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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (773)
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
  • GENERAL
  • 1985-1989  (579)
  • 1975-1979  (179)
  • 1955-1959  (63)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a murine large cell lymphoma (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfated glycoconjugates on capacitation and the acrosome reaction of bovine and hamster spermatozoa (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 24 (1989), S. 403-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: heparin ; fertilization ; dextran sulfate ; fucose sulfate glycoconjugate ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sulfated glycoconjugates on the preparation of mammalian sperm for fertilization were investigated. The three sulfated glycoconjugates tested were heparin, dextran sulfate, and the fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) from the sea urchin egg jelly coat. In vivo, FSG induces the acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm. Bovine sperm were found to be capacitated by heparin and FSG as judged both by ability of lysophosphatidylcholine (LC) to induce an acrosome reaction and by ability to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro. The mechanism by which heparin or FSG capacitated bovine sperm appeared similar, since glucose inhibited capacitation by both glycoconjugates. In contrast to effects on bovine sperm, heparin and FSG induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated hamster sperm. When hamster sperm were incubated under noncapacitating conditions, heparin had no effect on capacitation or the acrosome reaction. Three molecular weights (MW) of dextran sulfate (5,000, 8,000, 500,000) were found to capacitate bovine sperm as judged by the ability of LC to induce an acrosome reaction. Whereas bovine sperm incubated with 5,000 or 8,000 M W dextran sulfate fertilized more bovine oocytes than control sperm (P 〈0.05), sperm treated with 500,000 M W dextran sulfate failed to penetrate oocytes. The high-MW dextran sulfate appeared to interact with the zona pellucida and/or sperm to prevent sperm binding. Results suggest that sulfated glycoconjugates may prepare sperm for fertilization across a wide range of species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120240407
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Video analysis of chemotactic locomotion of stored human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: PMN chemotaxis ; PMN storage ; PMN locomotion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies of the storage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have used an empirical approach to define “optimal” conditions. To date, no storage conditions have been described which satisfactorily preserve the chemotactic function of PMNs beyond 24 h. In an effort to define the precise nature of the storage lesion, we studied the chemotactic locomotion of freshly isolated PMNs and PMNs which had been suspended in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPD-Al) plasma and stored in PVC bags, at 20-22°C for 24 h. We used time-lapse video recording and computer image analysis to quantitate the motion of PMNs migrating under agarose. The positions of individual motile cells were traced at 1-min intervals for 5 min. The following parameters were used to quantitate migration: (1) speed (distance/min), (2)) persistence of locomotion index (velocity/speed), (3) orientation angle (the angle of the vector describing the next displacement of a cell relative lo a direct line toward the chemoattractant), and (4) chemotropic index (cosine of the orientation angle). After 24 h of storage, the following changes were observed: (1) fewer cells migrated, (2) (he speed of migrating cells was reduced by 25%, (3) the persistence of locomotion index decreased by 7%, which indicates that migrating cells made slightly more/wider turns, and (4) the chemotropic index was decreased by 30%, which indicates that migrating cells were less accurate in their orientation toward the chemoattractant. Apparently, the storage of PMNs selectively impairs the ability of some cells to orient accurately in a chemotactic gradient and changes the distribution of these locomotor parameters within the population.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060507
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interacting genes identify interacting proteins involved in microtubule function in Drosophila (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 14 (1989), S. 128-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970140122
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unique isoactins in the brush border of rat intestinal epithelial cells (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 11 (1988), S. 318-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: actin ; contractile proteins ; microvilli ; cytoskeleton ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mammalian genome contains 20-30 genes encoding a family of actins. To date, however, only six proteins (four muscle and two nonmuscle isoforms) encoded by this multigene complex have been identified. We have isolated two actins from the brush border of rat intestinal epithelial cells that have isoelectric points and N-terminal peptides characteristic of the cytoplasmic β- and γ-actins. However, using a panel of actin-specific monoclonal antibodies, we show that these actins contain a set of epitopes that distinguishes them from any of the known cytoplasmic or muscle isoforms. These unique actins share features of both the nonmuscle and muscle isoforms, suggesting that they represent an intermediate in the evolution of the specialized muscle actins.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970110409
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rearrangement of tubulin, actin, and myosin in cultured ventricular cardiomyocytes of the adult rat (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 291-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; microtubule ; microfilament ; adult ; culture ; cardiac ; myocyte ; immunofluorescence ; antibodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Antitubulin, phalloidin. and antimyosin were used to study the distribution of microtubules, microfilaments, and myofibrils in cultured adult cardiomyocytes. These cells undergo a stereotypic sequence of morphological change in which myotypic features are lost and then reconstructed during a period of polymorphic growth. Microtubules, though rearranged during these events in culture, are always present in an organized network. Myosin and actin structures, on the other hand, initially degenerate. This initial degeneration is reversed when a cell attaches to the culture substratum. Upon attachment, new microtubules are laid down as a cortical network adjacent to the sarcolemma and, subsequently, as a network in the basal part of the cell. Actin and then myosin filament bundles appear next, in a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the microtubules. Finally, striated myofibrils are formed, first in the central part of the cell, and subsequently in the outgrowing processes of the cell, A mechanism is suggested by which the eventual polymorphic shape of a cell is related to the shape of its initial area of contact with the culture substratum. Finally, a model of myofibrillogenesis is proposed in which microtubules participate in the insertion of myosin among previously formed actin filament bundles to produce myofibrils.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060306
