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  • Elsevier  (629)
  • Wiley  (206)
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 2005-2009  (835)
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  • 1
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    Force spectroscopy of hepatocytic extracellular matrix components (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0304-3991
    Digitale ISSN: 1879-2723
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Elsevier
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Refinement of Protein Structures into Low-Resolution Density Maps Using Rosetta (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2836
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-8638
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Elsevier
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Crystal Structures of the Staphylococcal Toxin SSL5 in Complex with Sialyl Lewis X Reveal a Conserved Binding Site that Shares Common Features with Viral and Bacterial Sialic Acid Binding Proteins (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2836
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-8638
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Elsevier
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  • 4
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    The Structure of 3-Deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate Synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reveals a Common Catalytic Scaffold and Ancestry for Type I and Type II Enzymes (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2836
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-8638
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Elsevier
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Experimental study of bubble growth in Stromboli basalt melts at 1 atm (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-03
    Beschreibung: Volcanic eruptions are characterized by intense degassing, thus it is imperative to have high quality laboratory data to constrain degassing mechanisms. In order to investigate bubble formation and growth at 1 atm, degassing experiments using a Stromboli basalt were performed on the GSECARS X-ray beamline at the Advanced Photon Source. Volatile-bearing glasses were synthesized at 1250 °C and 1000 MPa in a piston cylinder with H2O or mixtures of H2O+CO2; they were then heated in-situ on the X-ray beamline at 1 atm. Bubble growth was observed in-situ using X-ray radiography. The 3D bubble size distributions in the quenched samples and a natural Stromboli pumice were studied by synchrotron X-ray microtomography. The results show that bubble nucleation and growth in basaltic melts are volatile-concentration dependent. Bubbles can easily form in melts initially containing high volatile concentrations. The effect of CO2 on bubble nucleation and growth becomes significant at large CO2 concentrations of 880 to 1480 ppm, but is not important at lower concentrations. Multiple nucleation events occur in most of these degassing experiments, and they are more pronounced in more supersaturated melts. Bubble growth is controlled by viscosity near glass transition temperatures and by diffusion at higher temperatures. Bubbles begin to pop 10 to 20 s after a foam is developed at vesicularities of 65% to 83%. Bubble size distributions follow power–law relations at vesicularities of 1% to 65%, and bubble size distributions evolve from power–law relations to exponential relations at vesicularities of 65% to 83%. This evolution is associated with the change from far-from-equilibrium degassing to near-equilibrium degassing. During far-from-equilibrium degassing, multiple nucleation events are pronounced, and possibly account for the generation of power–law relations. When the system reaches near-equilibrium degassing, coalescence is dominant and leads to the formation of bubbles of similar size. Therefore, bubble size distributions are described by exponential relations.
    Beschreibung: NSERC
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 533-547
    Beschreibung: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): basalt ; Stromboli ; bubble size distribution ; degassing ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 6
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    Halogens in volcanic systems (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The transport, degassing and atmospheric release of halogens from active volcanism on Earth have been the 12 focus of increasing interest over the last few decades, and have recently been the subject of the 1st workshop 13 on “Halogens in volcanic systems and their environmental impacts” that was held in December of 2007 at 14 Yosemite Lodge in Yosemite National Park, California. As an introduction to this Chemical Geology special 15 issue, collecting contributions from many of the participants at the workshop, we review here recent 16 advances in this field, including experimental and theoretical investigations of halogen behaviour in volcanic 17 and related magmatic systems. We discuss previous research on several aspects of halogen geochemistry, 18 including halogen abundances in the mantle and magmas on Earth; the effects of halogens on phase 19 equilibria and melt viscosities; their partitioning between melt and fluid phase(s) upon decompression, 20 cooling and crystallisation of magmas in the ^ Earth's crust; and their final atmospheric release as volcanic 21 gases. The role of halogens in the genesis of hydrothermal systems and in the transport of ore-forming metals 22 is also reviewed, and we discuss our current understanding of atmospheric processing of volcanic halogens in 23 both the troposphere and stratosphere, and their consequent impacts. In spite of these recent advancements, 24 our current understanding of halogen geochemistry at active volcanoes is still far too fragmentary, and the 25 key questions that require answers from future research are summarised in our conclusions.
