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  • Manganese
  • healthy volunteers
  • Springer  (11)
  • 1980-1984  (11)
  • 1982  (6)
  • 1981  (5)
Sammlung
Schlagwörter
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • Springer  (11)
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1980-1984  (11)
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies of the different metabolic pathways of antipyrine in man (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 433-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): antipyrine ; antipyrine metabolites ; drug metabolism ; route of administration ; healthy volunteers ; urinary excretion ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in plasma and saliva, and urinary excretion of its major metabolites, were studied following i.v. and oral administration of antipyrine 500 mg to 6 healthy volunteers. Data from both plasma and saliva showed that the oral bioavailability of antipyrine given as an aqueous solution was complete. The saliva/plasma concentration ratio was constant with time from about 3 h onwards, with a mean value of 0.87 after oral and 0.91 after i.v. administration. It is concluded that the pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine can be satisfactorily established on the basis of salivary data, although the volume of distribution and clearance values are then slightly too high. After i.v. administration, 3.8±1.9% of the dose was excreted in urine as unchanged antipyrine in 48h, 24.9±6.3% as 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 16.5±3.2% as norantipyrine, 13.0±2.2% as 3-hydroxymethyl-antipyrine and 5.8±1.0% as 3-carboxy-antipyrine. No significant differences were observed following oral administration. The half-lives calculated from the linear part of the urinary excretion rate curves of the metabolites were about the same for oral and i.v. administration, and were of the same order of magnitude as the elimination half-life of parent drug in plasma and saliva. It is important for determination of the ultimate metabolite ratio that urine is collected for at least 36h, because there is a delay in the excretion of 3-hydroxymethyl-antipyrine in urine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542332
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of calcium carbonate and organic matter on the growth and concentration of iron and manganese in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 60 (1981), S. 295-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium carbonate ; Iron ; Manganese ; Organic matter ; Sorghum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of CaCO3 and organic matter on the availability of iron and manganese was studied on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Addition of calcium carbonate caused significant decrease in dry matter and grain yield. But yields tended to increase with the addition of organic matter at the rate of 15 t/ha. The iron concentration decreased with the addition of CaCO3 at all the stages of crop growth. Like iron, concentration of manganese also decreased with the increase in added CaCO3. Organic matter increased the iron concentration both at seedling and flowering stage. The concentration of manganese was, however, dependent on the stage of the crop.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374113
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The acquisition of phosphorus byLupinus albus L. (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 68 (1982), S. 19-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Iron ; Lupins ; Lupinus albus L. ; Manganese ; Phosphorus ; Proteoid root ; Soil/Root interface
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary It has been demonstrated by an agar film technique thatL. albus can cause the breakdown of colloids of iron/silicate, iron/phosphate, aluminium/silicate and aluminium phosphate and destabilise suspensions of manganese dioxide, calcium mono-hydrogen phosphate and ferric hydroxide. Dissolution of these compounds was most marked in areas adjacent to proteoid roots (dense clusters of secondary laterals of limited growth which develop on lateral roots) and parts of the tap root. Soil associated with these regions of the root system contained more reductants and chelating agents than the bulk soil. Soil from around the roots ofL. albus exhibited much greater reducing and chelating activity than that associated with the roots of rape and buckwheat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374724
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The acquisition of phosphorus byLupinus albus L. (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 68 (1982), S. 33-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Iron ; Lupins ; Lupinus albus L. ; Manganese ; Phosphorus ; Proteoid roots ; Soil/root interface
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The development of proteoid roots byLupinus albus was studied under glasshouse conditions in acid-washed sand with varying iron and phosphorus supply and in three contrasting soils (acid, neutral and alkaline) at a range of phosphorud levels. Aqueous extracts of soil from around the roots were compared with regard to their pH and their reducing and chelating activity. In both experiments, proteoid formation was predominantly affected by the phosphorus status of the plant. Manganese uptake in the second experiment was related to proteoid root development and decreased as phosphorus supply increased. The ability ofL. albus to utilise soil and added phosphorus decreased as pH of the soil increased.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374725
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A pharmacokinetic study of mianserin (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 517-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): mianserin ; blood ; plasma ; oral kinetic parameters ; healthy volunteers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The kinetics of mianserin have been evaluated in eight healthy male volunteers following a single oral dose of 60 mg. Plasma and blood concentrations of mianserin were measured by gas chromatography-mass fragmentography. The peak blood concentration observed was 65 µg/l at 3 h following the dose. Mean kinetic parameters (and range) calculated from the blood concentrations were: (t1/2)abs 1.1 h (0.3–2.8), (t1/2)α 2.5 h (0.9–4.7), (t1/2)β 21 h (14–33), (Vd)β 27.5 l/kg (16.8–46.5) and Cloral 0.98 l/kg/h (0.47–1.75). Blood/plasma concentration ratios ranged from 0.50–0.74.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542048
