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  • Springer  (63)
  • 2015-2019  (20)
  • 1995-1999  (33)
  • 1980-1984  (10)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: This chapter provides an overview of last two decades, European experiences in educational seismology and describes the different contexts in which they have been developed. The basic idea of these educational projects is that Seismology may represent an efficient communication vehicle for teaching a wide range of basic Earth sci-ence topics through laboratory practices and educational activities. Moreover it is also an effective tool to raise in the young citizens the awareness on the earthquake risk and possible mitigation actions. In this frame several seismic stations with different technologies were installed in schools across Europe. The scientific support of re-searchers and the need to establish strong links between teachers and researchers attribute to the school an active role in the knowledge process using the scientific laboratory practice by adopting the “learning by doing” modern approach of science communication (R. Schank and C. Cleary, 1995, Engines for Education, Ed. Routledge, 248 pp). Some educational activities correlated with seismological projects are presented, following different strategies depending on the country, but all aimed at building a new way to communicate science in the schools. The new vogue is the opening toward social networks and blogs. This generalizes the concept of an educational Geoscience website making it an e-platform for science communication and multimedia data sharing, where researchers, teachers, students and education op-erators can interact and constantly be kept informed of ongoing activities and relevant events. All of these 'seismology at school' initiatives rely on the concept of school networking and will merge in the European project NERA (Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation, http://www.nera-eu.org/) where a spe-cific workpackage is dedicated to networking school seismology programs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 145-170
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: educational seismology ; educational projects ; learning by doing ; science communication ; school seismology ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 57 (1980), S. 201-219 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, exceptionally high concentrations of iron (778 to 82,363 μg g+1 dry weight) and zinc (219 to 4,183 μg g+1 dry weight) were detected in the livers of Dugong dugon (Müller) from north Queensland compared with reported values for other marine mammals from other areas of the world. Levels of copper (9.1 to 608 μg g+1 dry weight), cadmium (〈0.1 to 59 μg g+1 dry weight), cobalt (0.5 to 72 μg g+1 dry weight) and silver (0.2 to 39 μg g+1 dry weight) in the liver, and cadmium (0.2 to 209 μg g+1 dry weight) in the kidney were also relatively high in several samples, whilst concentrations of nickel, lead and chromium were consistently below the limits of detection in all tissues. Manganese concentrations, in all tissues examined, were generally comparable with those reported from other marine mammals. Tissue concentrations of a number of metals varied with the age of the dugong. Levels of iron, zinc, cadmium and cobalt in the liver zinc and cadmium in the kidney, and iron in the muscle were significantly positively correlated with age. Copper and manganese in both liver and kidney were negatively correlated with age. Large deposits of the iron-rich pigment, haemosiderin, the quantity of which also tended to increase with age, was a conspicuous feature of the livers of all the post-natal dugongs examined histologically. It seems unlikely that the unusual metal status of the dugong reflects anthropogenic activities, since many individuals were collected in remote areas far from major sites of urbanization and industrialization. Seagrasses, the major food of dugongs, were collected from various north Queensland dugong habitat-areas and analysed. Very high concentrations of iron but low levels of copper were detected. The significance of such dietary imbalances and their possible influence on the metal status of the dugong were therefore considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Saccostrea echinata (Quoy and Gaimard) were exposed to 10 μg 1-1 of either mercury, cadmium or lead at 30 °C, 36‰S; 30 °C, 20‰S; 20°C, 36‰S and 20°C, 20‰S for 30 d and were then transferred to clean seawater for a further 30 d to depurate. Specimens were removed at regular intervals during the exposure and depuration periods, dissected into gills, mantle, visceral mass and adductor, and analysed for the appropriate metal by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mercury was concentrated more than the other metals in all tissues under all conditions. Cadmium uptake was greater than lead in all tissue in the high-temperature experiments, whereas both metals were concentrated to similar extents at low temperature. The gill tissue generally accumulated the greatest amount of all 3 metals, whilst the adductor concentrated the least amount. At both salinities, mercury and cadmium accumulation by all tissues was significantly greater at the higher temperature whereas lead uptake was only marginally increased. The accumulation rates of mercury at high temperature were significantly greater in all tissues at low compared with high salinity, whereas at low temperature, differences were not significant. Accumulation rates of cadmium and lead in the majority of tissues examined were significantly greater in lowsalinity water at both temperatures. In general, lead was lost the most rapidly from oyster tissues, followed by mercury and then cadmium. The residence times for mercury and cadmium differed significantly between tissues, with the gills showing the highest turnover rate. In contrast, residence times for lead were similar between tissues. Losses of all 3 metals from oyster tissues were not obviously influenced by temperature and only mercury losses differed significantly between salinities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The locus (RP1) for one form of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) was mapped on chromosome 8q11-q22 between D8S589 and D8S285, which are about 8 cM apart, by linkage analysis in an extended family ascertained in the USA. We have studied a multigeneration Australian family with adRP and found close linkage without recombination between the disease locus and D8S591, D8S566, and D8S166 (Zmax = 1.137– 4.650 at θ = 0.00), all mapped in the region known to harbor RP1. Assuming that the mutation of the same gene is responsible for the disease in both families, the analysis of multiply informative meioses in the American and Australian families places the adRP locus between D8S601 and D8S285, which reduces