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  • Springer  (13)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (2)
  • Emerald  (1)
  • Geological Society of America (GSA)
  • Amsterdam : Elsevier
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (16)
  • 1997  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterisation of glutamine synthetase from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and demonstration of elevated expression during pathogenesis on Stylosanthes guianensis (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 31 (1997), S. 447-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Expression quantification ; Glutamine synthetase ; Pathogenesis ; Nitrogen metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Experiments were designed to clone and identify genes of the fungal phytopathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides expressed at high levels during growth on the compatible host Stylosanthes guianensis when compared with expression in axenic culture. A cDNA clone (pCgGS) that hybridised preferentially to a cDNA probe prepared from infected leaves was isolated by the differential screening of a cDNA library from a nitrogen-starved axenic culture of C. gloeosporioides. The DNA sequence of pCgGS is highly homologous to genes for glutamine synthetase (GS) in other organisms. pCgGS contained all of the conserved regions assigned as catalytic domains in GS enzymes. Comparison with genomic sequences indicated that in C. gloeosporioides the GS gene is present as a single copy with three introns. To our knowledge this is the first report of the cloning of a GS from a filamentous fungus. A second clone (pCgRL1) was also isolated and represented a partial cDNA of the 25s rRNA of C. gloeosporioides. Because pCgRL1 did not hybridise to plant rRNA under high-stringency hybridisation conditions, it was used as a reference to quantify the expression of fungal GS mRNA during pathogenesis in S. guianensis compared to fungal growth in axenic culture. The results indicated that elevated expression of GS occurred during pathogenesis of C. gloeosporioides on S. guianensis, particularly at early stages of infection where expression was about six-times higher than during growth in rich culture media. This work also demonstrates that fungal-specific 25s rRNA fragments, such as pCgRL1, have considerable utility as a reference for quantifying pathogen gene expression in infected plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050228
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fragment rotational distributions from the dissociation of NeBr2: Experimental and classical trajectory studies (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 5454-5467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Br2 fragment rotational distributions that result from the vibrational predissociation of NeBr2 in the B electronic state have been measured for several initial vibrational levels. In each case, the rotational distributions extend to the effective energetic limit determined by the amount of energy available (Eavl) for disposal into the fragment rotational and translational degrees of freedom. Analysis of the data allows refinement of the NeBr2 dissociation energy; we find that D0=70.0±1.1 cm−1 for the X electronic state, v=0. Both Δv=−1 and −2 dissociation events have been examined. For dissociation pathways with approximately the same value of Eavl the Δv=−2 pathways are observed to have a higher fraction of the fragment energy in rotational excitation. The overall shape of the Δv=−1 distributions are insensitive to the value of Eavl, suggesting that a Franck–Condon model for the dissociation may have some validity, though quantitative quantum mechanical calculations demonstrate that this model does not reproduce the large degree of fragment rotational excitation. Two classical models for the dissociation also fail to reproduce the extent of fragment rotational distribution. This result is discussed in light of previous experimental and theoretical investigations, focusing on the apparent agreement of classical models with the IBr fragment rotational distributions that result from the dissociation of NeIBr. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473570
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of porous media studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 7802-7809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The filling processes of water and cyclohexane in porous silica (40 Å, 60 Å and 112 Å pore size samples) were studied using T2 nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) experiments. The silica pores contained water or cyclohexane and the experiments were performed at room temperature and at filling fractions ranging from 0.02 to 1.0 (that is, completely full). Two distinct processes were observed which depended on the hydrophilicity of the silica surface (or the surface adhesion of the liquid). Water was found to collect in small puddles in the silica interstices, and to form a surface layer over the silica before the remaining pore volume was filled. Water in a surface-treated porous silica and cyclohexane in regular porous silica appeared to completely fill the smaller before the larger pores, and not form a separate surface-coating layer. This work also presents the techniques used to calculate quantitative information about the filling process; specifically, determination of the volume to surface-area ratio of the liquid puddles as well as the number of these puddles, is demonstrated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473780
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen plasma transport and deposition of films from a solid boron source (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 3277-3282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thin boron films were produced on Si substrates from a solid boron source and a hydrogen plasma. The plasma was generated using a 13.56 MHz generator and films were deposited with a forward radio frequency (RF) power of 2.0 kW. At pressures from 0.931–2.26×102 Pa under high hydrogen concentrations a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) was observed whereas at low hydrogen concentrations an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was observed. The films were predominantly deposited with an ICP but in one case a film was deposited using a CCP discharge. The deposited films consisted primarily of boron, but they also contained oxygen and silicon. The films were amorphous at 225 and 350°C, but revealed X-ray diffractions at 475°C. It was concluded that the hydrogen concentration, RF plasma power and surface temperature as well as the plasma-boron source interactions strongly influenced the film thickness and composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018631608153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SURGE process - a time-to-market approach to reliability improvement (1997)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of quality & reliability management 14 (1997), S. 834-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-671X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: States that the time taken to deliver a product to the market determines a company's success, and that research has shown that a delay of six months leads to 33 per cent of its potential profit being lost. Explores the existing method of assessing new product reliability, namely reliability demonstrating testing, and presents its numerous shortcomings and deficiencies. Analyses the results of performing reliability demonstration testing on eight products which support the viewpoint that it is no longer appropriate. Proposes a SURGE (stress unveiled reliability growth enhancement) process, leading to significant saving in development time and thereby time-to-market while providing a more reliable product and process. Places emphasis on the control of all of the development processes, design, manufacturing, and materials procurement and producing prototype units via the intended volume process. Performs monitoring by appropriate stress testing designed to precipitate all potential defects and involves testing beyond design specification. By correcting defects on the product, and ultimately on the processes which produced them, develops more reliable products. Concludes that the results of the SURGE process have led to a reduction in development times of 14 per cent while also reducing the time taken to ramp up to full volume production by 50 per cent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656719710181376
