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  • Chemistry  (136)
  • Magnetism
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (45)
  • 1950-1954  (89)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 406-413 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Form and Mechanisms of Cracks and Fractures Caused by Simultaneous Corrosive and Dynamic Stress under Various FrequenciesDistinction of crack nucleation and crack propagation under variable frequencies and electrolytic corrosion. Relationship between crack nucleation and frequency due to differing sliding mechanisms. Crack propagation under decreasing frequencies causes transition from corrosion fatigue to cyclic stress corrosion cracking and finally stress corrosion cracking can be observed. Coordination of that transition with the increasing influence of the KISCC-value as determinant of the crack propagation.The influence of frequency on high temperature materals in hot gas atmosphere is mainly determined by creep mechanisms during top-load phase and the gas-metal-reactions. Accordingly the life time increases with growing load frequency.
    Notes: Anrißphase und Phase des Rißfortschritts bei der Betrachtung der Frequenzabhängigkeit unter elektrolytischer Korrosion. Abhängigkeit der Anrißphase von der Frequenz infolge unterschiedlicher Gleitmechanismen. Beim Rißfortschritt erfolgt mit sinkender Frequenz Übergang von Schwingungsrißkorrosion zu zyklischer Spannungsrißkorrosion und schließlich zu Spannungsrißkorrosion. Zuordnung dieses Übergangs zum zunehmenden Einfluß des KISCC-Wertes als Bestimmungsgröße für den Bruchvorgang.Frequenzabhängigkeit bei Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen in Heißgasatmosphäre im wesentlichen bestimmt durch Kriechvorgänge bei Einwirkung der Oberlast und zeitabhängige Gas-Metall-Reaktionen. Entsprechend verlängern sich die Standzeiten mit zunehmender Belastungsfrequenz.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Separation of polychloro biphenyls ; Separation of organochlorine pesticides ; Splitless automated injection ; Residue level ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complicated PCB mixtures can be separated in individual compounds using glass capillary gas chromatography, (GC)2. Depending on extraction and clean-up procedure it is also possible to separate and determine organochlorine pesticides at the same time.This (GC)2 technique can be used to determine the contents of individual chlorinated biphenyls in milk products and animal feedstuffs and in the analysis of complicated extracts of soil and vegetable material.Practical aspects concerning connection of the capillary, automatic splitless injection, repeatability of the retention time, quality of the column with respect to separation and adsorption and degradation of DDT are discussed.The detection of individual chlorinated biphenyls is possible at the ppb level in fats and vegetable materials, using an extraction and clean-up procedure, based on saponification of the sample.Preliminary results for milk, obtained from several areas, are shown.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 97-97 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid Chromatography ; Structure and relation of polyhalogenated aromatics ; discussed ; Silica gel/aluminium oxide compared ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Fluorescence ; Ion-pair extraction ; Amines ; Post-column reaction ; Auto-analyser ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detection system is described which is based on fluorescent ion-pair formation between tertiary amine drugs and dimethoxyanthracene sulphonate. A dynamic micro-extraction principle is then used to isolate the ion-pairs from the excess reagent. The band broadening of this extraction detector was kept below 20% using standard auto-analyser equipment. With the enhanced selectivity and sensitivity of this approach it was possible to analyse chloropheniramine in urine at ppb concentrations using a pre-column clean-up trace enrichment step.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 79-81 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Thin Layer Chromatography TLC ; Chemically bonded C8 on precoated HPTLC plates tested 6 dialcylphthalates used as test substances ; 15-20% (v/v) water in organic solvents, upper practical limit as mobile phase composition ; 11-50 min migration time for linear TLC, 50 mm height ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1977), S. 310-316 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra and gas chromatographic properties of 17 synthetic fluoro-, chloro- and Bromomethoxybiphenyls and 12 dichlorodimethoxybiphenyls have been examined. From this representative series it appears that the position of the methoxy group (ortho, meta and para to the biphenyl bond) in all monomethoxy compounds examined, and the positions of the two methoxy groups in most of the dimethoxy compounds, can be assigned unambiguously by their difference in fragmentation pattern. The value of this method was shown by metabolism experiments in which 4,4′-difluoro- and 4,4′-dibromobiphenyl were fed to rats and 4,4′-dichlorobiphenyl was administered to plants. All hydroxylated metabolites found were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Relationships between structure and gas chromatographic retention time of these compounds are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Phosphorus. 59. Synthesis and Structure of (C6H5PS)31,2,4-Triphenyl-1-thio-cyclo-3,5-dithia-1,2,4-triphosphane (C6H5PS)3 (1) is obtained in very good yield by the reaction of dipotassium triphenyltriphosphide (4) with dichloro trisulfane, as well as by the reaction of phenylphosphine with sulphur dichloride. Besides, 1 is formed, together with the cyclothiaphosphane (C6H5P)4 (3), by the reaction of a 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-dihalogen-diphosphane with hydrogen sulphide or disulfane and by the reaction of 4 and disulphur dichloride. - All of the spectroscopic data, especially the 31P nmr spectra, indicate unambiguously the heterocyclophosphane structure V with a five-membered P3S2-ring with isolated sulphur atoms, and with one of the directly connected phosphorus atoms bearing another sulphur atom in exo-position, in addition to the phenyl group.
