control protease activity at and near the cell surface. The PNs differ from plasma protease inhibitors in their molecular properties, absence in plasma, site of synthesis, and site of clearance of the inhibitor:protease complexes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240320405
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of the nervous and muscular systems in the heads of pedicellariae from the sea urchin Echinus esculentus L (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 35-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscopy reveal that simple receptor cells in the jaw epithelium of sea urchin pedicellariae are connected by nerve tracts to the neuropile that coordinates jaw movements. The muscles responsible for jaw opening and closure and for flexion of the stem are all innervated in this neuropile. At least two types of vesicles occur at the simple synapses between neurone profiles and at neuromuscular junctions. The muscles include both striated and smooth fibres; however, their distribution varies according to pedicellaria type, and an unexpected arrangement exists in trifoliate pedicellariae.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paleozoic lungfishes - a review (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 190 (1986), S. 93-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Stratigraphical and paleoecological evidence indicates that lungfishes evolved in shallow marine conditions. Devonian genera had large gill chambers, and the details of bony supports of the gill arches of the Late Devonian Griphognathus whitei demonstrate that the arches were all functional. These data, together with an analysis of the body forms of the Devonian genera, indicate that they were dependent on gill (and possibly skin) respiration. The oldest known dipnoans, Uranolophus and Speonesydrion, are held to be representative to two lineages that can be recognized by their buccal and branchial features. One had a “rasping” dentition formed of denticles and marginal ridges that were continually shed and remodelled; the other had a “crushing” dentition characterized by the presence of variously modelled dentine masses that continued growth throughout the life of the animal. A list of buccal and branchial characters associated with these modes of feeding is presented. Because the relations of the Dipnoi have to be examined in terms of the features possessed by the group when it first appeared as a separate entity, the final part of the paper makes an attempt to define the primitive dipnoan morphotype. It is shown that many features taken to be diagnostic of the Dipnoi by some workers were not present in its early members; failure to recognize this fact has led to erroneous hypotheses about dipnoan-amphibian relations.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051900409
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the turtle carapace: Implications for the evolution of a novel bauplan (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 199 (1989), S. 363-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The chelonian carapace is composed of the endochondral ribs and vertebrae associated with a specialized dermis. The ribs are found in an aberrant position compared to those of all other tetrapods; they are superficial and dorsal to the limb girdles. This morphological arrangement, which constitutes the unique chelonian Bauplan, is examined from a developmental perspective. Embryos of Chelydra serpentina were studied during stages of carapace development. Tissue morphology, autoradiography, and indirect immunofluorescent localization of adhesion molecules indicate that the outgrowth of the embryonic carapace occurs as the result of an epithelial-mesenchymal interaction in the body wall. A carapacial ridge composed of mesenchyme of the dermis and overlying ectoderm is formed dorsal to the ectodermal boundary between somitic and lateral plate mesoderm. It is the anlage of the carapace margin, in which the ribs will eventually terminate. The ectoderm of the carapacial ridge is thickened into a pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which overlies a condensation in the mesenchyme of the dermis. Patterns of cell proliferation and the distribution of N-CAM and fibronectin in the carapacial ridge are consistent with patterns seen in other structures initiated by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions such as feathers and limb buds.Based on an analogy to this developmental mechanism in the development of the limb skeleton, a further analogy with the evolution of the limbs from lateral fin folds is used to form a hypothesis on the evolution of the carapace from elements of the primitive reptilian integument.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051990310
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