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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RATES AND POTENTIAL CAUSES OF MORTALITY IN NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES (EUBALAENA GLACIALIS) (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 6 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: North Atlantic right whale mortality rates range from 2% to 17% over the first four years of life. Sources of mortality in this population include ship collisions, entanglements, and natural causes. A combined analysis of stranding data, entanglement records, and photographic information indicates that approximately one third of all right whale mortality is caused by human activities. Anthropogenic sources of right whale mortality may be a significant factor inhibiting growth in the North Atlantic population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1990.tb00358.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organochlorine levels in North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) blubber (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 21 (1991), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), total DDT (DDT+DDE+DDD), dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, chlordanes, and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were found in blubber biopsies from endangered North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) in the Bay of Fundy and on Browns-Baccaro Banks. Analyses included four sex and age class composite samples from 1988, and 21 individual samples from 1989. Generally, PCBs demonstrated the highest wet weight residue levels (up to 1.9 μg/g), followed by total DDT (DDT+DDE+DDD) (trace to 0.47 μg/g). Relatively low residue levels in adult females suggest that transmammary organochlorine (OC) residue transfer occurs during lactation. The actual blubber residue loads may have been under-estimated, because the samples were taken when the whales were depositing fat reserves and the samples may not have been representative of the remainder of the blubber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01055569
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  • 3
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    Long-term passive acoustic recordings track the changing distribution of North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) from 2004 to 2014 (2017)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 7 (2017): 13460, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13359-3.
    Description: Given new distribution patterns of the endangered North Atlantic right whale (NARW; Eubalaena glacialis) population in recent years, an improved understanding of spatio-temporal movements are imperative for the conservation of this species. While so far visual data have provided most information on NARW movements, passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) was used in this study in order to better capture year-round NARW presence. This project used PAM data from 2004 to 2014 collected by 19 organizations throughout the western North Atlantic Ocean. Overall, data from 324 recorders (35,600 days) were processed and analyzed using a classification and detection system. Results highlight almost year-round habitat use of the western North Atlantic Ocean, with a decrease in detections in waters off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina in summer and fall. Data collected post 2010 showed an increased NARW presence in the mid-Atlantic region and a simultaneous decrease in the northern Gulf of Maine. In addition, NARWs were widely distributed across most regions throughout winter months. This study demonstrates that a large-scale analysis of PAM data provides significant value to understanding and tracking shifts in large whale movements over long time scales.
    Description: This research was funded and supported by many organizations, specified by projects as follows: Data recordings from region 1 were provided by K. Stafford and this research effort was funded by the National Science Foundation #NSF-ARC 0532611. Region 2 data were provided by D. K. Mellinger and S. Nieukirk, funded by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) #N00014–03–1–0099, NOAA #NA06OAR4600100, US Navy #N00244-08-1-0029, N00244-09-1-0079, and N00244-10-1-0047.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    A workshop on the effects of tagging on North Atlantic right whales (2023)
    New England Aquarium and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-22
    Description: Enclosed is a report on a workshop held at the New England Aquarium on October 23rd, 1999, to review the effects of implantable satellite and radio tags on right whales in the North Atlantic. Transcripts from the meeting served as the basis for a draft of this report, which was circulated on April 12th . Comments were received from several participants and have been incorporated. Although no consensus was reached on the workshop topic, most participants agreeing on the need for better follow-up of animals subject to tagging activities. Additional recommendations were made by participants, but they are not consensus statements. The results of the workshop do not provide support for a moratorium on tagging, but they also do not suggest that researchers can be complacent about the potential effects on animals. The need to identify missing right whale habitats means that tagging will continue to be an essential part of the biologist's toolkit. This report indicates that while tag technology is rapidly improving, a commensurate improvement in monitoring effects is needed. It seems likely that both will lead to better tagging efforts in the future.
    Keywords: North Atlantic right whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Other
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  • 5
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    An assessment of wounds caused by the attachment of remote sensing tags to North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis): 1988 - 1997 (2023)
    New England Aquarium and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Description: Because of the increase in usage of remote sensing tags to track the migration and movements of cetaceans, it has become increasingly important to assess the impact of such techniques on the target species. Between 1988 and 1997, 55 tags (41 satellite telemetry, 14 VHF or acoustic radio transmitter) were attached to 49 North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). All tags had implantable barbs or were fully implanted below the dermis. Right whales are photographically identifiable and the New England Aquarium curates the North Atlantic catalog, which currently numbers 374 individuals. The photo catalog has made it possible for tagged individuals to be tracked after the tag falls off the whale. Photo documentation during and after tagging provides an opportunity to monitor physiological effects from tags and healing responses to tags.
    Keywords: North Atlantic right whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Other
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  • 6
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    Persistent near real-time passive acoustic monitoring for baleen whales from a moored buoy: System description and evaluation (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-20
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Baumgartner, M. F., Bonnell, J., Van Parijs, S. M., Corkeron, P. J., Hotchkin, C., Ball, K., Pelletier, L., Partan, J., Peters, D., Kemp, J., Pietro, J., Newhall, K., Stokes, A., Cole, T. V. N., Quintana, E., & Kraus, S. D. Persistent near real-time passive acoustic monitoring for baleen whales from a moored buoy: System description and evaluation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 10(9), (2019): 1476-1489, doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13244.
