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  • Springer  (387)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (65)
  • 1985-1989  (452)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1985-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ascidian specimens were collected from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA, in November 1987. Eudistoma olivaceum (Van Name) was fouled by only two species of epifaunal invertebrates and the percent cover of epibionts was negligible. Colonies of E. capsulatum (Van Name) were fouled by up to 17 species of epifaunal invertebrates, epibionts covered an average of 12.5% of the surface area of these colonies. Extracts of E. olivaceum exhibited potent cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antiviral activity in laboratory bioassays, while the activity of extracts of E. capsulatum was insignificant. The toxicity of extracts of each ascidian was negatively related to the percent cover of fouling organisms. Surface acidity of each ascidian was positively related to the percent cover of epibionts: E. olivaceum was nearly neutral (pH=6), while E. capsulatum was highly acidic (pH=1 to 2). Larval settlement and growth of ancestrulae of the cheilostome bryozoan Bugula neritina (Linnaeus) were inhibited at very low concentrations of crude extract of E. olivaceum. Crude extracts of E. capsulatum inhibited settlement and growth of B. neritina only at concentrations of approximately an order of magnitude greater than those of E. olivaceum. Differences in the degree to which these congeneric ascidians are fouled is related to differences in the chemical defenses they possess. Acidity is not an effective inhibitor of settlement by epifaunal invertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 279 (1988), S. 435-448 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacterivorous nanoflagellates (microflagellates) have been routinely enumerated in marine and freshwater samples using either a Most Probable Number (MPN) culture method or by a direct microscopical counting method (DC). These two techniques typically yield highly disparate estimates of the density of nanoflagellates in natural samples. We compared these methods with seawater and marine snow (macroscopic detrital aggregate) samples collected from surface waters throughout the North Atlantic and in freshwater samples collected at three stations in Lake Ontario. Densities of nanoflagellates determined by the two methods differed by as much as four orders of magnitude; the MPN estimate rarely exceeded 10% of the microscopical count, and averaged ≈ 1% of this count. The MPN estimate constituted a higher percentage of the DC value in environments with high concentrations of nanoflagellates relative to environments with low concentrations of nanoflagellates. The ratio of the culture count to the microscopical count (MPN∶DC) increased along an environmental gradient from oligotrophy to eutrophy, and was positively correlated with the density of bacteria in the samples. In laboratory experiments with two species of bacterivorous nanoflagellates, the MPN count constituted a much greater percentage of the DC count during the exponential growth phase of the nanoflagellate than during the stationary growth phase. Differences in the estimates of nanoflagellate density obtained with these two techniques probably can be explained by the trophic mode of these protozoa, their growth stage, and the amenability of these species to laboratory culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Homogenization temperatures and salinity data are presented for fluid inclusions from hydrothermal gangue minerals (quartz and fluorite) associated with porphyry wolframite-molybdenite-arsenopyrite-sphaleritebismuth-chalcopyrite-cassiterite mineralization within the Fire Tower ore zone, Mt Pleasant, New Brunswick. The data indicate that ore mineral precipitation occurred within a temperature range of 260° to 490°C from moderate to high salinity (10–42 wt% NaCl equivalent) aqueous fluids. Two stages of hydrothermal activity characterized by high (〉30 wt% NaCl equivalent) salinity fluids are recognized; one which occurred at relatively high temperature (350°–490°C); and one which took place at lower temperature (180°–250°C). The high salinity, high temperature stage is interpreted to be the result of resurgent boiling. Dilution of these early fluids by convecting meteoric water resulted in low to moderate salinity fluids, which dominate the inclusion population. The low temperature, high salinity fluid inclusions are interpreted to represent late residual fluids derived from boiling which occurred as a result of a change in the pressure regime from dominantly lithostatic to hydrostatic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 23 (1986), S. 41-51 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: RAS oncogene ; Cloning ; DNA sequence ; Yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have cloned and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a RAS gene from the yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombe (SP-RAS). The putative RAS protein of 214 amino acids is encoded by two noncontiguous reading frames separated by an intron of 86 bp. The SP-RAS gene product shares extensive homology with the proteins of theSaccharomyces cerevisiae (SC),Dictyostelium, Drosophila, and human RAS genes in its N-terminal region but not in its C-terminal region. The extended C-terminal regions found in the SC-RAS genes have no counterpart in the SP-RAS gene. Thus the RAS genes of these two yeasts are structurally quite distinct. The SP-RAS sequence was expressed in vivo.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mechanisms to account for the unusual properties of a DR1αβ complex (designated DRgp50) that is resistant to dissociation under normal conditions utilized were investigated. Expression of this DRgp50 complex is highly correlated with the failure of cells from certain DR1 individuals (DR1x) to stimulate specific DR1-restricted or alloreactive T-cell clones. Pulse/chase experiments demonstrated that this DRgp50 complex was not detectable until approximately 1 h of chase. The DR1 α and β chains associated into the heterodimer in the absence of glycosylation and alterations in the number of oligosaccharides or sialylation of cell surface forms were not evident when compared with normal DR1 α and β chains. Restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns of DR β genes from normal (DR1n) and DR1x individuals were indistinguishable. However, a difference in the α chain genes between DR1n and DR1x individuals was revealed using Bgl II. This Bgl II restriction site mapped to the 3′ untranslated region of DR α and represents a new genomic marker to distinguish this functional and biochemical variant of DR1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 29 (1989), S. 355-357 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 6 (1988), S. 335-343 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A specially adapted schlieren system is used to generate fluctuating signals which respond strongly to large scale coherent components of a turbulent mixing jet flow and which have a relatively reduced response to random disturbances. The schlieren signals also provide a direct indication of the presence of vortex-like structures in the turbulent mixing layers by virtue of the phase relationship of the schlieren signals to the pressure field. This system gives a clear resolution of the fluctuating periodic effects associated with vortex structures in the flow from a choked convergent nozzle. It has thus been possible to determine that vortex-like eddies are associated with the feedback screech mechanism, and also generate periodic disturbances due to their passage through the diamond shaped wave structure in the flow. The regular disturbances in the flow move at 0.77 of the fully expanded flow velocity. Phase spectral observations demonstrate clearly the vortex like structure of coherent disturbances in the flow by virtue of the quadrature phase relation between the schlieren and microphone signals. Movement of the sensing microphone in the pressure field external to the flow shows disturbance propagation at the acoustic velocity, and also shows that disturbances at Strouhal numbers above 0.7 emanating from the inner mixing zone can be identified by an additional time delay to reach the microphone and only influence the microphone when it is located downstream of the flow sensing schlieren system due to confinement of pressure disturbances within Mach cones of the flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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