    Notes: 1,2,4-Triphenyl-1-thio-cyclo-3,5-dithia-1,2,4-triphosphan (C6H5PS)3 (1) wird durch Reaktion von Dikalium-triphenyl-triphosphid (4) mit Dichlortrisulfan sowie durch Umsetzung von Phenylphosphin mit Schwefeldichlorid in sehr guter Ausbeute erhalten. Außerdem bildet sich 1 - zusammen mit dem Cyclo-thia-phosphan (C6H5P)4 (3) - bei der Umsetzung von 1,2-Diphenyl-1,2-dihalogen-diphosphanen mit Schwefelwasserstoff oder Disulfan sowie aus 4 und Dischwefeldichlorid. - Die Gesamtheit der spektroskopischen Befunde, insbesondere das 31P-Kernresonanzspektrum, ergibt für 1 eindeutig die Heterocyclophosphan-Struktur V mit fünfgliedrigem P3S2-Ring, in dem die S-Atome isoliert stehen und eines der direkt miteinander verbundenen P-Atome außer der Phenylgruppe noch ein exoständiges S-Atom trägt.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Complexes with Anionic Ligands of Elements of the Main Group IV. VII(1) Substitution Reactions of Carbonylnitrosyl and Nitrosyltrifluorophosphine Transition Metal Complexes with TrichlorostannidL-substitution by [SnCl3]- occurs if the nitrosyl complexes Co(NO)L3 and Fe(NO)2L2 (L = CO or PF3) are reacted with [N(C2H5)4][SnCl3] thermically in tetrahydrofuran as well as photochemically induced in methylenechloride. The complexes Co(NO)L3 yield the mono-substitution products [N(C2H5)4][Co(NO)L2SnCl3], with the iron compounds Fe(NO)2L2 only the disubstituted derivative [N(C2H5)4]2[Fe(NO)2(SnCl3)2] can be isolated. On the other hand CO substitution at (π-C5H5)Mo(NO)(CO)2 by UV irradiation did not suceed both with [SnCl3]- and with PF3. From the IR-spectroscopic data a leastly with PCl3 comparable π-acceptor ability is derived for the trichlorostannido ligand.
    Notes: Die Nitrosylkomplexe Co(NO)L3 und Fe(NO)2L2 (L = CO bzw. PF3) gehen sowohl unter thermischen Bedingungen in Tetrahydrofuran wie auch photochemisch induziert in Methylenchlorid mit [N(C2H5)4][SnCl3] L/SnCl3--Substitutionsreaktionen ein. Ausgehend von Co(NO)L3 erhält man die Tetraäthylammoniumsalze der Nitrosyltrichlorstannido-metallat-Komplexe [Co(NO)L2(SnCl3)]-. Bei Fe(NO)2L2 läuft die Reaktion stets zum allein isolierbaren [N(C2H5)4]2[Fe(NO)2(SnCl3)2] durch. Hingegen geht (π-C5H5)Mo(NO)(CO)2 weder mit [SnCl3]- noch mit PF3 unter UV-Bedingungen einen CO-Austausch ein. Aus den IR-spektroskopischen Daten wird für den Trichlorstannido-Liganden ein zumindest mit dem PCl3 vergleichbares π-Akzeptorvermögen abgeleitet.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Complexes with Anionic Ligands of Main Group IV Elements. XI. Substitution Reactions of Trichlorogermide and Trichlorostannide Ions with Metaltrifluorophosphine ComplexesThe photochemical reactions of [SnCl3]- in THF with the metal(0)-trifluorophosphine complexes of Ni, Fe, and Mo result in [Ni(PF3)3SnCl3]-, [Fe(PF3)3(SnCl2]-, and [Mo(PF3)5SnCl3]-. [GeCl3]-, in substitution reactions not as reactive as [SnCl3]-, does react under similar conditions with Fe(NO)2(PF3)2 only, to yield [Fe(NO)2(PF3)GeCl3]-. With CpMn(PF3)3 (Cp = h5-C5H5) by the intermediatly formed CpMn(PF3)2THF both substitution derivatives [CpMn(PF3)2ECl3]- (E = Ge, Sn) are found. The metallate(0) complexes are isolated as [As(C6H5))4]+- and [N(C2H5)4]+ -salts; the i.r.- and 19F-n.m.r.-spectra are reported.