    Description: 1. Managing interactions between human activities and marine mammals often relies on an understanding of the real‐time distribution or occurrence of animals. Visual surveys typically cannot provide persistent monitoring because of expense and weather limitations, and while passive acoustic recorders can monitor continuously, the data they collect are often not accessible until the recorder is recovered. 2. We have developed a moored passive acoustic monitoring system that provides near real‐time occurrence estimates for humpback, sei, fin and North Atlantic right whales from a single site for a year, and makes those occurrence estimates available via a publicly accessible website, email and text messages, a smartphone/tablet app and the U.S. Coast Guard's maritime domain awareness software. We evaluated this system using a buoy deployed off the coast of Massachusetts during 2015–2016 and redeployed again during 2016–2017. Near real‐time estimates of whale occurrence were compared to simultaneously collected archived audio as well as whale sightings collected near the buoy by aerial surveys. 3. False detection rates for right, humpback and sei whales were 0% and nearly 0% for fin whales, whereas missed detection rates at daily time scales were modest (12%–42%). Missed detections were significantly associated with low calling rates for all species. We observed strong associations between right whale visual sightings and near real‐time acoustic detections over a monitoring range 30–40 km and temporal scales of 24–48 hr, suggesting that silent animals were not especially problematic for estimating occurrence of right whales in the study area. There was no association between acoustic detections and visual sightings of humpback whales. 4. The moored buoy has been used to reduce the risk of ship strikes for right whales in a U.S. Coast Guard gunnery range, and can be applied to other mitigation applications.
    Description: We thank Annamaria Izzi, Danielle Cholewiak and Genevieve Davis of the NOAA NEFSC for assistance in developing the analyst protocol. We are grateful to the NOAA NEFSC aerial survey observers (Leah Crowe, Pete Duley, Jen Gatzke, Allison Henry, Christin Khan and Karen Vale) and the NEAq aerial survey observers (Angela Bostwick, Marianna Hagbloom and Paul Nagelkirk). Danielle Cholewiak and three anonymous reviewers provided constructive criticism on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the NOAA NEFSC, NOAA Advanced Sampling Technology Work Group, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program of the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Navy's Living Marine Resources Program, Massachusetts Clean Energy Center and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Funding from NOAA was facilitated by the Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region (CINAR) under Cooperative Agreement NA14OAR4320158.
    Keywords: Acoustics ; Autonomous ; Buoy ; Conservation ; Mitigation ; Real‐time ; Ship strikes ; Whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 7
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    Entanglements of North Atlantic right whales increase as their distribution shifts in response to climate change: The need for a new management paradigm [poster] (2019)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Presented at 2019: World Marine Mammal Science Conference, Barcelona, Spain, December 9-12, 2019.
    Description: Detection rate of severely injured or entangled NARWs began to increase around 2004 - 2007.
    Description: We thank the North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium for data curation and dissemination, and the Atlantic Large Whale Disentanglement Network for entanglement sighting information.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Presentation
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  • 8
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    Recent scientific publications cast doubt on North Atlantic right whale future (2017)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Frontiers in Marine Science 3 (2016): 137, doi:10.3389/fmars.2016.00137.
    Keywords: Right whales ; Conservation ; Mortalities ; Entanglements ; Population recovery
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 9
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    Rapid climate-driven circulation changes threaten conservation of endangered North Atlantic right whales. (2019)
    Oceanography Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in [citation], doi:[doi]. Record, N. R., Runge, J. A., Pendleton, D. E., Balch, W. M., Davies, K. T. A., Pershing, A. J., Johnson, C. L., Stamieszkin, K., Ji, R., Feng, Z., Kraus, S. D., Kenney, R. D., Hudak, C. A., Mayo, C. A., Chen, C., Salisbury, J. E., & Thompson, C. R. S. Rapid climate-driven circulation changes threaten conservation of endangered North Atlantic right whales. Oceanography, 32(2), (2019): 162-169, doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2019.201.
    Description: As climate trends accelerate, ecosystems will be pushed rapidly into new states, reducing the potential efficacy of conservation strategies based on historical patterns. In the Gulf of Maine, climate-driven changes have restructured the ecosystem rapidly over the past decade. Changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation have altered deepwater dynamics, driving warming rates twice as high as the fastest surface rates. This has had implications for the copepod Calanus finmarchicus, a critical food supply for the endangered North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The oceanographic changes have driven a deviation in the seasonal foraging patterns of E. glacialis upon which conservation strategies depend, making the whales more vulnerable to ship strikes and gear entanglements. The effects of rapid climate-driven changes on a species at risk undermine current management approaches.
    Description: NASA NNX14AM77G and NNX17AI77G (NRR, WMB), NASA NNX16AG59G (NRR, KS), NSF OCE 1459096, 1459087 (NRR, JAR, CRST, CC), NSF OCE 1459133 (RJ, ZF), OCE-1655686 (RJ, ZF), USGS G16AC00237 (DEP), Maine Department of Marine Resources (JR, CRST), Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response Network of Centres of Excellence (KTAD). NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service; Massachusetts Environmental Trust; Division of Marine Fisheries, Commonwealth of Massachusetts (CH, CAM), Northeastern Regional Association of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (CC).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    Organochlorine levels in North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) blubber (1991)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0090-4341
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0703
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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