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  • 1
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    Optimization of rod diameter in solid state lasers side pumped with multiple laser diode arrays (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Results of a study to determine the optimum laser rod diameter for maximum output energy in a solid state neodymium laser transversely pumped with multiple laser diode arrays are reported here. Experiments were performed with 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm rod radii of both neodymium doped Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) and La2Be2O5 (Nd:BeL) pumped with laser diode arrays having a maximum combined energy of 10.5 mJ. Equations were derived which predict the optimum rod radius and corresponding output mirror reflectivity for a given laser material and total pump energy. Predictions of the equations agreed well with the experiments for each of the laser materials which possessed significantly different laser properties from one another.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: In: Solid state lasers III; Proceedings of the Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, Jan. 20-22, 1992 (A93-53052 23-36); p. 153-165.
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  • 2
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    A case study in nonconformance and performance trend analysis (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: As part of NASA's effort to develop an agency-wide approach to trend analysis, a pilot nonconformance and performance trending analysis study was conducted on the Space Shuttle auxiliary power unit (APU). The purpose of the study was to (1) demonstrate that nonconformance analysis can be used to identify repeating failures of a specific item (and the associated failure modes and causes) and (2) determine whether performance parameters could be analyzed and monitored to provide an indication of component or system degradation prior to failure. The nonconformance analysis of the APU did identify repeating component failures, which possibly could be reduced if key performance parameters were monitored and analyzed. The performance-trending analysis verified that the characteristics of hardware parameters can be effective in detecting degradation of hardware performance prior to failure.
    Keywords: QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY
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  • 3
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    A hybrid approach to space power control (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Conventional control systems have traditionally been utilized for space-based power designs. However, the use of expert systems is becoming important for NASA applications. Rocketdyne has been pursuing the development of expert systems to aid and enhance control designs of space-based power systems. The need for integrated expert systems is vital for the development of autonomous power systems.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, Fifth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Space Applications; p 155-163
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  • 4
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    An antiproton driver for ICF propulsion (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) utilizing an anitprotoncatalyzed target is discussed as a possible source of propulsion for rapid interplanetary manned space missions. The relevant compression, ignition, and thrust mechanisms are presented. Progress on an experiment presently in progress at the Phillips Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM to demonstrate proof-of-principle is reviewed.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA Propulsion Engineering Research Center, Volume 2; p 203-206
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  • 5
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    A hydrogen isotope study of CO3 type carbonaceous chondrites; comparison with type 3 ordinary chondrites (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Meteorites of the Ornans type 3 carbonaceous chondrites exhibit a range in degree of equilibration, attributed to differing amounts of thermal metamorphism. These differences have been used to split the CO3 chondrites into petrologic sub-types from 3.0, least equilibrated, to 3.7, being most equilibrated. This is similar to the system of assigning the type 3 ordinary chondrites into petrologic sub-types 3.0 to 3.9 based upon thermoluminescence (TL) and other properties; however, the actual range of thermal metamorphism experienced by CO3 chondrites is much less than that of the type 3 ordinary chondrites. The least equilibrated ordinary chondrites show evidence of aqueous alteration and have high D/H ratios possibly due to a deuterium-rich organic carrier. The aim of this study was to determine whether the CO3 chondrites, which have experienced similar secondary conditions to the type 3 ordinary chondrites, also contain a similar deuterium-rich carrier. To date a total of 5 CO3 meteorites, out of a set of 11 for which carbon and nitrogen isotopic data are available, have been analyzed. Ornans has not been analyzed yet, because it does not appear to fit in with the metamorphic sequence exhibited by the other CO3 chondrites; it also has an extremely high delta-D value of +2150 percent, unusual for such a comparatively equilibrated meteorite (type 3.4). Initial results indicate that the more equilibrated CO3's tend to have lower delta-D values, analogous to the higher petrologic type ordinary chondrites. However this is complicated by the effects of terrestrial weathering and the small data-set.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Twenty-Fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Part 2: G-M; p 1017-1018
