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  • 1
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    Common dynamic structure of canada lynx populations within three climatic regions (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-14
    Description: Across the boreal forest of Canada, lynx populations undergo regular density cycles. Analysis of 21 time series from 1821 onward demonstrated structural similarity in these cycles within large regions of Canada. The observed population dynamics are consistent with a regional structure caused by climatic features, resulting in a grouping of lynx population dynamics into three types (corresponding to three climatic-based geographic regions): Pacific-maritime, Continental, and Atlantic-maritime. A possible link with the North Atlantic Oscillation is suggested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stenseth -- Chan -- Tong -- Boonstra -- Boutin -- Krebs -- Post -- O'Donoghue -- Yoccoz -- Forchhammer -- Hurrell -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 13;285(5430):1071-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Advanced Study, The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Drammensveien 78, N-0271 Oslo, Norway. Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1050 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Department of Statistics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10446054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Study of Case II Transport by Laser Interferometry (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 4234-4248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00116a026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recording performance of submicron track width thin film heads : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5645-5647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This spin-stand measurement study focuses on recording characteristics at submicron scale track width. The pole tips of a set of identical thin film heads were trimmed from the air-bearing surface by focused ion beam etching. A set of thin film heads with track widths ranging from W=2 μm to W=0.5 μm were produced. Recording experiments were performed on a high precision spin-stand tester using these heads. Both on-track and off-track performances were studied and analyzed. As the track width is scaled down, degrading of recording performance is observed. When the width of a recording head is decreased, the onset of partial erasure occurs at a lower density, and the noise power per unit head track width increases. Further investigation on the track profiles reveals that the extent of partial erasure is higher at the track edge as density increases, and this phenomenon is more pronounced in narrower track width heads. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361850
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of supercooling of a liquid on its overheating (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 7964-7966 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The degree of overheating of a melt often plays a significant role in determining its supercooling behavior and thus the nucleation and growth of crystals and their qualities. However, the relationship between the level of melt overheating and the resulting degree of supercooling is far from being understood. It is demonstrated that the dependence of the degree of supercooling on the level of melt overheating for bismuth is a function of the duration of melt overheating above its melting point. Depending on the duration, the degree of supercooling can increase either discontinuously or continuously with the level of melt overheating. These observations, which can be linked to the transient evolution of short-range structures during melting and solidification, suggest that the similar observations should also be observable for substances exhibiting substantially different short-range structures in the solid and liquid state. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475057
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion beam sputtered spin-valve films with improved giant magnetoresistance response (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4454-4456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A large value of giant magnetoresistance ΔR/R=9% with an exchange field Hex=350 Oe has been measured from simple NiFe/CoFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn top spin-valve films prepared by ion beam deposition (IBD) techniques. The exchange biasing was greatly enhanced when a synthetic pinned layer, CoFe/Ru/CoFe, is used in the spin-valve structures. Apparent exchange field values in excess of 2000 Oe and ΔR/R values above 8% have been obtained in synthetic spin-valve films. These IBD spin-valve films show excellent thermal stability and they are suitable for the applications in high density magnetic recording heads. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370372
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of magnetic properties of CoZrCr for high speed write heads (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5998-6000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The CoZrCr alloy has been developed for high speed write heads. This sputter deposited alloy exhibits soft magnetic properties and high resistivity which is suitable for high data rate write head applications. Resistivity of these sputtered films is about 90 μΩ cm, saturation magnetization is 13.6 kG, anisotropy field (Hk) is 15 Oe in as deposited state, which could be reduced to 5 Oe by annealing. Easy and hard axis coercivities are 〈0.2 and 〈0.3 Oe, respectively. Improved magnetic properties on sloped surfaces are observed for CoZrCr films, when deposited with 75 V substrate bias. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of angular biasing on the magnetic performance of spin-valve devices (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4976-4978 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In spin-valve devices, hard magnets are placed at both ends of the sensor to suppress Barkhausen noise. As a consequence, the signal amplitude decreases. We have shown that, by initializing the magnets in a direction other than along the free layer easy axis, it is possible to increase the magnetoresistance ratio by more than a factor of 2. The ΔR/R of similar devices without permanent magnets cannot be reached by this method. This angular initialization may have technological applications. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370063
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of ion beam deposited CoCrPt hard bias films for magnetoresistive heads (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5843-5845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion beam deposition techniques have been employed to prepare Cr/CoCrPt bilayers for hard bias applications in giant/anisotropic magnetoresistive recording heads. The bilayers were deposited at different deposition angles, which is defined as the angle between deposition beam direction and substrate plane. The magnetic properties of CoCrPt films, such as coercivity (Hc), remnant magnetization–thickness product (Mrt), and coercive squareness (S*) as a function of CoCrPt layer thickness and deposition angle have been studied and correlated to film microstructures. Typical values of Hc, Mrt, and S* for a Cr100 Å/CoCrPt490 Å bilayer deposited at 42° are 1580 Oe, 2.90 memu/cm2, and 0.90, respectively. The increase in Mrt with increasing CoCrPt layer thickness at a fixed deposition angle is accompanied by a linear decrease in Hc. We have observed, however, that for the same bilayer geometry both Hc and Mrt of CoCrPt layer increase with decreasing deposition angle, whereas S* remains almost unchanged. High angle x-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the hexagonal-close-packed (101¯0) crystallographic orientation of CoCrPt films is enhanced with decreasing deposition angles. This suggests that the improvement in both Mrt and Hc for CoCrPt films deposited with decreasing deposition angle results from an enhancement in in-plane c-axis texture, and crystallinity. This could be attributed to an enhancement in in-plane adatom mobility at low deposition angles. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369935
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of ion beam and magnetron sputtered thin Ta/NiFe films (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5780-5782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin Ta/NiFe films were deposited using ion beam deposition (IBD), pulsed, and static magnetron sputtering techniques. These NiFe films show anisotropy field values ∼4 Oe, easy axis coercivities ≤1 Oe, and hard axis coercivities ≤0.3 Oe. IBD films exhibit higher magnetoresistance ratios (ΔR/R), while little difference is noted between different deposition techniques in the sheet resistance of NiFe films. A ΔR/R value of 1.8% has been measured for a 90 Å IBD NiFe films. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that NiFe films of the same thickness have about the same grain size regardless of deposition technique, however, IBD films exhibit superior (111) texture and crystallinity. Our results clearly indicate that the superior magnetic properties of thin IBD Ta/NiFe films are a result of high crystallographic quality of these films. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370124
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abrupt discontinuous relationships between supercooling and melt overheating (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 841-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependence of the degree of supercooling (ΔT−) of melts preceding the onset of solidification on the level of melt overheating (ΔT+)above the equilibrium liquidus or melting temperature, is investigated on Sn and SnPb. We demonstrate the dependence of ΔT− on ΔT+ can be either abrupt or continuous, depending on the length of holding time. In particular, the dependence is bounded by two discontinuous limits, and the known continuous linear relationship between ΔT− and ΔT+ is only a special possibility. Our observations can be tentatively linked to the transient structural evolution of melts, and are probably general, occurring also for element Bi and SnSb. Our results may have important consequences for any thermal modeling of electronics manufacturing involving soldering operations. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118220
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