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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Arabinoxylans on Thermal Behavior of Frozen Wheat Doughs as Measured by DSC, DMA, and DEA (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The effects of water extractable arabinoxylans (WEA) on physical state of frozen wheat dough with added sucrose, NaCl, and their mixture were investigated using DSC, DMA, and DEA. DSC thermograms were obtained for annealed samples, and they showed only an endothermic peak of ice melting. Annealed samples were also analyzed using DMA and DEA with both dynamic heating and isothermal steps. Added sucrose and NaCl decreased the onset temperature of ice melting and it decreased with increasing WEA concentration. Isothermal measurements showed an a-relaxation peaks, taken as the Tg′. Added NaCl had a great depressing effect on the Tg′ at low frequencies as measured by DEA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb11388.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The UK Floods of 2000–2001: A Hydrometeorological Appraisal (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The protracted and widespread flooding, which was experienced across much of the UK during the autumn and winter of 2000–01, was the most severe since 1947. Catchments remained saturated for lengthy periods and the high flow regimes of many rivers were significantly redefined. There is no modern parallel to the magnitude of groundwater replenishment over the 2000–01 winter recharge season, and groundwater flooding was exceptionally protracted in the English lowlands. This paper examines the synoptic background to an extremely wet episode and uses a hydrological framework to document the magnitude, duration and extent of a flood episode outside the previous experience of the greater part of the population of England and Wales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2002.tb00392.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Assessment of Water Demand Management Options from a Systems Approach (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: A systems approach is used to model the urban water and wastewater system. Scenarios are developed for the implementation of a range of water demand management measures, including (a) leakage reduction, (b) the increasing use of water metering, (c) the replacement of standard WCs by low-flow WCs, and (d) the introduction of greywater recycling systems. These measures are assessed according to the water saving, cost per unit of water saved, and other indicators of the relative contribution to the sustainability of the system. Preliminary assessments of selected environmental costs and benefits are also included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00246.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual census methods underestimate density and diversity of cryptic reef fishes (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 59 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The diversity and density of small, benthic reef fishes were estimated using visual census and enclosed rotenone stations. Visual census underestimated the number of species present and the density of common species by up to 91%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00202.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculated phase equilibria in K2O-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O for sapphirine-quartz-bearing mineral assemblages (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 22 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Sapphirine, coexisting with quartz, is an indicator mineral for ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism in aluminous rock compositions. Here a new activity-composition model for sapphirine is combined with the internally consistent thermodynamic dataset used by THERMOCALC, for calculations primarily in K2O-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O (KFMASH). A discrepancy between published experimentally derived FMAS grids and our calculations is understood with reference to H2O. Published FMAS grids effectively represent constant aH2O sections, thereby limiting their detailed use for the interpretation of mineral reaction textures in compositions with differing H2O.For the calculated KFMASH univariant reaction grid, sapphirine + quartz assemblages occur at P–T in excess of 6–7 kbar and 1005 °C. Sapphirine compositions and composition ranges are consistent with natural examples. However, as many univariant equilibria are typically not ‘seen’ by a specific bulk composition, the univariant reaction grid may reveal little about the detailed topology of multi-variant equilibria, and therefore is of limited use for interpreting the P–T evolution of mineral assemblages and reaction sequences. Calculated pseudosections, which quantify bulk composition and multi-variant equilibria, predict experimentally determined KFMASH mineral assemblages with consistent topology, and also indicate that sapphirine stabilizes at increasingly higher pressure and temperature as XMg increases. Although coexisting sapphirine and quartz can occur in relatively iron-rich rocks if the bulk chemistry is sufficiently aluminous, the P–T window of stability shrinks with decreasing XMg. An array of mineral assemblages and mineral reaction sequences from natural sapphirine + quartz and other rocks from Enderby Land, Antarctica, are reproducible with calculated pseudosections. That consistent phase diagram calculations involving sapphirine can be performed allows for a more thorough assessment of the metamorphic evolution of high-temperature granulite facies terranes than was previously possible. The establishment of a a-x model for sapphirine provides the basis for expansion to larger, more geologically realistic chemical systems (e.g. involving Fe3+).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.2004.00533.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence tagged site markers linked to the sbm1 gene for resistance to pea seedborne mosaic virus in pea (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Resistance to pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) pathotype P-1 in peas is conferred by sbm1 with recessive inheritance. PSbMV is an economically important pathogen with world-wide distribution that causes significant losses in pea yield and reduces seed and produce quality. The sbm1 gene was previously mapped to linkage group VI on molecular linkage maps of the pea genome. To improve plant breeders’ ability to develop varieties resistant to PSbMV, two random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (G05_2537 and L01_910) and one restriction fragment length polymorphism (P446) linked to sbm1 have been identified. The genomic sequences for these markers have been characterized and the information used to develop three simple polymerase chain reaction-based STS (sequence tagged site) assays. Linkage analysis in two F2 populations showed that the most tightly linked of these three STS loci (sG05_2537) is approximately 4 cM from sbm1. Characterization of a collection of resistant and susceptible germplasm demonstrated a strong correlation between STS alleles and sbm1 alleles, indicating the utility of these markers for marker-assisted selection in breeding programmes using a range of germplasm sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00761.