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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Soil quality index ; Soil biochemical properties ; Soil sustainability ; Soil enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil biological and biochemical properties are highly sensitive to environmental stress and thus can be used to assess quality. Any soil quality index should include several biological and biochemical variables so as to reflect better the complex processes affecting soil quality and to compensate for the wide variations occurring in individual properties. Many authors recommend the use of a native soil supporting climax vegetation that has undergone minimal anthropogenic disturbance as a high quality reference soil. In this study which examined three such native soils of Galicia (N.W. Spain) bearing Atlantic oakwood as the climax vegetation, biological and biochemical properties were found to vary widely seasonally and with sampling site and depth. These variations were closely correlated with the total carbon (C) and/or total nitrogen (N) contents of the soils. The following equation: Total N= (0.38×10–3) microbial biomass C +(1.4×10–3) mineralized N +(13.6×10–3) phosphomonoesterase +(8.9×10–3) β-glucosidase+(1.6×10–3) urease explained 97% of the variance in total N for the soils studied, suggesting that a balance exists between the organic matter content of a soil and its biological and biochemical properties. A simplified expression of the above equation may be useful as a biochemical quality index for soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 30 (1999), S. 140-146 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Soil quality indicators ; Soil biochemical properties ; Soil degradation ; Soil pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The native soils of Galicia (NW Spain) exhibit a biochemical equilibrium such that total soil N is a function of five biochemical and microbiological parameters: microbial biomass C, mineralized N, phosphomonoesterase, β-glucosidase and urease activities. To investigate whether the ratio of the total N calculated from biochemical soil properties (Nc) and the total N as measured by the Kjeldahl method (Nk; Nc/Nk) can be used as an index of soil quality, we determined these variables and consequently the ratio in three kinds of disturbed soils: an artificially Cu-contaminated soil, two lignite mine soils, and a number of arable soils. In none of the studied soils did the individual biochemical parameters respond consistently to the factors influencing soil quality, but in all cases soil degradation was reflected by the Nc/Nk value, which differed more or less markedly from 100%. Nc/Nk can therefore be used for the rapid evaluation of soil degradation, since it distinguishes among biochemically balanced soils, soils in a transient state of high microbiological and biochemical activity and degraded soils. It can also serve as a reliable basis for the rapid calculation of the "ecological dose" (ED50) of soil pollutants. The use of Nc/Nk as an objective index of the biochemical quality of soils is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 43 (2005), S. 851-876 
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - This paper aims to specify a set of methodological stages to conduct case studies. It presents a graphical representation of these stages, describes how it assists management researchers to build theory from data gathered in the field, and outlines its value for achieving sound management research. Design/methodology/approach - A sample of nine cases published in Management Decision within the last two years (2003-2004) is selected in order to illustrate these processes. Findings - The paper's major contribution to research methodology is to specify a set of guidelines for conducting case studies and being explicit in how to apply a series of quality criteria for evaluating case studies in practice. The proposal not only helps to conduct research, but also documents the links between the research topics (in the conceptual framework), data (observations and interpretations in the field), data analysis (coding using the concepts in the conceptual framework and emergent themes) and the theory and knowledge accumulated through the research process. Practical implications - The increasing use of case studies in management, and the desire to build theory from qualitative data, has highlighted a gap between existing proposals and the criteria for rigorous case studies. This contribution helps to close this gap by providing guidelines and the practical application of the quality principles. It assists management researchers working in these paradigms to build theory from qualitative data. Originality/value - The proposal adds to the tools that management researchers can follow to produce sound research. This paper illustrates several case studies in order to show their epistemological approach, and to evaluate their quality level by applying our principles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food safety 16 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4565
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Escherichia coli O157:H7 STCC 4076, E. coli O157:H7 STCC 4267 and E. coli STCC 515 were cultured alone or in combination with Pseudomonas fluorescens STCC 378 at 7C or 25C in 10% reconstituted skimmed milk. Culture pH and bacterial population densities were monitored over 40 days. Both E. coli O157:H7 strains grew well after 40 days of incubation at 7C with final pH values between 4.86–4.53. At 25C, both E. coli O157:H7 strains grew during 20 days with final pH values of 4.00–4.14. The pH of the different cultures of this study decreased more at 25C than at 7C. The results suggest that P. fluorescens may inhibit the growth of the other bacteria present in milk at 7C, but this inhibition is weak. In contrast, the growth of E. coli O157:H7 strains in the presence of P. fluorescens appears to be slightly enhanced during most of the incubation period at 25C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-4870
