ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

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The use of pulse-echo acoustic microscopy to non-invasively determine the sex of living larval sea lampreys (2004)

Maeva, E. ; Bruno, I. ; Zielinski, B. S. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd

Journal of fish biology 65 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1095-8649

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: A rapid, accurate and non-invasive method to determine the sex of larval sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus, using wide-field pulse-scanning acoustic microscopy, is described. Cross-sectional pulse-echo scans were made with a high-resolution acoustic microscope in 48 larvae (110–130 mm total length, LT), and the acoustic images generated showed such internal body structures as the gonad, intestine, kidneys, cardinal veins, notochord and musculature. Females were identified by the presence of a relatively large (1–1·5 mm diameter) ovary, which was considerably less reflective to the 15 to 25 MHz acoustic signals than the surrounding kidney tissue. Males were recognized by the lack of the large non-reflective ovary and, in some cases, the appearance of a small (0·2–0·3 mm) testis with slightly stronger reflective properties than the kidney. Identification of sex was confirmed by optical microscopy following dissection, and in a blind test on an additional 10 specimens (121–168 mm LT), the acoustic method reliably identified sex in 100% of the larvae. These results indicate that acoustic microscopy can determine the sex of live sea lamprey larvae in c. 30 s per animal, a process which until now required dissection or invasive surgery.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00439.x

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2

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Behavioural responses of female Neogobius melanostomus to odours of conspecifics (2005)

Gammon, D. B. ; Li, W. ; Scott, A. P. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd

Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1095-8649

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: The behavioural responses of reproductive and non-reproductive female round gobies Neogobius melanostomus to water conditioned by reproductive and non-reproductive males and females were tested. The behavioural responses of reproductive female round gobies exposed to odour of reproductive males included increased time spent near the source of the odour, elevated swimming velocities and directed movement to and around the odour source when compared with their responses to control water. These results suggested that pheromones released from reproductive males may induce spawning behaviour in reproductive females. Non-reproductive females exposed to reproductive female odour spent significantly more time near the odour source of reproductive females compared with control water. Non-reproductive females also showed directed movement towards and around the odour source when exposed to reproductive female odour. These results suggested that round gobies use inter-sexual and intra-sexual pheromones and that both sex and reproductive status are important in the detection and release of these pheromones.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00762.x

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Behavioural and electrophysiological responses by reproductive female Neogobius melanostomus to odours released by conspecific males (2004)

Belanger, A. J. ; Arbuckle, W. J. ; Corkum, L. D. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd

Journal of fish biology 65 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1095-8649

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of reproductive and non-reproductive female round gobies Neogobius melanostomus to water previously occupied by male round gobies (reproductive male water) were compared. Reproductive females spent more time than non-reproductive females in a tank near the input of water conditioned from reproductive males. Also, reproductive females swam significantly faster than non-reproductive females, suggesting that reproductive male odour may have activated spawning behaviour. Olfactory epithelial field potential measurement (electro-olfactogram, EOG) showed that reproductive male water was a potent olfactory stimulus to reproductive females, but not to non-reproductive females. Reproductive females responded significantly more than non-reproductive females to solid-phase (octadecylsilane) extracts of reproductive male water. Also, when these extracts were separated on reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), reproductive females showed noticeably greater responses than non-reproductive females to the fractions that eluted between 30 and 40 min. The behavioural data support the hypothesis that reproductive male round gobies release compounds into the water that attract potential mates. The EOG data indicate that these compounds can be quantitatively extracted from the water and be partially purified by HPLC. The evidence is not sufficient to indicate whether or not the compounds are steroids. The relatively early elution time on HPLC, however, suggests that if these compounds are steroids, then it is more likely that they will be conjugated rather than free steroids.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00494.x

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4

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Potential role in development of the major cysteine protease in larvae of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana (1995)

Warner, A. H. ; Perz, M. J. ; Osahan, J. K. ; [et al.]

Springer

Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 21-31

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ISSN: 1432-0878

Keywords: Cysteine protease ; Development ; Artemia franciscana (Crustacea)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Encysted embryos and larvae of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana contain a cysteine protease which represents over 90% of the protease activity in these organisms. We have used immunocytochemical methods to determine the localization and potential role of the cysteine protease in development of young larvae. In prenauplius larvae, there is intense staining for the protease on the basal side of the epidermal layer in the posterior region and diffuse staining for the protease throughout the embryo. In first instar larvae, cysteine-protease staining becomes intense in the midgut-forming area where a reticulum-like pattern emerges in cells with an abundance of yolk platelets. Cysteine-protease staining in second instar larvae becomes intense in the apical side of epidermal cells and in the basal and apical zones of midgut cells. Subcellular localization of the protease in the epidermis and midgut of young larvae using immunogold electron microscopy suggests that most is located in the cytosol and extracellular matrix adiacent to these cells. Addition of cysteine-protease inhibitors to the growth medium, especially the fluoromethyl ketone Z-Phe-Ala-CH2F, inhibits growth and segmentation of the thorax. Collectively, these observations suggest that the major cysteine protease in embryos and larvae functions in yolk utilization, as a hatching enzyme, in apolysis during the molt cycle, and as a digestive enzyme when the swimming larvae begin to feed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319129

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5

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Potential role in development of the major cysteine protease in larvae of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana (1995)

Warner, A. H. ; Perz, M. J. ; Osahan, J. K. ; [et al.]

Springer

Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 21-31

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ISSN: 1432-0878

Keywords: Key words: Cysteine protease ; Development ; Artemia franciscana (Crustacea)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract. Encysted embryos and larvae of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana contain a cysteine protease which represents over 90% of the protease activity in these organisms. We have used immunocytochemical methods to determine the localization and potential role of the cysteine protease in development of young larvae. In prenauplius larvae, there is intense staining for the protease on the basal side of the epidermal layer in the posterior region and diffuse staining for the protease throughout the embryo. In first instar larvae, cysteine-protease staining becomes intense in the midgut-forming area where a reticulum-like pattern emerges in cells with an abundance of yolk platelets. Cysteine-protease staining in second instar larvae becomes intense in the apical side of epidermal cells and in the basal and apical zones of midgut cells. Subcellular localization of the protease in the epidermis and midgut of young larvae using immunogold electron microscopy suggests that most is located in the cytosol and extracellular matrix adjacent to these cells. Addition of cysteine-protease inhibitors to the growth medium, especially the fluoromethyl ketone Z-Phe-Ala-CH2F, inhibits growth and segmentation of the thorax. Collectively, these observations suggest that the major cysteine protease in embryos and larvae functions in yolk utilization, as a hatching enzyme, in apolysis during the molt cycle, and as a digestive enzyme when the swimming larvae begin to feed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319129

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