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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the crystal orientation of CuInSe2 by Raman spectroscopy (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2114-2116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have developed a new method for the determination of the crystal orientation of CuInSe2 by Raman spectroscopy. The single crystal of CuInSe2 has a (112) natural surface. On this surface we often observe slip lines, which construct a triangular shape. However, it is difficult to identify which corner is the projection of the c axis. We established a new method to identify the c direction by using Raman spectroscopy. This method is also effective for small single crystals down to the size of 1 μm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354735
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hysteresis of the work function of Co(0001) surface resulting from an allotropic transformation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 5500-5503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of the crystallographic phase transformation on the work function was studied on a Co(0001) surface by a precise measurement of the contact potential difference. The characteristic hysteresis of the work function due to the hcp(arrow-right-and-left)fcc allotropic transformation was found. The work function changes abruptly by about 2 meV with the phase transformation while decreasing monotonically with temperature except in the transformation range. The contributions of the surface dipole barrier and the chemical potential of electrons to the work function are discussed from the point of view of cellular approximation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350523
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel slip-free rapid thermal annealing of GaAs in vacuum with excellent uniformity and reproducibility (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 1294-1299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper describes novel rapid thermal annealing for GaAs wafers under vacuum conditions (VRTA) using a three-zone lamp power control method. The developed RTA technology eliminates generation of crystallographic slip lines and wafer deformation due to the convection effect caused by ambient gas. A three-zone lamp power control method produced excellent uniformity in the activated layer, presenting the best data ever attained by RTA. Also, numerical simulation demonstrates improved temperature uniformity achieved by a three-zone lamp power control method which reduces the edge radiation effect. Moreover, we have found that VRTA technology is particularly effective for annealing large-size GaAs wafers, which are more easily deformed or slip-lined than 2-in. wafers. We have applied VRTA to fabricating ion-implanted n+ contact regions for self-aligned 0.5-μm-gate doped-channel hetero-metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors with a lightly doped drain, and have obtained excellent Vt uniformity, σVt=19 mV, on a 2-in.-diam wafer. These features, together with a simple wafer-supporting method, using several quartz pins, cause the improved VRTA technology to provide high throughput and production yield for high-performance short-gate GaAs integrated circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347263
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple ac susceptibility measuring system at low temperatures (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4006-4007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An automated ac susceptibility measuring system based on an ac mutual inductance bridge is described. A personal computer and a digital-analog converter are used to control the amplitude and phase of the compensatory signal which balances the bridge. An analog multiplier and a variable-resistance photocoupler are used in the amplitude and phase control circuits, respectively. The magnetic moment of a sample for a 1-μV output voltage is 3.8×10−6 emu/μV. Sufficient sensitivity was confirmed for an application to oxide superconductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143255
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topmost surface analysis of SrTiO3 (001) by coaxial impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 3197-3199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The terminating atomic plane of SrTiO3 (001) surface was investigated by means of coaxial impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS). CAICISS spectra proved that SrTiO3 (001) surfaces of as-supplied substrates as well as of O2-annealed substrates were predominantly terminated with TiO2 atomic plane, while the SrO atomic plane came at the topmost surface of SrTiO3 (001) homoepitaxial film. This indicates the structural conversion of the topmost atomic layer from TiO2 to SrO occurred during the SrTiO3 homoepitaxial growth. The azimuth rotational CAICISS spectra exhibited a fourfold symmetry in the surface atom alignments, showing the square lattice structure of a terminating plane. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112988
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel form of filamentous graphite (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 345 (1990), S. 791-793 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345791a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of reserpine on 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP)-immunoreactive neurons in the rat brain (1994)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 101 (1994), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By immunohistochemistry of rat brain in conjunction with a specific antibody against 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), we examined immunoreactivity to 5HTP in neurons, from which 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT; serotonin) was depleted by reserpine treatment. The distribution patterns of 5HTP-positive neurons overlapped with those of 5HT neurons. Treatment with reserpine (5 mg/kg, 90 min before death) caused a complete suppression of 5HT-positive staining, but 5HTP-immunostaining remained in perikarya of the nuclei raphe dorsalis, centralis superior and obscurus. Treatment with reserpine (25 mg/kg, 90 min before death) suppressed the 5HTP-immunoreaction in certain perikarya (e.g. of the nucleus raphe dorsalis) and fibres; however, 5HTP-immunostaining remained in perikarya of the nuclei centralis superior and raphe obscurus. This suggests that these neurons synthesize more 5HTP by a process which appears to be stimulated by reserpine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315827
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum. I. Quantitative morphometric study of the distribution density (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 95 (1991), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin (5HT)-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum were studied quantitatively by three-dimensional morphometric analysis. Longitudinal sections covering the whole length of rat duodenum were stained by either 5HT immunohistochemistry or by glyoxylic acid fluorescent histochemistry. Three-dimensional values for positive cell density, namely the number of 5HT cells per unit volume of the epithelium, were obtained by stereological morphometry with the aid of a computer-assisted image analyzer. This analytical method provides an absolute value for the distribution density of 5HT-containing cells regardless of thickness of sections, or which of the two histochemical procedures is used. The mean number of such cells per unit volume was higher in the crypts than in the villi but varied little along the duodenum. The density of 5HT cells in a given duodenal region, however, varied greatly among individual animals. The villi of the 10 to 16-mm segment from the pylorus were identified as having the smallest individual variation and therefore as being the most suitable for statistical evaluation in future pharmacohistochemical investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266770
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum. II. Quantitative study of the effect of 5HTP administration (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 95 (1991), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) administration on serotonin (5HT)-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum was investigated quantitatively using three-dimensional morphometry to determine cell density and HPLC to measure 5HT and 5HTP concentrations. The results are interpreted in terms of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) capacity of the cells. After administration of 5HTP, no significant change was observed in the density of 5HT-fluorescent epithelial cells in the duodenal region examined. Moreover, no evidence could be obtained that the concentration of 5HT in duodenal villi was increased after 5HTP administration, despite a highly significant increase in serum 5HTP and 5HT levels. These results indicate that no cells in the duodenal epithelium have the ability to decarboxylate exogenously administered 5HTP and convert it to 5HT under physiological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266771
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum. I. Quantitative morphometric study of the distribution density (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 95 (1991), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin (5HT)-containing epithelial cells in rat duodenum were studied quantitatively by three-dimensional morphometric analysis. Longitudinal sections covering the whole length of rat duodenum were stained by either 5HT immunohistochemistry or by glyoxylic acid fluorescent histochemistry. Three-dimensional values for positive cell density, namely the number of 5HT cells per unit volume of the epithelium, were obtained by stereological morphometry with the aid of a computer-assisted image analyzer. This analytical method provides an absolute value for the distribution density of 5HT-containing cells regardless of thickness of sections, or which of the two histochemical procedures is used. The mean number of such cells per unit volume was higher in the crypts than in the villi but varied little along the duodenum. The density of 5HT cells in a given duodenal region, however, varied greatly among individual animals. The villi of the 10 to 16-mm segment from the pylorus were identified as having the smallest individual variation and therefore as being the most suitable for statistical evaluation in future pharmacohistochemical investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00744992
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