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterisation of microsatellites from hexaploid bread wheat (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 557-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Wheat ; PCR ; Microsatellite ; Simple sequence repeats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The development of large panels of simple-to-analyse genetic markers for tagging agronomically important genes and diversity studies in hexaploid bread wheat is an important goal in applied cereal genetic research. We have isolated and sequenced over 200 clones containing microsatellites from the wheat genome and have tested 153 primer pairs for genetic polymorphism using a panel of ten wheat varieties, including the parents of our main mapping cross. A subset comprising 49 primer pairs detects 76 loci, of which 74 can be unequivocably allocated to one of the wheat chromosomes. A relatively low frequency of the loci detected are from the D genome, and these loci show less polymorphism than those from the A and B genomes. Generally, the microsatellites show high levels of genetic polymorphism and an average of 3.5 alleles per locus with an average polymorphism information content (PIC), value of 0.51. The observed levels of polymorphism are positively correlated with the length of the microsatellite repeats. A high proportion, approximately two-thirds, of primer pairs designed to detect simple sequence repeat (SSR) variation in wheat do not generate the expected amplification products and, more significantly, often generate unresolvable PCR products. In general, our results agree closely with those obtained from other recent studies using microsatellites in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050451
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pollination intensity on the vigor of the sporophytic and gametophytic generation of Cucurbita texana (1997)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 10 (1997), S. 236-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Cucurbita texana ; Pollen ; Pollen performance ; Pollen competition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We examined the effects of pollen competition (pollen load size) on sporophytic vigor and gametophytic performance in Cucurbita texana, a wild gourd, while controlling for alternative interpretations of the data. Under field conditions we compared the vigor of progeny produced from large and small pollen loads and examined the in vitro performance of the pollen produced by the progeny. We found that the progeny from large pollen loads germinated faster and had a greater reproductive output (male flowers and fruits) than progeny produced from small pollen loads. In addition, we found that the pollen produced on plants derived from large pollen loads grew faster in vitro than the pollen produced on plants derived from small pollen loads. These findings indicate that pollen competition affects the performance of the resulting sporophytic generation and the microgametophytes they produce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050092
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphate transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skinned fibres from rat skeletal muscle (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 18 (1997), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The rate, magnitude and pharmacology of inorganic phosphate (Pi) transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum were estimated in single, mechanically skinned skeletal muscle fibres of the rat. This was done, indirectly, by using a technique that measured the total Ca2+ content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and by taking advantage of the 1:1 stoichiometry of Ca2+ and Pi transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen during Ca--Pi precipitation- induced Ca2+ loading. The apparent rate of Pi entry into the sarcoplasmic reticulum increased with increasing myoplasmic [Pi] in the 10 mm--50 mm range at a fixed, resting myoplasmic pCa of 7.15, as judged by the increase in the rate of Ca--Pi precipitation-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake. At 20 mm myoplasmic [Pi] the rate of Pi entry was calculated to be at least 51 μm s−1 while the amount of Pi loaded appeared to saturate at around 3.5 mm (per fibre volume). These values are approximations due to the complex kinetics of formation of different species of Ca--Pi precipitate formed under physiological conditions. Phenylphosphonic acid (PhPA, 2.5 mm inhibited Pi transport by 37% at myoplasmic pCa 6.5 and also had a small, direct inhibitory effect on the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump (16%). In contrast, phosphonoformic acid (PFA, 1 mm) appeared to enhance both the degree of Pi entry and the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump, results that were attributed to transport of PFA into the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen and its subsequent complexation with Ca2+. Thus, results from these studies indicate the presence of a Pi transporter in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane of mammalian skeletal muscle fibres that is (1) active at physiological concentrations of myoplasmic Pi and Ca2+ and (2) partially inhibited by PhPA. This Pi transporter represents a link between changes in myoplasmic [Pi] and subsequent changes in sarcoplasmic reticulum luminal [Pi]. It might therefore play a role in the delayed metabolic impairment of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release seen during muscle fatigue, which should occur abruptly once the Ca--Pi solubility product is exceeded in the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018605605757
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patrick Murray (Ed.), Reflections on Commercial Life: An Anthology of Classic Texts from Plato to the Present (1997)
    Springer
    Teaching business ethics 1 (1997), S. 453-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1944
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009718529842
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1997)
    Springer
    Analog integrated circuits and signal processing 13 (1997), S. 231-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1979
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008217928130
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