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of dose on bioavailability of oral digoxin (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 53-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): digoxin ; bioavailability ; dose-dependency ; urinary excretion ; healthy volunteers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Nine healthy volunteers received single 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg doses of oral digoxin tablets in random sequence on five occasions separated by at least 4 weeks. Urinary excretion of immunoassayable digoxin was determined from 8 consecutive 24 h urine samples collected after each dose. Mean values of cumulative urinary excretion of digoxin at the 5 doses were: 40.9, 35.6, 36.4, 34.1, and 33.5% of the dose (F=0.64; d. f.=4.32; N. S.). Mean values of urinary excretion half-life were: 2.48, 2.03, 2.20, 2.07, and 1.87 days (F=2.87; d. f.=4.32;p=0.05). Thus, the bioavailability of orally administered digoxin tablets in healthy volunteers is dose-independent over an 8-fold range of doses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558384
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacokinetics of bacmecillinam and pivmecillinam in volunteers (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 249-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): mecillinam ; bacmecillinam ; pivmecillinam ; pharmacokinetics ; pro-drug ; healthy volunteers ; bioavailability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The pharmacokinetics of bacmecillinam and pivmecillinam were studied in healthy fasting volunteers given tablets in a cross-over, randomized order. The mean (±SD) peak levels of plasma mecillinam were 1.43±0.34, 2.73±0.43, and 4.62±1.41 mg/l after bacmecillinam 100, 200, and 400 mg and 2.38±0.65 mg/l after pivmecillinam 400 mg. The corresponding areas under plasma Vs time curves (AUC) were 2.21±0.19, 3.99±0.63, and 7.74±1.38 mg·h·l−1 for bacmecillinam and 5.35±0.93 mg·h·l−1 for pivmecillinam. The elimination half-lives were 0.8–1.1h for bacmecillinam and 0.7h for pivmecillinam. The 12 h urinary recovery of unchanged mecillinam after the 400 mg doses was 41% for bacmecillinam and 30% for pivmecillinam. The 400 mg dose of bacmecillinam gave a significantly higher plasma peak (p〈0.001), AUC (p〈0.001) and urinary recovery (p〈0.001) than did pivmecillinam 400 mg. The plasma peaks appeared earlier and the rate of absorption was higher after bacmecillinam than after pivmecillinam (p〈0.05). In conclusion, bacmecillinam had a better bioavailability than pivmecillinam in the tablet formulations studied. The AUC increased linearly with increasing doses of bacmecillinam.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547563
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of soil waterlogging on subsequent plant growth and trace metal content (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 66 (1982), S. 423-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Cobalt ; Copper ; Iron ; Manganese ; Plant uptake ; Trace metals ; Waterlogging ; Zinc
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The uptake of trace metals by two plant species (French bean and maize) has been measured on two soils subjected to various waterlogging regimes. Uptake of both manganese and iron was increased due to soil waterlogging, although reoxidation of the soil affected iron more than manganese. Zinc and copper uptake was influenced by a species factor; French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) showed preferential uptake of zinc, whereas maize (Zea mays) took up copper preferentially. Uptake of cobalt by both species was increased due to waterlogging, following the pattern of manganese. The abilities of these species to take up trace metals from soil followed the pattern predicted by selective extraction of soil for manganese, iron and cobalt, but not for zinc and copper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02183810
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of waterlogging and lime or organic matter additions on the distribution of trace metals in an acid soil (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 59 (1981), S. 317-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Acid soil ; Complexed metals ; Iron ; Iron oxides ; Lime ; Manganese ; Manganese oxides ; Organic matter ; Redistribution ; Trace metals ; Waterlogging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A study has been made of the influence of waterlogging on the distribution of trace metals between the various reservoirs in which they are held in a soil. Selective extractants have been used to remove metals held in 4 ways: soil solution and exchangeable; specifically adsorbed by inorganic sites; adsorbed or chelated by organic sites; adsorbed onto oxide surfaces. Waterlogging over a period of 16 weeks resulted in the release of both manganese and iron from the organic — and oxide — bound reservoirs to the soluble, exchangeable and inorganic reservoirs. Addition of both 1% dried grass (as an actively decomposing organic material) and 1% CaCO3 to the soil resulted in an acceleration of the metal redistribution. For manganese, selective extraction methods accounted for the distribution of all the metal in the reservoirs studied. In the case of iron however, there appeared to be some release from a reservoir not being extracted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184203
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of P and Mn on growth response and uptake of Fe, Mn and P by sorghum (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 62 (1981), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Growth ; Interactions ; Iron ; Manganese ; Phosphorus ; Sorghum ; Uptake
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effects of P and Mn on growth response and uptake of Fe, Mn and P by grain sorghum were investigated using nutrient culture. High P and Mn concentrations in solution (greater than 40 and 1 mg/l for P and Mn, respectively) markedly reduced plant height and shoot and root dry weight of 4-week-old sorghum plants. High Mn concentrations in solution increased the concentrations of Mn and P in shoot tissue and uptake of Mn, but depressed the uptake of P. High levels of P enhanced Mn uptake by sorghum and accentuated Mn toxicity at low Mn levels. The tissue Fe and total uptake of Fe were both reduced markedly by the high levels of P and Mn concentrations in solution. The increases of P, Mn and Fe concentrations in root tissue with a concomitant decrease of Fe in shoots suggested that the translocation of Fe from roots to shoots was hindered under high P and Mn conditions. Since coating occurred on root surfaces and intensified with increasing Mn concentrations in the substrate, part of the reduction of Fe in shoots could be attributed to the formation of high valent manganese oxides on the root surfaces which may retain Fe and reduce its absorption by sorghum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205021
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