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relations between stomatal closure, leaf turgor and xylem vulnerability in eight tropical dry forest trees (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study examined the linkage between xylem vulnerability, stomatal response to leaf water potential (ΨL), and loss of leaf turgor in eight species of seasonally dry tropical forest trees. In order to maximize the potential variation in these traits species that exhibit a range of leaf habits and phenologies were selected. It was found that in all species stomatal conductance was responsive to ΨL over a narrow range of water potentials, and that ΨL inducing 50% stomatal closure was correlated with both the ΨL inducing a 20% loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf water potential at turgor loss in all species. In contrast, there was no correlation between the water potential causing a 50% loss of conductivity in the stem xylem, and the water potential at stomatal closure (ΨSC) amongst species. It was concluded that although both leaf and xylem characters are correlated with the response of stomata to ΨL, there is considerable flexibility in this linkage. The range of responses is discussed in terms of the differing leaf-loss strategies exhibited by these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.00975.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcription factor genes with expression correlated to nitrate-related root plasticity of Arabidopsis thaliana (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The root response to changes in nitrogen availability was examined in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants grown on vertically oriented Petri plates with nutrient media containing either 10 or 0.5 mm KNO3 supplemented with 5 mm glutamine were analysed for changes in root architecture, morphology and nitrogen status compared to plants grown on 0.5 mm KNO3. Fourteen-day-old 10 mm KNO3-grown plants displayed a decrease in number, length and density of lateral roots, had the highest tissue NO3– content, but no change in amino acid composition. Lateral root development was arrested at a stage after the initiation of primordia but prior to emergence. In contrast, plants grown on 0.5 mm KNO3 supplemented with glutamine had a slightly higher number and density of lateral root primordia and lateral roots, lower root NO3– content, and higher tissue glutamine content. A macro-array containing 126 putative A. thaliana transcriptional factor expressed sequence tags was used to screen for regulatory genes with expression correlated to the root plasticity response. Genes for a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) and a LIM transcription factor were identified and via Northern analysis it was confirmed that their expression is preferentially observed in the roots and correlated to the root response to nitrate availability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.00977.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to sunflower downy mildew races 1, 2 and 3 in cultivated sunflower (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sunflower downy mildew (SDM) caused by Plasmopara halstedii, is a major disease of sunflower. Eleven resistance genes have been identified, but allelic relationships among these genes are not clear. This study examined the inheritance and allelic relationships of genes conferring resistance to SDM races 1, 2 and 3 (virulence phenotypes 100, 300 and 700, respectively) and confirmed a twelfth resistance gene. Three USDA Plant Introductions, AMES 3235, PI 497250, and PI 497938, and three released lines, RHA 266, RHA 274 and DM-2 were studied. RHA 266 has only the Pl1 gene for race 1 resistance. Digenic inheritance of resistance was found in AMES 3235, PI 497250, and RHA 274. These lines have the Pl1 and Pl12 genes, conferring resistance to race 1, and the Pl2 and Pl11 genes, conferring resistance to race 2. DM-2 and PI 497938 have Pl12 (but not Pl1 for resistance to race 1, the Pl12 gene (but not the Pl2) for resistance to race 2, and Pl5 for resistance to race 3. These resistance genes will serve as a foundation for future gene designations and genetic diversity studies of resistance to SDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00680.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrofungal diversity and community ecology in mature and regrowth wet eucalypt forest in Tasmania: A multivariate study (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Austral ecology 27 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-9993
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The biodiversity of macrofungi in mature and young regrowth Tasmanian wet forests is described at the species level and at the community level. The macrofungal communities studied were much more species-rich than their vascular plant counterparts, with the total number of macrofungal taxa outnumbering vascular plants by four to one. This ratio applied in both mature and young regrowth forest sites. Some 242 taxa of macrofungi were recorded, of which 132 were identified to species level, the remainder to species groups or higher taxa. Distinct communities could be discerned from multivariate analysis (ordination and classification) of vascular plant and macrofungal data from the mature and regrowth sites. The two vascular plant communities had different fire histories, and this difference is also assumed to account for the separation of the macrofungal communities of the two forest types. There was generally a high level of congruence between the vascular plant and the macrofungal communities. However, one young regrowth site, which was relatively close to the mature sites in the ordination space for the analysis of vascular plants, was distant from the mature forest sites for the analysis of macrofungi. Another regrowth site, which had experienced wildfire rather than silvicultural regeneration, clustered with mature sites for some analyses of the macrofungal assemblage. Variation in the macrofungal communities was correlated with a different set of the measured environmental variables than was variation in the vascular plant communities. Mature and young regrowth forests were found to have distinctly different macrofungal floras, with approximately 40% of the taxa in each forest type being restricted to that type of site. Suitable indicator taxa (restricted or preferential to particular forest types) for use in further studies are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.2002.01167.x
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