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  • Humans  (100)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (100)
  • 1985-1989  (100)
  • 1989  (100)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (100)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (166)
Years
  • 1985-1989  (100)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: Amyloid deposition in senile plaques and the cerebral vasculature is a marker of Alzheimer's disease. Whether amyloid itself contributes to the neurodegenerative process or is simply a by-product of that process is unknown. Pheochromocytoma (PC12) and fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cell lines were transfected with portions of the gene for the human amyloid precursor protein. Stable PC12 cell transfectants expressing a specific amyloid-containing fragment of the precursor protein gradually degenerated when induced to differentiate into neuronal cells with nerve growth factor. Conditioned medium from these cells was toxic to neurons in primary hippocampal cultures, and the toxic agent could be removed by immunoabsorption with an antibody directed against the amyloid polypeptide. Thus, a peptide derived from the amyloid precursor may be neurotoxic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yankner, B A -- Dawes, L R -- Fisher, S -- Villa-Komaroff, L -- Oster-Granite, M L -- Neve, R L -- HD 18655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD 18658/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 01240/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):417-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2474201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*etiology/pathology ; Amyloid/genetics/*physiology ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Neurons/pathology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pheochromocytoma ; Protein Precursors/genetics/*physiology ; RNA/analysis/genetics ; Restriction Mapping ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1989-04-21
    Description: A specific assay has been developed for a blood-borne non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) virus in which a polypeptide synthesized in recombinant yeast clones of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is used to capture circulating viral antibodies. HCV antibodies were detected in six of seven human sera that were shown previously to transmit NANBH to chimpanzees. Assays of ten blood transfusions in the United States that resulted in chronic NANBH revealed that there was at least one positive blood donor in nine of these cases and that all ten recipients seroconverted during their illnesses. About 80 percent of chronic, post-transfusion NANBH (PT-NANBH) patients from Italy and Japan had circulating HCV antibody; a much lower frequency (15 percent) was observed in acute, resolving infections. In addition, 58 percent of NANBH patients from the United States with no identifiable source of parenteral exposure to the virus were also positive for HCV antibody. These data indicate that HCV is a major cause of NANBH throughout the world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuo, G -- Choo, Q L -- Alter, H J -- Gitnick, G L -- Redeker, A G -- Purcell, R H -- Miyamura, T -- Dienstag, J L -- Alter, M J -- Stevens, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 21;244(4902):362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2496467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Hepatitis C/*immunology/transmission ; Hepatitis Viruses/*immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/*immunology ; Humans ; Italy ; Japan ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1989-02-10
    Description: Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is produced by and required for the growth of epithelial cells and is angiogenic in vivo. Since epidermal hyperplasia and angiogenesis are hallmarks of psoriasis, TGF-alpha gene expression was analyzed in epidermal biopsies of normal and psoriatic skin. TGF-alpha messenger RNA and protein are much more abundant in lesional psoriatic epidermis than in normal-appearing skin of psoriatic patients or in normal epidermis. In contrast, messenger RNA levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which inhibits epithelial cell growth, are not significantly different in normal, uninvolved, and lesional psoriatic epidermis. Thus, psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia may involve increased expression of a keratinocyte mitogen (TGF-alpha) rather than deficient expression of a growth inhibitor (TGF-beta 1).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elder, J T -- Fisher, G J -- Lindquist, P B -- Bennett, G L -- Pittelkow, M R -- Coffey, R J Jr -- Ellingsworth, L -- Derynck, R -- Voorhees, J J -- 5-T32-AM07197-10/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):811-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2916128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blotting, Northern ; Epidermis/physiopathology ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Psoriasis/*genetics ; Transforming Growth Factors/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1989-06-16
    Description: Secretory chloride channels can be activated by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase in normal airway epithelial cells but not in cells from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). In excised, inside-out patches of apical membrane of normal human airway cells and airway cells from three patients with CF, the chloride channels exhibited a characteristic outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation and depolarization-induced activation. Channels from normal tissues were activated by both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C. However, chloride channels from CF patients could not be activated by either kinase. Thus, gating of normal epithelial chloride channels is regulated by both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C, and regulation by both kinases is defective in CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hwang, T C -- Lu, L -- Zeitlin, P L -- Gruenert, D C -- Huganir, R -- Guggino, W B -- 1-K08-HL02188/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-DK 39619/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL 40178/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 16;244(4910):1351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2472005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chloride Channels ; Chlorides/*physiology ; Cystic Fibrosis/*physiopathology ; Electrophysiology ; Fetus ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Membrane Proteins/*physiology ; Protein Kinase C/*physiology ; Protein Kinases/*physiology ; Respiratory System/cytology/physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: CD16 is a low-affinity immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc receptor that is expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, granulocytes, activated macrophages, and some T lymphocytes. Two similar genes, CD16-I and CD16-II, encode membrane glycoproteins that are anchored by phosphatidylinositol (PI)-glycan and transmembrane polypeptides, respectively. The primary structural requirements for PI-linkage were examined by constructing a series of hybrid cDNA molecules. Although both cDNA's have an identical COOH-terminal hydrophobic segment, CD16-I has Ser203 whereas CD16-II has Phe203. Conversion of Phe to Ser in CD16-II permits expression of a PI-glycan-anchored glycoprotein, whereas conversion of Ser to Phe in CD16-I prevents PI-glycan linkage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lanier, L L -- Cwirla, S -- Yu, G -- Testi, R -- Phillips, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1611-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Becton Dickinson Monoclonal Center, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94043.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2531919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD/*genetics ; Antigens, Differentiation/*genetics/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/immunology ; Codon/genetics ; *Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Granulocytes/immunology ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phenylalanine ; Receptors, Fc/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, IgG ; *Serine ; Transfection