    Keywords: Modelling ; solidification ; dendritic microstructure ; cobalt-alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In the present work a mathematical model has been developed to explain the microstructure characteristics obtained during the solidification process of dendritic cobalt alloys, under ordinary low cooling rate conditions. The model, taking into account physical aspects such as undercooling, cooling rate, solute diffusion, interfacial energy, and dendrite tip morphology, allowed results to explain the experimental microstructure changes observed when the processing conditions were varied. The mathematical model involved micro and macroscopic phenomena occurring during the solidification process of metallic alloys. The solutions of the governing equations were obtained applying a non-coupled scheme, which enables the possibility to simulate the solidification of complex geometry castings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Reversed phase HPLC ; Diode-array detection ; Diphasic dialysis extraction ; Cow liver ; Clenbuterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper reports a method employing diphasic dialysis extraction for the rapid confirmation of clenbuterol in cow liver by RPHPLC with diode-array detection. The most suitable means of homogenizing the liver is in barium hydroxide-barium chloride buffer; the optimum extraction solvent istert-butyl methyl ether at an extraction temperature of 37°C; stirring should be applied at 150 r.p.m. for 4h. This extraction method improves clenbuterol recovery values to 98.9%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: spoil recovery ; mine soils ; soil quality ; organic amendments ; soil functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Effective minesoil recovery requires spoils to be converted to soils of similar quality to those previously existing on that site. The developing minesoil should thus acquire three critical capacities, namely the capacities to a) support plant production, b) degrade organic matter and c) remove contaminants from water. The degree of development of these capacities provides a useful measure of soil quality and thus of the success of a given soil recovery technique. At the Meirama lignite mine in Galicia (northwest Spain), the possibility of using cattle slurry instead of the inorganic fertilizers currently used is being investigated. The results of a number of experiments suggest that cattle slurry is more effective (in terms of the above three critical capacities) than inorganic fertilizer. In slurry-fertilized spoils, rapid increases are observed in vegetation cover, in the relative abundance of self-seeded native plant species, in soil microbial activity and in those physical and chemical properties which affect infiltration and the capacity to remove contaminants from percolating water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The nucleotide sequence of a 1620-bp chromosomal fragment from Streptococcus pneumoniae, containing a putative class-II aldolase gene, has been determined. The N-terminal amino acid (aa) sequence of S. pneumoniae class-II aldolase protein allowed us to determine the initiation site for the putative aldolase gene, and a molecular weight of 31,274 Da was predicted for the protein, after removal of the N-terminal methionine. Northern hybridization and primer extension analysis showed a 1100-nucleotide transcript with a transcription start site located 43 or 42 bp upstream of the start codon. Southern hybridization studies indicated that the putative class-II aldolase gene was in the ApaI fragment 6, SmaI fragment 9, and SacII fragment 12 or 13 of the physical map of S. pneumoniae chromosome. Southern hybridization analysis and partial sequencing performed in another eight streptococcus species, belonging to six different phylogenetic groups, suggested that a class-II aldolase gene with a considerable DNA homology to that of the S. pneumoniae, could exist in these streptococcal species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: En las últimas décadas ha crecido la conciencia a nivel mundial de que la biodiversidad en el océano está sufriendo importantes alteraciones debido a la actividad humana y al cambio climático global, y de que estas alteraciones en muchos casos son irreversibles. Por tal motivo diversos autores señalan la necesidad de enfatizar los estudios de biodiversidad en todos los ambientes marinos (Angel, 1991; Lasserre, 1991; Gray, 2001). Actualmente se están realizando grandes esfuerzos a nivel internacional para incrementar el conocimiento de la diversidad, distribución y abundancia de la vida marina en general (Proyecto Census of Marine Life; www.coml.org) y del zooplancton en particular (Proyecto Census of Marine Zooplankton; www.cmarz.org). La biodiversidad de un área es mucho más que el número de especies presentes. Representa otras dimensiones como el número de niveles tróficos y de asociaciones, la variedad de ciclos de vida, etc. (Harper y Hawksworth, 1995). En el medio pelágico los cambios en la biodiversidad, sean cuáles sean los factores que los produzcan, pueden tener importantes consecuencias para el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas marinos, propagándose a través de las tramas tróficas, modificando las interacciones entre las especies y por lo tanto afectando a la estructura de la comunidad (Loeb et al., 1997; Ohman & Venrick, 2003). El funcionamiento de la comunidad planctónica y de los flujos biogeoquímicos está determinado por la presencia de “especies claves”, las cuales adquieren importancia por su dominancia, morfología, fisiología e historias de vida (Verity & Smetacek, 1996). Se ha demostrado que la presencia de un limitado número de tales especies parece estar fuertemente relacionada con la dinámica de los niveles tróficos superiores (ej. peces planctívoros). En la plataforma bonaerense entre 34ºS y 41ºS, la anchoíta (Engraulis anchoíta), se concentra en primavera para desovar. Esta especie, se destaca por su abundancia y rol en la trama trófica (Angelescu, 1982; Hansen & Madirolas, 1999). Durante todo su ciclo vital esta especie es zooplanctófaga (Ciechomski, 1967; Angelescu, 1982; Viñas & Ramírez, 1996) y tanto copépodos como cladóceros constituyen presas importantes en distintas fases ontogénicas (Viñas & Ramírez, 1996; Pájaro, 2002; Padovani, 2006 ). Por tal motivo se hace necesario realizar estudios sostenidos en el tiempo que permitan caracterizar el hábitat trófico de la anchoíta durante su período de desove. La comunidad zooplanctónica del área ha sido objeto de varios estudios (Fernández Aráoz et al., 1991; Ramírez & Santos, 1994; Viñas et al., 2002; Marrari et al., 2004) en los que se ha observado que la variabilidad hidrográfica induce cambios en su estructura. Estos trabajos han estado basados en un muestreo exhaustivo muy difícil de sostener en el largo plazo por el gran tiempo que demanda el análisis de las muestras. Por ese motivo se han seleccionado para el muestreo de zooplancton algunas de las transectas acústicas de las campañas de evaluación de anchoita con la intención de cubrir adecuadamente las distintas masas de agua presentes en el sector de estudio. En este trabajo se estudia la biodiversidad (entendida como diversidad taxonómica) del mesozooplancton del área costera bonaerense a partir de una de estas campañas.
    Description: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (Argentina)
    Description: Tesis (Licenciatura)
    Description: Engraulidae, Engraulis anchoita, anchoíta, zooplancton, condiciones ambientales, hidrografía, abundancia, distribución geográfica, claves de identificación, asociaciones
    Keywords: Geographical distribution ; Zooplankton ; Environmental conditions ; Hydrography ; Zooplankton ; Environmental conditions ; Hydrography ; Abundance ; Assemblages ; Identification keys ; Geographical distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations
    Format: 43
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1996-02-06
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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