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  • 1
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    Observing Earth’s magnetic environment with the GRACE-FO mission (2021)
    Stolle, C. ; Michaelis, I. ; Xiong, C. ; [et al.]
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission carries magnetometers that are dedicated to enhance the satellite’s navigation. After appropriate calibration and characterisation of artificial magnetic disturbances, these observations are valuable assets to characterise the natural variability of Earth’s magnetic field. We describe the data pre-processing, the calibration, and characterisation strategy against a high-precision magnetic field model applied to the GRACE-FO magnetic data. During times of geomagnetic quiet conditions, the mean residual to the magnetic model is around 1 nT with standard deviations below 10 nT. The mean difference to data of ESA’s Swarm mission, which is dedicated to monitor the Earth’s magnetic field, is mainly within ± 10 nT during conjunctions. The performance of GRACE-FO magnetic data is further discussed on selected scientific examples. During a magnetic storm event in August 2018, GRACE-FO reveals the local time dependence of the magnetospheric ring current signature, which is in good agreement with results from a network of ground magnetic observations. Also, derived field-aligned currents (FACs) are applied to monitor auroral FACs that compare well in amplitude and statistical behaviour for local time, hemisphere, and solar wind conditions to approved earlier findings from other missions including Swarm. On a case event, it is demonstrated that the dual-satellite constellation of GRACE-FO is most suitable to derive the persistence of auroral FACs with scale lengths of 180 km or longer. Due to a relatively larger noise level compared to dedicated magnetic missions, GRACE-FO is especially suitable for high-amplitude event studies. However, GRACE-FO is also sensitive to ionospheric signatures even below the noise level within statistical approaches. The combination with data of dedicated magnetic field missions and other missions carrying non-dedicated magnetometers greatly enhances related scientific perspectives.
    Description: European Space Agency (FR)
    Description: HEIBRIDS
    Description: Projekt DEAL
    Description: ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace-fo/MAGNETIC_FIELD
    Keywords: ddc:538.7 ; Earth’s magnetic field ; Geomagnetism ; Ionospheric currents ; Magnetospheric ring current ; Satellite-based magnetometers ; Platform magnetometers ; GRACE-FO
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Grundwasser in ehemaligen deutschen Steinkohlenrevieren – ein wissenschaftlicher Blickwinkel auf Grubenflutungen (2020)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Zum Ende des Jahres 2018 wurde in Deutschland der Steinkohlenbergbau eingestellt. Damit beginnt auch in den bis zuletzt aktiven Revieren die Phase des Nachbergbaus inklusive einer dauerhaften Wasserhaltung. Diese beinhaltet typischerweise eine teilweise Grubenflutung und die Ableitung von Grubenwasser in nahegelegene Vorfluter. Im Blickpunkt der öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Diskussion stehen bergbauliche Schadstoffquellen und deren Risiken für die oberflächennahen Trinkwasserressourcen. Es existieren eine Reihe Kriterien und Kontrollmechanismen, um potenziellen Schadstoffaustrag zu erkennen und zu verhindern. Dazu zählen moderne Monitoringprogramme und Modellanwendungen, welche bestehende Schadstoffprognosen verbessern können. Daneben ist auch eine rechtlich und fachlich begründete Bewertung von Gefahrenszenarios eine entscheidende Größe für nachhaltiges Risikomanagement. Der Grubenwasseranstieg eröffnet jedoch auch Chancen, ehemalige Bergwerke für energetische Nutzungen umzurüsten. Bereits heute werden Heizkraftwerke mit Grubenwasser betrieben und es besteht großes Ausbaupotenzial. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Chancen und Risiken von Grubenflutungen in Deutschland und gibt einen Ausblick, welche Entwicklungen und Herausforderungen in Zukunft zu erwarten sind.
    Description: Universität Greifswald (1032)
    Description: Groundwater in former German coal mining areas—a scientific perspective on mine floodings
    Keywords: ddc:522 ; Mine water ; Hard coal mining ; Flooding ; Post-mining ; Monitoring
    Language: German
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
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    Electoral Politics in Crisis After the Great Recession (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This book examines to what extent politics in Iceland have been transformed in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. The book focuses on whether the short-term sudden shock caused by the Great Recession has permanently transformed politics, political behaviour and the Icelandic party system or whether its effect was primarily transitory. These questions remain highly relevant to the wider field of political science, as the book examines under what circumstances sudden shocks lead to permanent changes in a political system. As such, the book situates the post-crisis Icelandic case both temporally and comparatively and evaluates to what extent the Iceland experience is reflective of broader patterns found in other Western democracies, particularly those other countries that were also hard hit by the Great Recession (e.g. Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Italy). This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of Nordic politics, Icelandic politics and society, electoral studies, political parties and party systems, representative democracy, political behaviour and more broadly to European and comparative politics.
    Keywords: Politics and government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This open access book offers essential information on values-based practice (VBP): the clinical skills involved, teamwork and person-centered care, links between values and evidence, and the importance of partnerships in shared decision-making. Different cultures have different values; for example, partnership in decision-making looks very different, from the highly individualized perspective of European and North American cultures to the collective and family-oriented perspectives common in South East Asia. In turn, African cultures offer yet another perspective, one that falls between these two extremes (called batho pele). The book will benefit everyone concerned with the practical challenges of delivering mental health services. Accordingly, all contributions are developed on the basis of case vignettes, and cover a range of situations in which values underlie tensions or uncertainties regarding how to proceed in clinical practice. Examples include the patient’s autonomy and best interest, the physician’s commitment to establishing high standards of clinical governance, clinical versus community best interest, institutional versus clinical interests, patients insisting on medically unsound but legal treatments etc. Thus far, VBP publications have mainly dealt with clinical scenarios involving individual values (of clinicians and patients). Our objective with this book is to develop a model of VBP that is culturally much broader in scope. As such, it offers a vital resource for mental health stakeholders in an increasingly inter-connected world. It also offers opportunities for cross-learning in values-based practice between cultures with very different clinical care traditions.