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  • 6
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    A preliminary study of the Soviet civil space program. Volume 1: Organization and Operations (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The organization, planning, and personnel is focused of Soviet space, advantage is taken of glasnost and improved foreign relations to explore a hitherto obscure subject. The way in which the civil space program obtains approval and funding is altered. Missions must be approved before the Supreme Soviet, and public opinion is beginning to play a greater role in the legislature's budget decision. The Soviet civil space program remains a collection of disparate elements, not unified by any national, centralized space agency. An attempt was made to catalog and delineate the relationships between the components proves helpful. There is little or no coordination of independent associations' efforts, and the planning process relied on previously to set priorities and allocate resources appears to be currently inoperative or in a state of flux. The civil space program is moving in new directions: toward budget tautness, more international interactions, an emphasis on civilian over military applications, commercialization, and fiscal accountability. This study is a snapshot of a dynamic subject, but hopefully on which has highlighted the critical elements to track.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-190306 , NAS 1.26:190306 , JPL-D-7513
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  • 7
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    Antiproton catalyzed microfission/fusion propulsion (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) utilizing an antiproton catalyzed hybrid fission/fusion target is discussed as a potential energy source for interplanetary propulsion. A proof-of-principle experiment underway at Phillips Laboratory, Kirtland AFB and antiproton trapping experiments at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, are presented. The ICAN propulsion concept is described and results of performance analyses are reviewed. Future work to further define the ICAN concept is outlined.
    Keywords: PLASMA PHYSICS
    Type: NASA Propulsion Engineering Research Center, Volume 2; p 98-102
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  • 8
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    Lessons learned from and the future for NASA's Small Explorer Program (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: NASA started the Small Explorer Program to provide space scientists with an opportunity to conduct space science research in the Explorer Program using scientific payloads launched on small-class expendable launch vehicles. A series of small payload, scientific missions was envisioned that could be launched at the rate of one to two missions per year. Three missions were selected in April 1989: Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer, and Sub-millimeter Wave Astronomy. These missions are planned for launch in June 1992, September 1994 and June 1995, respectively. At a program level, this paper presents the history, objectives, status, and lessons learned which may be applicable to similar programs, and discusses future program plans.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: IAF PAPER 91-726
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  • 9
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    A method of evaluating efficiency during space-suited work in a neutral buoyancy environment (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The purpose was to investigate efficiency as related to the work transmission and the metabolic cost of various extravehicular activity (EVA) tasks during simulated microgravity (whole body water immersion) using three space suits. Two new prototype space station suits, AX-5 and MKIII, are pressurized at 57.2 kPa and were tested concurrently with the operationally used 29.6 kPa shuttle suit. Four male astronauts were asked to perform a fatigue trial on four upper extremity exercises during which metabolic rate and work output were measured and efficiency was calculated in each suit. The activities were selected to simulate actual EVA tasks. The test article was an underwater dynamometry system to which the astronauts were secured by foot restraints. All metabolic data was acquired, calculated, and stored using a computerized indirect calorimetry system connected to the suit ventilation/gas supply control console. During the efficiency testing, steady state metabolic rate could be evaluated as well as work transmitted to the dynamometer. Mechanical efficiency could then be calculated for each astronaut in each suit performing each movement.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-TP-3153 , S-648 , NAS 1.60:3153
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  • 10
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    An antiproton catalyst for inertial confinement fusion propulsion (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This paper discusses the concept of an inertial confinement fusion propulsion system involving an antiproton catalyst (for antiproton-induced fission). It is argued that, when the two processes, fusion and antimatter annihilation, are combined into one system, a viable candidate propulsion system for planetary exploration emerges. It is shown that as much as 7.6 GW of power, well within the requrements for interplanetary travel, can be achieved using existing driver technologies and available quantities of antiprotons.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-2760
    Format: text
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