the critical region to about 4 cM, corresponding to approximately 4 Mb, which is completely covered by a yeast artificial chromosome contig assembled recently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 175-183 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amoxycillin ; pharmacokinetics ; bedrest ; sleep ; ambulation ; renal clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin in normal male volunteers was studied during the states of bedrest, sleep and ambulation. The absorption and disposition of amoxycillin in ambulatory subjects was found to be comparable to that reported previously by other workers. Serum amoxycillin concentrations were found to be significantly greater during ambulation than during bedrest and sleep. The difference in serum levels resulted from an increased apparent total serum clearance and amoxycillin renal clearance during bedrest and sleep compared to ambulation. No significant differences in the clearance was found between the states of bedrest and sleep. The change in renal clearance of amoxycillin during ambulation was attributed to a diminished renal blood flow. Although the terminal half-life of amoxycillin did not differ significantly, the apparent volume of distribution appears to be much greater during bedrest and sleep than during ambulation. This difference could be explained pharmacokinetically using a two compartment model. No significant difference was found between the rates of absorption of amoxycillin as reflected by the lag time and time to peak serum amoxycillin. The actual values for these parameters would suggest, however, that the absorption of amoxycillin is faster during ambulation than in bedrest and that the absorption rate during sleep is slowest. The clinical implications of the effect of posture and sleep on the pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 201-205 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone densitometry ; Bone ; Osteoporosis ; Aging osteopenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in 353 healthy white women using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Measurements were made of both the posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral spine, as well as the proximal femur (neck and Ward's triangle). From age 50 to 80 years, the BMD of the PA spine and femur neck BMD had an 18% diminution (0.6%/year), and BMD of the lateral spine showed about a 35–40% decline (1.4%/year). The Ward's triangle region of the femur was not quite as decreased (30% or 1.1%/year). The BMD decrease associated with aging did not differ as much among sites when expressed relative to the intrapopulation variation rather than as a percentage. The Z-score for PA spine and femur neck BMD (-1.1) was significantly different than that for lateral spine BMD (-1.6); Ward's triangle was intermediate (-1.3), i.e., the lateral spine still showed the highest sensitivity to aging. However, the ability to detect age changes in an individual subject can be increased only if the precision error for lateral spine BMD is not increased to a greater extent than the sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 104 (1997), S. 160-162 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Colloids ; phase behaviour ; density ; functional theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Applying a density-functional-based perturbation theory, we examine the phase behaviour of model colloidal systems characterized by hard core and additional piecewise-constant repulsive or attractive interactions. For sufficiently narrow square-shoulder repulsions, the theory predicts coexistence between expanded and condensed isostruc tural (f.c.c.) crystals, in quantitative agreement with available simulation data. A square-well attraction of equal width results in a solid-solid critical point at lower density and higher temperature and a significantly wider coexistence region. Adding a constant long-ranged attraction leads to a novel phase diagram exhibiting aquadruple point, where two fluid phases and two solid phases coexist simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical model and a two-stage econometric estimation procedure are proposed for determining the parameters of industry-region-specific cost, input-demand, or other functions using grouped data. The model and estimation procedure are appropriate when only marginal totals or averages are available, or when data are classified by both region and industry but many cells are empty or sparsely represented. An application is reported in which load functions for the hourly input of electricity are estimated for each day of the week and each month of the year in each cell of a 31 × 7 industry-region matrix. The use of the model to simulate the sensitivity of electricity demand to regional location and weather variability is illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. A theoretical model and a two-stage econometric estimation procedure are proposed for determining the parameters of industry-region-specific cost, input-demand, or other functions using grouped data. The model and estimation procedure are appropriate when only marginal totals or averages are available, or when data are classified by both region and industry but many cells are empty or sparsely represented. An application is reported in which load functions for the hourly input of electricity are estimated for each day of the week and each month of the year in each cell of a 31×7 industry-region matrix. The use of the model to simulate the sensitivity of electricity demand to regional location and weather variability is illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: SCR NOχ ; selective reduction ; Cu‐ZSM‐5 ; Cu–Ag‐ZSM‐5 ; thermal stability ; water tolerance ; cocation effect ; catalyst deactivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of silver on the activity and hydrothermal stability of Cu‐ZSM‐5 for NOχ reduction with C3H8 under oxidizing and wet conditions has been investigated. The addition of silver as a cocation to Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts decreases the reversible inhibition by water occurring under catalytic conditions when the temperature does not exceed 773 K. Furthermore, it suppresses the irreversible deactivation observed when the reaction is performed up to 873 K. In effect, the Cu–Ag‐ZSM‐5 solids are more resistant to the dealumination induced by the acids formed by reactions between NO, O2 and H2O than the Cu‐ZSM‐5 ones. The presence of silver provides also an higher hydrothermal stability under an (air + 10 vol% H2O) mixture if the temperature does not exceed 973 K. The catalytic activity and the deactivation behaviour are dependent on the concentration of silver and copper and more especially on the preparation procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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