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  • 1
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    Earthquake Focal Mechanisms in Yunnan and their Inference on the Regional Stress Field (2013)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-01
    Description: Using the broadband records from a regional permanent network, we determined the focal mechanisms of 174 small and moderate earthquakes (3.4≤ M w ≤6.0) from January 2008 to March 2011 in Yunnan, China, by fitting the three-component waveforms of P and S waves. Results show that the earthquakes predominantly have strike-slip mechanisms, with occasional normal and very few thrust-faulting events. Most earthquakes occur in the upper crust above 16 km depth. We then derive the regional distribution of the stress field through a damped linear inversion using the focal mechanisms obtained in this study and augmented by the solutions in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) catalog and in Xu et al. (2010) . Inversion results suggest that the entire region is predominantly under a strike-slip faulting regime. Orientations of both maximum and minimum principle axes exhibit a clockwise rotational pattern. The axes of maximum compression are oriented roughly north–south, with a gradual change across the region from trending northwest–southeast in the South China block to trending northeast–southwest in the Indo-China block. This pattern is consistent with the surface horizontal velocity derived from geodetic observations. Localized normal faulting stress regions are observed in the Tengchong volcanic zone and in the Qiao-Jia segment of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault zone. Online Material: Tables of earthquake catalogs and figures describing stress inversion tests.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 2
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    Earthquake Focal Mechanisms in Yunnan and their Inference on the Regional Stress Field (2013)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-31
    Description: Using the broadband records from a regional permanent network, we determined the focal mechanisms of 174 small and moderate earthquakes (3.4〈 or =M (sub w) 〈 or =6.0) from January 2008 to March 2011 in Yunnan, China, by fitting the three-component waveforms of P and S waves. Results show that the earthquakes predominantly have strike-slip mechanisms, with occasional normal and very few thrust-faulting events. Most earthquakes occur in the upper crust above 16 km depth. We then derive the regional distribution of the stress field through a damped linear inversion using the focal mechanisms obtained in this study and augmented by the solutions in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) catalog and in Xu et al. (2010). Inversion results suggest that the entire region is predominantly under a strike-slip faulting regime. Orientations of both maximum and minimum principle axes exhibit a clockwise rotational pattern. The axes of maximum compression are oriented roughly north-south, with a gradual change across the region from trending northwest-southeast in the South China block to trending northeast-southwest in the Indo-China block. This pattern is consistent with the surface horizontal velocity derived from geodetic observations. Localized normal faulting stress regions are observed in the Tengchong volcanic zone and in the Qiao-Jia segment of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault zone.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America
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  • 3
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    Forward and adjoint simulations of seismic wave propagation on fully unstructured hexahedral meshes (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: We present forward and adjoint spectral-element simulations of coupled acoustic and (an)elastic seismic wave propagation on fully unstructured hexahedral meshes. Simulations benefit from recent advances in hexahedral meshing, load balancing and software optimization. Meshing may be accomplished using a mesh generation tool kit such as CUBIT, and load balancing is facilitated by graph partitioning based on the SCOTCH library. Coupling between fluid and solid regions is incorporated in a straightforward fashion using domain decomposition. Topography, bathymetry and Moho undulations may be readily included in the mesh, and physical dispersion and attenuation associated with anelasticity are accounted for using a series of standard linear solids. Finite-frequency Fre ́chet derivatives are calculated using adjoint methods in both fluid and solid domains. The software is benchmarked for a layercake model. We present various examples of fully unstructured meshes, snapshots of wavefields and finite-frequency kernels generated by Version 2.0 ‘Sesame’ of our widely used open source spectral-element package SPECFEM3D.
