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  • Articles  (103)
  • 2010-2014  (6)
  • 2000-2004  (51)
  • 1995-1999  (46)
  • Physics  (103)
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  • Articles  (103)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tribological properties of chromium implanted silicon nitride ceramics correlated with microstructure (1997)
    Springer
    Applied physics 65 (1997), S. 281-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.40; 61.80; 62
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 3 N4 ceramic after chromium implantation were investigated for the dependence on implantation energy between 200 keV and 3 MeV at a fixed fluence of 1017 ions/cm2. The wear of the modified material is reduced for a load of 2 N independent of ion energy accompanied by a slight increase of the friction coefficient. At higher loads only high-energy implantations result in improved wear behaviour. Structural investigations show the absence of any new phases formed by ion implantation. All energies result in an amorphous layer. For lower energies this amorphous layer reaches up to the surface whereas at higher energies it is covered by still-crystalline but damaged material. The observed wear behaviour can be explained with the amorphization of the near surface region and the stress generated by the volume swelling of the amorphous layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050579
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of low-stress cubic boron nitride films by simultaneous medium-energy ion implantation (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 55-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is demonstrated that the intrinsic stress in cubic boron nitride films can be significantly relaxed during growth by simultaneous medium-energy ion implantation. The stress in the growing film has been studied in situ using cantilever curvature measurements and has been reduced to below 2 GPa by simultaneous Ar+ or N+ ion implantation with an energy of 70 and 35 keV, respectively. The resulting cubic boron nitride films show an increased long-term stability. The results reveal that the stress in cBN is not reduced due to segregation of boron at grain boundaries. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430268
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nitrogen transport in austenitic stainless steel at moderate temperatures (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2194-2196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model for the transport of nitrogen in austenitic stainless steel at temperatures around 400 °C is presented and discussed. The model considers the diffusion of nitrogen under the influence of trapping and detrapping at trap sites formed by local chromium. Nitrogen depth profiles simulated on the basis of the model with diffusion and detrapping activation energies of 1.1 and 1.45 eV, respectively, are in good agreement with experimental nitrogen profiles. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126294
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of diffusional transport during ion nitriding of aluminum (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1404-1406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of diffusional transport during low-energy ion nitriding of aluminum has been investigated using marker and isotope sequence techniques in connection with ion-beam analysis. For an ion energy of 1 keV and a temperature of 400 °C, it is shown that the nitride grows at the surface with aluminum being supplied by diffusion from the underlying bulk. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126070
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interplay of sputtering and oxidation during plasma diffusion treatment (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 1851-1853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Metals that form dense native surface oxide layers challenge plasma diffusion treatment techniques. Experimental results obtained during nitriding of stainless steel from real-time depth-resolved compositional analysis by elastic recoil detection give insight into the transport kinetics. In agreement with semiquantitative considerations on the oxide removal and the oxide growth, the interplay of sputtering and oxidation emerges as a key parameter. On this background, suggestions for practical applications and optimization of the modification processes are given for different plasma diffusion treatment techniques. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124849
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roughness improvement and hardness enhancement in nanoscale Al/AlN multilayered thin films (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1951-1953 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Al/AlN multilayered thin films with periodic thickness λ less than 24 nm were developed by ion beam assisted deposition. A considerably small surface roughness comparable to that of the silicon substrate and much smaller than those of both monolithic Al and AlN films was obtained. Over the investigated range of λ, all the multilayers are harder than the homogeneous AlN film, and a significant hardness enhancement by a factor of ∼2 over that of the AlN film was observed in the multilayer with λ of 6 nm. Moreover, the hardness enhancement is not at the expense of the multilayer toughness, with the multilayer Al/AlN films showing improved plasticity as compared with the AlN film. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119752
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase identification of boron nitride thin films by polarized infrared reflection spectroscopy (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 46-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Six different types of boron nitride films were investigated by polarized infrared reflection spectroscopy. Films with a highly cubic, mixed cubic and noncubic, and exclusively noncubic phase composition were synthesized using ion beam assisted deposition. Additionally, postdeposition argon ion irradiated cubic and noncubic boron nitride films as well as a nitrogen implanted boron sample were analyzed. Using this technique, besides the cubic phase, two different noncubic modifications, layered anisotropic and amorphous, could be distinguished. A preferential orientation of the normal axis of the sp2-bonded basal planes parallel to the substrate surface was observed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118113
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amorphization of Fe/Al: bulk and thin-film effects (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 47-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a; 61.82.Bg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The amorphous non-equilibrium state of the system Fe/Al is studied in bulk and thin-film systems. For bulk samples prepared by ion-beam mixing of laser-deposited multilayers, a bcc solid solution is found for alloys with up to 70 at. % Al. Around 75 at. % Al a Fe2Al5-like crystalline phase is found. An amorphous state with Fe2Al5-like short-range order is found for 80 at. % Al. In thin films, for example the amorphous Al-rich transition layer of a laser-deposited Fe/Al multilayer, the amorphous state can exist for up to 30 at. % Fe due to the high interfacial energy. By ion-beam mixing at low temperatures (about 140 K) an oversaturation with 40 at. % Fe can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050024
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of granular Co/Cu by ion-beam mixing of laser-deposited multilayers (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 105-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a; 61.82.Bg; 81.40.Rs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Co/Cu multilayers were prepared by crossed-beam pulsed laser deposition and characterized by high-angle X-ray diffraction, as well as specular and non-specular reflection. Ion-beam mixing of the multilayers with 150 keV Cu+ ions and a fluence of up to 5×1015 cm-2 leads to the formation of a granular system of superparamagnetic Co clusters in Cu, as shown by magnetic measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050035
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural investigations of laser-deposited Fe/Al multilayers (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 68 (1999), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Fe/Al multilayers are prepared by crossed-beam pulsed laser deposition and investigated by Rutherford backscattering, conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results are compared to purely ballistic simulations of the deposition process using the TRIDYN4.0 code. It is found that the intermixing of adjacent layers must be described in terms of ballistic mixing followed by chemical mixing. The phase formation in the transition layer between adjacent layers follows the non-equilibrium behavior of Fe/Al in analogy to investigations on mechanically alloyed and ion-beam-mixed Fe/Al. In Fe-rich areas a bcc solid solution is formed. In Al-rich environment an amorphous phase is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050932
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