    Keywords: Psychiatry ; Psychology, general ; Ethics ; Behavioral Sciences and Psychology ; Moral Philosophy and Applied Ethics ; Assessment and diagnosis ; Evidence based practice ; Culture ; Abuse of psychiatry ; Medical ethics ; Medical law ; Psychosis ; Spirituality ; Involuntary treatment ; Insanity defence ; Medical education ; open access ; Psychology ; Ethics & moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKL Psychiatry ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Comprendre la mondialisation II (2021)
    Éditions de la Bibliothèque publique d’information
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Après l'économie, nous continuons à explorer les multiples composants de la mondialisation. Des analystes politiques nous éclairent sur les mutations en cours : le rôle des États face à l'émancipation des forces économiques, le jeu des organisations supranationales, l'avenir de la démocratie à l'ère du global, les formes d'appropriation ou de rejet de la mondialisation par les citoyens... Citoyens du monde, mondialité... L'explosion des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communi...
    Keywords: mondialisation ; Union Européenne ; information planétaire ; multiculturalisme ; monde globalisé ; contrastes
    Language: French
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    E-BOOK
  • 6
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    Numerical modeling of microplastic interaction with fine sediment under estuarine conditions (2023)
    Elsevier BV
    In:  EPIC3Water Research, Elsevier BV, 231, pp. 119564-119564, ISSN: 0043-1354
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-06
    Description: Microplastic (MP) pollution is an important challenge for human life which has consequently affected the natural system of other organisms. Mismanagement and also careless handling of plastics in daily life has led to an accelerating contamination of air, water and soil compartments with MP. Under estuarine conditions, interactions with suspended particulate matter (SPM) like fine sediment in the water column play an important role on the fate of MP. Further studies to better understand the corresponding transport and accumulation mechanisms are required. This paper aims at providing a new modeling approach improving the MP settling velocity formulation based on higher suspended fine sediment concentrations, as i.e. existent in estuarine turbidity zones (ETZ). The capability of the suggested approach is examined through the modeling of released MP transport in water and their interactions with fine sediment (cohesive sediment/fluid mud). The model results suggest higher concentrations of MP in ETZ, both in the water column as well as the bed sediment, which is also supported by measurements. The key process in the modeling approach is the integration of small MP particles into estuarine fine sediment aggregates. This is realized by means of a threshold sediment concentration, above which the effective MP settling velocity increasingly approaches that of the sediment aggregates. The model results are in good agreement with measured MP mass concentrations. Moreover, the model results also show that lighter small MP particles can easier escape the ETZ towards the open sea.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 7
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    Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa (2023)
    Mushroom Research Foundation
    In:  Mycosphere vol. 14 no. 1, pp. 1960-2012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and funguslike taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, ‘to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation’, or ‘are there too many genera in the Boletales?’ and even more importantly, ‘what should be done with the tremendously diverse ‘dark fungal taxa?’ There are undeniable differences in mycologists’ perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others’ work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts (2023)
    Copernicus Publications
    In:  EPIC3Earth System Science Data, Copernicus Publications, 15(5), pp. 2009-2023, ISSN: 1866-3508
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions, and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e. two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset comprises (1) detailed review-style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; (2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterize management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and impacts of all events; and (3) a table of the indicators of change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paired events based on the indicators of change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses, e.g. focused on causal links between risk management; changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability; and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration, and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al., 2023, 10.5880/GFZ.4.4.2023.001).
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    The Discovery and Preliminary Geological and Faunal Descriptions of Three New Steinahóll Vent Sites, Reykjanes Ridge, Iceland (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: During RV MS Merian expedition MSM75, an international, multidisciplinary team explored the Reykjanes Ridge from June to August 2018. The first area of study, Steinahóll (150–350 m depth), was chosen based on previous seismic data indicating hydrothermal activity. The sampling strategy included ship- and AUV-mounted multibeam surveys, Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), Epibenthic Sledge (EBS), and van Veen grab (vV) deployments. Upon returning to Steinahóll during the final days of MSM75, hydrothermal vent sites were discovered using the ROV Phoca (Kiel, GEOMAR). Here we describe and name three new, distinct hydrothermal vent site vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs); Hafgufa, Stökkull, Lyngbakr. The hydrothermal vent sites consisted of multiple anhydrite chimneys with large quantities of bacterial mats visible. The largest of the three sites (Hafgufa) was mapped, and reconstructed in 3D. In total 23,310 individual biological specimens were sampled comprising 41 higher taxa. Unique fauna located in the hydrothermally venting areas included two putative new species of harpacticoid copepod (Tisbe sp. nov. and Amphiascus sp. nov.), as well as the sponge Lycopodina cupressiformis (Carter, 1874). Capitellidae Grube, 1862 and Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919 families dominated hydrothermally influenced samples for polychaetes. Around the hydrothermally influenced sites we observed a notable lack of megafauna, with only a few species being present. While we observed hydrothermal associations, the overall species composition is very similar to that seen at other shallow water vent sites in the north of Iceland, such as the Mohns Ridge vent fields, particularly with peracarid crustaceans. We therefore conclude the community overall reflects the usual “background” fauna of Iceland rather than consisting of “vent endemic” communities as is observed in deeper vent systems, with a few opportunistic species capable of utilizing this specialist environment.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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  • 10
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    Vegetation associations of the endangered Fountain Darter Etheostoma fonticola (2021)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1863-5407
    Electronic ISSN: 1613-4796
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Inter-Research
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    PAPER CURRENT
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