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: In the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), two specific oligonucleotide primers are used to amplify the sequences between them. However, this technique is not suitable for amplifying genes that encode molecules where the 5' portion of the sequences of interest is not known, such as the T cell receptor (TCR) or immunoglobulins. Because of this limitation, a novel technique, anchored polymerase chain reaction (A-PCR), was devised that requires sequence specificity only on the 3' end of the target fragment. It was used to analyze TCR delta chain mRNA's from human peripheral blood gamma delta T cells. Most of these cells had a V delta gene segment not previously described (V delta 3), and the delta chain junctional sequences formed a discrete subpopulation compared with those previously reported.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loh, E Y -- Elliott, J F -- Cwirla, S -- Lanier, L L -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):217-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2463672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: A 47-kilodalton neutrophil cytosol factor (NCF-47k), required for activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase superoxide (O2-.) production, is absent in most patients with autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease (AR-CGD). NCF-47k cDNAs were cloned from an expression library. The largest clone predicted a 41.9-kD protein that contained an arginine and serine-rich COOH-terminal domain with potential protein kinase C phosphorylation sites. A 33-amino acid segment of NCF-47k shared 49% identity with ras p21 guanosine triphosphatase activating protein. Recombinant NCF-47k restored O2-. -producing activity to AR-CGD neutrophil cytosol in a cell-free assay. Production of active recombinant NCF-47k will enable functional regions of this molecule to be mapped.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lomax, K J -- Leto, T L -- Nunoi, H -- Gallin, J I -- Malech, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):409-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bacterial Diseases Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2547247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/enzymology/*genetics ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/*metabolism ; NADPH Oxidase ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Superoxides/metabolism
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1989-09-08
    Description: An understanding of the basic defect in the inherited disorder cystic fibrosis requires cloning of the cystic fibrosis gene and definition of its protein product. In the absence of direct functional information, chromosomal map position is a guide for locating the gene. Chromosome walking and jumping and complementary DNA hybridization were used to isolate DNA sequences, encompassing more than 500,000 base pairs, from the cystic fibrosis region on the long arm of human chromosome 7. Several transcribed sequences and conserved segments were identified in this cloned region. One of these corresponds to the cystic fibrosis gene and spans approximately 250,000 base pairs of genomic DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rommens, J M -- Iannuzzi, M C -- Kerem, B -- Drumm, M L -- Melmer, G -- Dean, M -- Rozmahel, R -- Cole, J L -- Kennedy, D -- Hidaka, N -- DK34944/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK39690/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74102/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 8;245(4922):1059-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Chickens ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Cricetinae ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; DNA Probes ; Genes, Overlapping ; *Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Restriction Mapping/methods
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1989-10-13
    Description: Cellular metabolism is affected by many factors in a cell's environment. Given a sufficiently sensitive method for measuring cellular metabolic rates, it should be possible to detect a wide variety of chemical and physical stimuli. A biosensor has been constructed in which living cells are confined to a flow chamber in which a potentiometric sensor continually measures the rate of production of acidic metabolites. Exploratory studies demonstrate several applications of the device in basic science and technology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parce, J W -- Owicki, J C -- Kercso, K M -- Sigal, G B -- Wada, H G -- Muir, V C -- Bousse, L J -- Ross, K L -- Sikic, B I -- McConnell, H M -- R01-CA-4217/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Oct 13;246(4927):243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Devices Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2799384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biosensing Techniques ; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone/pharmacology ; Cells/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured/drug effects/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Oxygen Consumption ; Silicon
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1989-03-17
    Description: Wall shear stress generated by blood flow may regulate the expression of fibrinolytic proteins by endothelial cells. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor, type 1 (PAI-1) secretion by cultured human endothelial cells were not affected by exposure to venous shear stress (4 dynes/cm2). However, at arterial shear stresses of 15 and 25 dynes/cm2, the tPA secretion rate was 2.1 and 3.0 times greater, respectively, than the basal tPA secretion rate. PAI-1 secretion was unaffected by shear stress over the entire physiological range.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, S L -- Eskin, S G -- McIntire, L V -- HL 18672/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 23016/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 17;243(4897):1483-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Rice University, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Houston, TX 77251.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2467379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/*secretion ; Epoprostenol/pharmacology ; Glycoproteins/secretion ; Humans ; Iloprost ; In Vitro Techniques ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Plasminogen Inactivators ; Rheology ; Secretory Rate/drug effects ; Stress, Mechanical ; Time Factors ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/*secretion
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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