    Description: Published
    Description: 721-739
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Tomography ; Interferometry ; Computational seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean – future research directions (2014)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3Biogeosciences, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 11(19), pp. 5285-5306, ISSN: 1726-4170
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Description: This paper reviews progress on understanding biological carbon sequestration in the ocean with special reference to the microbial formation and transformation of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC), the microbial car bon pump (MCP). We propose that RDOC is a concept with a wide continuum of recalcitrance. Most RDOC compounds maintain their levels of recalcitrance only in a specific environmental context (RDOCt). The ocean RDOC pool also contains compounds that may be inaccessible to microbes due to their extremely low concentration (RDOCc). This differentiation allows us to appreciate the linkage between microbial source and RDOC composition on a range of temporal and spatial scales. Analyses of biomarkers and isotopic records show intensive MCP processes in the Proterozoic oceans when the MCP could have played a significant role in regulating climate. Understanding the dynamics of the MCP in conjunction with the better constrained biological pump (BP) over geological timescales could help to predict future climate trends. Integration of the MCP and the BP will require new research approaches and opportunities. Major goals include understanding the interactions between particulate organic carbon (POC) and RDOC that contribute to sequestration efficiency, and the concurrent determination of the chemical composition of organic carbon, microbial community composition and enzymatic activity. Molecular biomarkers and isotopic tracers should be employed to link water column processes to sediment records, as well as to link present-day observations to paleo-evolution. Ecosystem models need to be developed based on empirical relationships derived from bioassay experiments and field investigations in order to predict the dynamics of carbon cycling along the stability continuum of POC and RDOC under potential global change scenarios. We propose that inorganic nutrient input to coastal waters may reduce the capacity for carbon sequestration as RDOC. The nutrient regime enabling maximum carbon storage from combined POC flux and RDOC formation should therefore be sought.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural changes during Ar-ion irradiation of laser-deposited Fe/Ag multilayers (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 591-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.80.-x ; 68.35.Rh ; 81.40.-z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract During 350 keV Ar+ irradiation at 77K, laser-deposited Fe−Ag multilayers first show stress relaxation and demixing processes at the interfaces followed by grain coarsening and a supersaturation of the bcc α-Fe phase with Ag due to ballistic mixing. At high fluence, the fcc γ-Fe(Ag) phase (a=3.65 Å) is formed, which can be explained by either chemically guided ballistic short-range relocations or by the occurrence of thermal spikes, where all atoms possess sufficient energy to allow collective structural rearrangements, but only during such a short time that a decomposition due to long-range diffusion is suppressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01542869
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The estimation of the polydispersity index of molecular weight distribution with a radiation crosslinking technique: I. The effect of molecular weight distribution on the radiation crosslinking of polyethylene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part C, 29 (1987), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-0197
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1359-0197(87)90016-6
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of Human Salivary α-Amylase at 1.6 Å Resolution: Implications for its Role in the Oral Cavity (1996)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Salivary α-amylase, a major component of human saliva, plays a role in the initial digestion of starch and may be involved in the colonization of bacteria involved in early dental plaque formation. The three-dimensional atomic structure of salivary amylase has been determined to understand the structure-function relationships of this enzyme. This structure was refined to an R value of 18.4% with 496 amino-acid residues, one calcium ion, one chloride ion and 170 water molecules. Salivary amylase folds into a multidomain structure consisting of three domains, A, B and C. Domain A has a (β/α)8− barrel structure, domain B has no definite topology and domain C has a Greek-key barrel structure. The Ca2+ ion is bound to Asnl00, Arg158, Asp167, His201 and three water molecules. The Cl− ion is bound to Arg195, Asn298 and Arg337 and one water molecule. The highly mobile glycine-rich loop 304–310 may act as a gateway for substrate binding and be involved in a `trap-release' mechanism in the hydrolysis of substrates. Strategic placement of calcium and chloride ions, as well as histidine and tryptophan residues may play a role in differentiating between the glycone and aglycone ends of the polysaccharide substrates. Salivary amylase also possesses a suitable site for binding to enamel surfaces and provides potential sites for the binding of bacterial adhesins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444995014119
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exon Structure and Flanking Intronic Sequences of the Human RET Proto-oncogene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 196 (1993), S. 1288-1295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.2392
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Microsatellite Genetic Linkage Map of Human Chromosome 18
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Genomics 15 (1993), S. 48-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1993.1008
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase formation and superconducting properties of NbAl thin films
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica C: Superconductivity and its applications 162-164 (1989), S. 433-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0921-4534
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0921-4534(89)91091-5
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