    Beschreibung: PRIN 2008 and DPC-INGV 1381 2007-2009 grants; NSERC Dis- 1382 covery grant; NSF award EAR 0308866
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Halogens ; Volcanic gas ; Ore deposits ; Atmospheric effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 7
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    Halogens in volcanic systems (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The transport, degassing and atmospheric release of halogens from active volcanism on Earth have been the focus of increasing interest over the last few decades, and have recently been the subject of the 1st workshop on “Halogens in volcanic systems and their environmental impacts” that was held in December of 2007 at Yosemite Lodge in Yosemite National Park, California. As an introduction to this Chemical Geology special issue, collecting contributions from many of the participants at the workshop, we review here recent advances in this field, including experimental and theoretical investigations of halogen behaviour in volcanic and related magmatic systems. We discuss previous research on several aspects of halogen geochemistry, including halogen abundances in the mantle and magmas on Earth; the effects of halogens on phase equilibria and melt viscosities; their partitioning between melt and fluid phase(s) upon decompression, cooling and crystallisation of magmas in the Earth's crust; and their final atmospheric release as volcanic gases. The role of halogens in the genesis of hydrothermal systems and in the transport of ore-forming metals is also reviewed, and we discuss our current understanding of atmospheric processing of volcanic halogens in both the troposphere and stratosphere, and their consequent impacts. In spite of these recent advancements, our current understanding of halogen geochemistry at active volcanoes is still far too fragmentary, and the key questions that require answers from future research are summarised in our conclusions.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-18
    Beschreibung: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Halogens ; Magmatic fluids ; Ore deposits ; Volcanic degassing ; Volcanic gas ; Atmospheric effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 8
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    Halogen diffusion in a basaltic melt (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The diffusion of the halogens fluorine, chlorine, and bromine was measured in a hawaiitic melt from Mt. Etna at 500 MPa and 1.0 GPa, 1250 to 1450 ºC at anhydrous conditions; the diffusion of F and Cl in the melt was also studied with about 3 wt% of dissolved water. Experiments were performed using the diffusion-couple technique in a piston cylinder. Most experiments were performed with only one halogen diffusing between the halogen-enriched and halogen-poor halves of the diffusion couple, but a few experiments with a mixture of halogens (F, Cl, Br) were also performed in order to investigate the possibility of interactions between the halogens during diffusion. Fluorine and chlorine diffusivity show a very similar behavior, slightly diverging at low temperature. Bromine diffusion is a factor of about 2 to 5 lower than the other halogens in this study. Diffusion coefficients for fluorine range between 2.3x10−11 and 1.4x10−10 m2s−1, for chlorine between 1.1x10−11 and 1.3x10−10 and for bromine between 9.4x10−12 and 6.8x10−11 m2s−1. No pressure effect was detected at the conditions investigated. In experiments involving mixed halogens, the diffusivities appear to decrease slightly (by a factor of ~ 3), and are more uniform among the three elements. However, activation energies for diffusion do not appear to differ between experiments with individual halogens or when they are all mixed together. The effect of water increases the diffusion coefficients of F and Cl by no more than a factor of 3 compared to the anhydrous melt (DF = 4.0x10−11 to 1.6x10−10 m2s−1; DCl = 3.0x10−11 to 1.9x10−10 m2s−1). Comparing our results to the diffusion coefficients of other volatiles in nominally dry basaltic melts, halogen diffusivities are about one order of magnitude lower than H2O, similar to CO2, and a factor of ~5 higher than S. The contrasting volatile diffusivities may affect the variable extent of volatile degassing upon melt depressurization and vesiculation, and can help our understanding of the compositions of rapidly grown magmatic bubbles.
    Beschreibung: NSERC Discovery grant INGV-DPC 2004-2006 Projects (V3_6 – Etna)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3570-3580
    Beschreibung: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Diffusion ; Halogens ; Basalt ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 9
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    Modeling the interplay of fO2 and fS2 along the FeS-silicate melt equilibrium (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper we will discuss a simplified thermodynamic description for the saturation of FeS, either liquid or solid, in magmatic melts. The Conjugated-Toop–Samis–Flood–Grjotheim model [Moretti R. and Ottonello G., 2005. Solubility and speciation of sulfur in silicate melts, the Conjugated-Toop–Samis–Flood–Grjotheim (CTSFG) model. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69, 801–823] has furnished the theoretical reference frame, since it already accounts for the solubility of gaseous sulfur and the speciation and oxidation state of sulfur in silicate melts. We provide a new model to predict the saturation of magmatic silicate melts with an FeS phase that is internally consistent with these previous parameterizations. The derived model provides an effective sulfogeobarometer, which is superior with respect to previous models. For magmas rising from depth to surface, our appraisal of molar volumes of sulfur-bearing species in silicate melts allows us to model oxidation–reduction processes at different pressures, and sulfur concentrations for saturationwith either liquid or solid phases. In this respect, the nature of the oxygen fugacity buffer is critical. On the basis of model results on some typical compositions of volcanological interest, the sulfur contents at sulfide saturation (SCSS) have been calculated and the results duplicate the experimental observations that the SCSS is positively correlatedwith pressure forwatersaturated acidic melts and negatively correlated with pressure for water-poor basaltic melts. This new model provides fO2–fS2 pairs of FeS saturation of natural silicatemelts. In caseswhere the redox constraint is lacking, the model can be used to investigate whether the dissolved sulfur content approaches SCSS or not, and if so, to estimate at which fO2 value the silicate melt is saturated with a sulfide phase
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 286–298
    Beschreibung: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Beschreibung: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Sulfur ; Silicate melt ; Iron sulfide ; Chemical thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 10
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    Halogen diffusion in magmatic systems: Our current state of knowledge (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Diffusion of halogens has the potential to influence petrogenetic processes in magma chambers and conduit degassing processes. This contribution reviews our current state of knowledge concerning halogen diffusion and the influence of halogens on the diffusion of major elements in silicate melts. The addition of halogens to silicate melts at common, natural concentration levels will have little effect on the diffusion of major elements. However, the differences between the diffusivity of water, the diffusivities of halogens, and the diffusivity of sulfur are significant enough that during melt inclusion entrapment, or during rapid bubble or crystal growth, diffusive fractionation betweenwater and the halogens, and between halogens and sulfur, are expected to occur and can influence the compositions of melt inclusions, crystals and volcanic gases.
    Beschreibung: NSERC Discovery grant to D.R.B
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Halogens ; Diffusion ; Magmatic processes ; Volcanic gas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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