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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1)
  • Cambridge University Press  (1)
  • Royal Society
  • 2010-2014  (2)
  • 1
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    Activation of beta-catenin in dendritic cells regulates immunity versus tolerance in the intestine (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-14
    Description: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a vital role in initiating robust immunity against pathogens as well as maintaining immunological tolerance to self antigens. However, the intracellular signaling networks that program DCs to become tolerogenic remain unknown. We report here that the Wnt-beta-catenin signaling in intestinal dendritic cells regulates the balance between inflammatory versus regulatory responses in the gut. beta-catenin in intestinal dendritic cells was required for the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators such as retinoic acid-metabolizing enzymes, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-beta, and the stimulation of regulatory T cell induction while suppressing inflammatory effector T cells. Furthermore, ablation of beta-catenin expression in DCs enhanced inflammatory responses and disease in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, beta-catenin signaling programs DCs to a tolerogenic state, limiting the inflammatory response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732486/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732486/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manicassamy, Santhakumar -- Reizis, Boris -- Ravindran, Rajesh -- Nakaya, Helder -- Salazar-Gonzalez, Rosa Maria -- Wang, Yi-Chong -- Pulendran, Bali -- HHSN266 200700006C/PHS HHS/ -- N01 AI50019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01 AI50025/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI056499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK057665/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01DK057665,/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI048638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK057665/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37AI48638,/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19AI057266,/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057157/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54AI057157/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 13;329(5993):849-53. doi: 10.1126/science.1188510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Emory Vaccine Center, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20705860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/*immunology/metabolism ; Macrophages/immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Self Tolerance ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology ; Tretinoin/metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Carbon isotope signatures of pedogenic carbonates from SE China: rapid atmospheric pCO2 changes during middle-late Early Cretaceous time (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-15
    Description: Lower Cretaceous pedogenic carbonates exposed in SE China have been dated by U–Pb isotope measurements on single zircons taken from intercalated volcanic rocks, and the ages integrated with existing stratigraphy. 13 C values of calcretes range from –7.0 to –3.0 and can be grouped into five episodes of increasing–decreasing values. The carbon isotope proxy derived from these palaeosol carbonates suggests p CO 2 mostly in the range 1000–2000 parts per million by volume (ppmV) at S ( z ) (CO 2 contributed by soil respiration) = 2500 ppmV and 25°C during the Hauterivian–Albian interval ( c . 30 Ma duration). Such atmospheric CO 2 levels are 4–8 times pre-industrial values, almost double those estimated by geochemical modelling and much higher than those established from stomatal indices in fossil plants. Rapid rises in p CO 2 are identified for early Hauterivian, middle Barremian, late Aptian, early Albian and middle Albian time, and rapid falls for intervening periods. These episodic cyclic changes in p CO 2 are not attributed to local tectonism and volcanism but rather to global changes. The relationship between reconstructed p CO 2 and the development of large igneous provinces (LIPs) remains unclear, although large-scale extrusion of basalt may well be responsible for relatively high atmospheric levels of this greenhouse gas. Suggested levels of relatively low p CO 2 correspond in timing to intervals of regional to global enrichment of marine carbon in sediments and negative carbon isotope ( 13 C) excursions characteristic of the oceanic anoxic events OAE1a (Selli Event), Kilian and Paquier events (constituting part of the OAE 1b cluster) and OAE1d. Short-term episodes of high p CO 2 coincide with negligible carbon isotope excursions associated with the Faraoni Event and the Jacob Event. Given that episodes of regional organic carbon burial would draw down CO 2 and negative 13 C excursions indicate the addition of isotopically light carbon to the ocean–atmosphere system, controls on the carbon cycle in controlling p CO 2 during Early Cretaceous time were clearly complex and made more so by atmospheric composition also being affected by changes in silicate weathering intensity.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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