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rainbow trout has two genes for growth hormone (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 1 (1988), S. 11-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: GH1 ; GH2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We report the primary structures of two mRNA species (GH1 and GH2), each predicted from the cloned cDNA and genomic gene sequences, that encode growth hormone in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Both GH1 and GH2 mRNA contain open reading frames comprising 630 nucleotides and encode 210 amino acid residues, of which 11 are variant. The translated regions of mRNA are flanked by a short 5′-untranslated sequence, which is highly conserved, and a relatively long 3′-untranslated sequence, which is highly divergent. The differences at the 3′-untranslated regions suggest that the GH1 and GH2 mRNA originate from different loci. RNA blot analysis of trout pituitary RNA using an oligonucleotide probe specific for the GH2 sequence indicates that the cloned gene is expressed. The GH1 and GH2 mRNA likely are transcribed from two distinct loci, which were duplicated during tetraploidization of the salmonid genome between 50 and 100 million years ago.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080010104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleus of the boar spermatozoon: Structure and modifications in frozen, frozen-thawed, or sodium dodecyl sulfate-treated cells (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 1 (1989), S. 264-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Nucleoproteins ; Element concentrations ; Electron microscopy ; Image analysis ; X-ray spectrophotometry ; Flow cytofluorometry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: After cryosubstitution and Epon embedding, or after Nanoplast embedding and very thin sectioning, the chromatin of ejaculated or diluted boar spermatozoa appears to be formed of DNA fibers embedded in a quite homogeneous matrix. After sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment, and to a lesser extent after freeze-thawing, the DNA fibers are present mostly between cords, probably proteinaceous in nature. The quantity of free sulfhydryl (SH) groups, as calculated from staining by DACM and flow fluorometry, is increased in thawed or SDS-treated cells. The quantity of NH2 groups, calculated from electron microscopy image analysis of alcoholic phosphotungstic acid-stained cells, is decreased in thawed nuclei. The DNA is more accessible to the fluorochrome ethidium bromide after freeze-thawing, and its sensitivity to HCI hydrolysis is modified, during the Feulgen-like staining procedure using acriflavine. The X-ray energy dispersive analysis of cryosections of nuclei indicates that the slight separation of DNA and nucleoproteins in freeze-thawed spermatozoa could result from a dramatic modification of the nuclear ionic environment during thawing.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080010407
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spermiogenesis in the red-ear turtle (Pseudemys scripta) and the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus): A study of cytoplasmic events including cell volume changes and cytoplasmic elimination (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 198 (1988), S. 95-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Nuclear and cytoplasmic volume changes as well as the elimination of residual spermatid cytoplasm were investigated in the red-ear turtle (Pseudemys scripta) and the rooster (Gallus domesticus). Nuclei of newly formed spermatids which were originally centrally located became eccentrically located within the cell in both species. Shortly thereafter the nuclear pole of the spermatid was found situated within deep crypts of a Sertoli cell. The cytoplasm of elongating spermatids was displaced along the nonacrosomal region of the nucleus and the proximal flagellum. In both species sheetlike Sertoli cell processes indented spermatid cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus and appeared to segregate small packets of the cytoplasm. In the turtle, these packets of cytoplasm were separated from the spermatid. In both the turtle and rooster, a portion of the spermatid cytoplasm was displaced forward over the acrosomal region of the spermatid to resemble a hood. As spermatids were transported to the seminiferous tubular lumen, cytoplasmic lobes which projected forward of the spermatid head were formed by preferential flow of cytoplasm into one aspect of the cytoplasmic hood. In both species, at sperm release the cytoplasmic lobe was disengaged from the spermatid head to form a large residual body that was internalized and degraded within the Sertoli cell. Medium-sized cytoplasmic lobes were pinched from the head and neck region of the turtle and rooster spermatids, respectively. In the turtle, small-sized mitochondrial-rich cytoplasmic fragments budded from the caudal head and midpiece of the spermatids and were phagocytosed by the Sertoli cell. Thus, cytoplasmic elimination occurred through (1) segregation of cytoplasmic packets by Sertoli penetrating processes (turtle), (2) elimination of large and medium-sized residual bodies from the head (turtle and bird), and (3) budding of small mitochondrial-rich cytoplasmic fragments from the region of the midpiece (turtle). In the turtle a 79% reduction in total cell volume occurred during spermiogenesis which was the result of an 84% cytoplasmic reduction and a 78% nuclear reduction. During spermiogenesis, the rooster lost 97% of its total cell volume due to a 97% cytoplasmic volume change and a 96% nuclear volume change.
    Additional Material: 31 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051980110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spermiogenesis in the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus): A study of cytoplasmic events including cell volume changes and cytoplasmic elimination (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 198 (1988), S. 165-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The process involved in the reduction of both nuclear and cytoplasmic volume was investigated in the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), a teleost fish. Young spermatids contained centrally positioned nuclei which, with time, moved toward the cell surface to become eccentrically positioned. Chromatin condensation was initiated from a region near the implantation fossa, whereas at the opposite pole of the nucleus an area sparse in heterochromatin (clear area) was noted. The nuclear membrane lying adjacent to the clear area dissolved and subsequently reformed, yielding a nucleus with a reduced volume. During this process, packets of cytoplasm surrounded by a double membrane were formed along the future midpiece. The packets of cytoplasm migrated toward the cell surface, protruded from the surface, and were extruded into the spermatocyst lumen. These structures, termed residual bodies, were subsequently endocytosed, accumulated into large phagocytic vocuoles, and eventually degraded by the nearby Sertoli cell. When the spermatocyst ruptured, spermatozoa containing sparse cytoplasm were released into the excurrent duct system. During spermiogenesis, both the nuclear and cytoplasmic volumes decreased substantially (80%, 92% respectively) leading to an overall 87% reduction in total cell volume.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051980204
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