    Notes: Unter UV-Bedingungen in THF liefern [SnCl3]--Ionen mit den Metall(0)-trifluorphosphinen von Nickel, Eisen und Molybdän die Metallat(0)-Komplexe [Ni(PF3)3SnCl3]-, [Fe(PF3)3(SnCl3)2]2- und [Mo(PF3)5SnCl3]-. Hingegen bildet das bei Substitutionsreaktionen hinter dem [SnCl3]-. Ion zurückstehende [GeCl3]-.-Ion unter ähnlich drastischen Bedingungen lediglich mit Fe(NO)2(PF3)2 das Monosubstitutionsprodukt [Fe(NO)2(PF3)GeCl3]-. Aus CpMn(PF3)3 (Cp = h5-C5H5) sind über den intermediär gebildeten Komplex CpMn(PF3)2THF beide Substitutionsderivate [CpMn(PF3)2ECl3]- (E=Ge, Sn) leicht zugänglich. Die Metallatkomplexe werden als [As(C6H5)4]+- bzw. [N(C2H5)4]+ -Salze isoliert; ihre IR- und 19F-NMR-Daten werden mitgeteilt.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Complexes with Anionic Ligands of the Main Group IV Elements. IX. Reactions of Trichlorostannide and Trichlorogermide Ions with Complexes of Transition Metals in Low Oxidation StatesCarhonyl trichlorostannido- and carbonyl trichlorogermido-metalate complexes have been synthesized both by photochemical and thermical substitution reactions of [ECl3]- ions (E = Sn, Ge) with M(CO)6, (M = Cr, Mo, W), Fe(CO)5 Fe3(CO)12, Co2(CO)8, as well as with the metalcarbonyl derivatives (π-arene)M(CO)3, (M = Cr, Mo), (h5-C5,H5,)V(CO)4, Mn(CO)5,Cl, Co(NO)(CO)3, and Fe(NO)2,(CO)2. Mainly the bonding properties of the [ECl3]- ligands are discussed by means of i.r. spectroscopic investigations. The progress of the reactions and the necessary reaction conditions show that the nucleophilic properties oft both anions [ECl3]- are unexpectedly small. The slightly weaker hasicity of [SnCl3]- compared with [GeC13]- arreared, when both anions were reacted with Co2,(CO)8, forming the substitution product. [Co2,(CO)7,SnCl3]- and the products of a “base reaction” Cl3GcCo(CO)4, and [Co(CO)4]-.
    Notes: Unter photochemischen wie auch thermischen Bedingungen werden insbesondere Carbonyl-trichlorstannido (bzw. trichlorgermido)-metallat-Komplexe durch Substitutionsreaktionen von [SnCl3]-- bzw. [GeCl3]--Ionen an den Metallcarbonylen M(CO)6 (M = Cr, Mo, W), Fe(CO)5, Fe3(CO)12 und Co2(CO)8 sowie an den Metallcarbonylderivaten π-ArenM(CO)3 (M = Cr, Mo), (h5-C5H5)V(CO)4, Mn(CO)5Cl, Co(NO)(CO)3 und Fe(NO)2(CO)2 dargestellt und als [N(C2H5)4]+ - bzw. [As(C6H5)4]+-Salze isoliert. Anhand der IR-Spektren werden ihre Bindungsverhältnisse diskutiert. Aus den Reaktionsabläufen und den hierzu erforderlichen Reaktionsbedingungen darf eine unerwartet geringe Nukleophilie der beiden [ECl3]--Liganden (E = Ge, Sn) abgeleitet werden. Obgleich das Trichlorstannid-Ion  -  das mit Oktacarbonyldikobalt immerhin noch das Substitutionsprodukt [Co2(CO)7SnCl3]- liefert, während [GeCl3]- unter analogen Bedingungen bereits eine „Basenreaktion“ zum Cl3GeCo(CO)4 und [Co(CO)4]- indiziert  -  im Vergleich zum Trichlorgermid-Ion die am schwächsten ausgeprägte Basizität besitzt, kann ein prinzipiell unterschiedliches komplexchemisches Reaktionsverhalten beider Anionen nicht festgestellt werden.
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