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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature and Strain Rate Effects on Mechanical Behavior of a PMMA (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 340-341 (June 2007), p. 1079-1084 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper, the mechanical behavior of a PMMA used as the windshield of aircraft wastested. The experiments were finished under two quasi-static strain rates and a high strain rate withthe testing temperature from 299K to 373K. The results show that the mechanical property of thisPMMA depends heavily on the testing temperature. The Young’s modulus and flow stress werefound to decrease with increasing temperature at low strain rate. At the strain rate of 10-1 1/s, strainsoftening was observed under all experiment temperatures. At high strain rate, with the temperatureincreasing, the flow stress decreases remarkably while the failure strain increases, and the strainsoften was also observed at the temperature above 333K. Comparing the experiments results atsame temperature, it was found the flow stress increases with the rising strain rate. The predictionsof the mechanical behavior using the ZWT theoretical model have a good agreement withexperimental results in the strain range of 8%
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/54/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.340-341.1079.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Novel Parallel Hybrid Motorcycle Transmission (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 505-507 (Jan. 2006), p. 1021-1026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a novel parallel hybrid transmission for motorcycles. Thistransmission incorporates a mechanical type rubber V-belt continuously variable transmission and chain drives to combine the power of the two power sources, an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. By using the mechanical type clutches used in the proposed transmission, it can provide a parallel hybrid that can be grouped into four modes of operation: electric motor mode, engine mode, engine/charging mode, and power mode. A design example is built and tested
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/12/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.505-507.1021.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The disadvantage of Evans filter's field of view - AAnS 34/1 (1993) 38-44
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics 17 (1993), S. 359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0275-1062
    Keywords: Astronomical instrument-Evans filter
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0275-1062(93)90105-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the crystal elements' orientation arrangement in adjustable-wavelength birefringent filters - AApS 11/4 (1991) 383-388
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics 16 (1992), S. 111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0275-1062
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0275-1062(92)90022-4
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnesium oxide-supported polytitazane cobalt(III) complex for catalytic epoxidation of α-pinene with molecular oxygen (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 36 (1996), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Magnesium oxide-supported polytitazane cobalt complex has been prepared and found to be a very effective catalyst for the epoxidation of α-pinene in the presence of an aldehyde as a reductant. XPS data show that the high valent cobalt(III) was stabilized by the mutidentate nitrogen ligand of polytitazane. The α-pinene oxide can be obtained in 96.0% yield with 96.6% selectivity at 25°C under an atmospheric pressure of molecular oxygen. Isobutyraldehyde is an effective reductant and only 1.2 equivalent of isobutyraldehyde to α-pinene is needed to ensure high yield of α-pinene oxide. The catalyst is also very stable and can be reused at least eight times without loss of its activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296000
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiral Binaphthyl Ligands with Buttressing Substituents (1999)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 130 (1999), S. 873-885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Keywords. 2 ; 2′ ; 3 ; 3′-Tetrasubstituted 1 ; 1′-binaphthyls; Allylic alkylation; Asymmetric catalysis; Macrocyclic chiral diphosphine ligands.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung.  Vier makrozyklische und ein offenkettiger chiraler Diphosphinligand mit einem 2,2′-substituierten 1,1′-Binaphthylfragment wurden ausgehend von (R)-2,2′-Dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl in sechs Schritten in 8–51% Gesamtausbeute synthetisiert. Die asymmetrische Induktion in allylischen Alkylierungsreaktionen wurde untersucht und zeigte Enantioselektivitäten bis zu 98%ee.
    Notes: Summary.  Four macrocyclic and one non-cyclic chiral diphosphine ligand containing a 2,2′-substituted 1,1′-binaphthyl unit were synthesized in 6 steps from (R)-2,2′-dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl in overall yields of 8–51%. Their asymmetric induction in allylic alkylation reactions was investigated showing enantioselectivities up to 98%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010269
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular phylogenetics of the subtribeGentianinae (Gentianaceae) inferred from the sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 196 (1995), S. 207-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Gentianaceae ; Gentianinae ; Centaurium ; nrDNA ; ITS ; PCR ; sequencing ; phylogeny ; molecular systematics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of 18S–25S nuclear ribosomal DNA from representatives of 23 species of the subtribeGentianinae and one outgroup species (Centaurium capitatum) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct DNA sequencing. Within the taxa analyzed, the length of the ITS1 region varied from 221 to 233 bp, ITS2 from 226 to 234 bp. Of the aligned sequences of 497 positions, 151 sites involved gaps or nucleotide ambiguity, 133 were invariable and 213 showed divergence. In pairwise comparisons among the taxa of the subtribeGentianinae and the outgroup, sequence divergence ranged from 1.3% to 34.1% in ITS1, from 0 to 28.1% in ITS2 and from 0.6% to 27.5% in combined ITS1 and ITS2. Phylogenetic trees generated from ITS sequences were highly resolutive and principally concordant with morphological classifications for the major phylogenetic divisions in the subtribe. An ancient divergence leading to two evolutionary lines was suggested in the subtribe by both DNA sequence and morphological data. One line encompasses the generaGentiana, Crawfurdia andTripterospermum, morphologically characterized by their glands on the base of ovary and their plicate corolla, while the other line involves all other members of the subcribe surveyed, characterized by their epipetalous glands and simple corolla without plicae.Megacodon, with glands on the base of ovary but without plicae on its corolla, was revealed to be more related to the latter group than to the former.Comastoma, Gentianella andGentianopsis were shown to be well-defined monophyletic genera.Pterygocalyx showed much closer affinity toGentianopsis than to any other genus. Some conflictions were detected in the genusSwertia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982961
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal evolution ofGentiana andJaeschkea (Gentianaceae), with further documentation of chromosome data for 35 species from western China (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 210 (1998), S. 231-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Gentianaceae ; Gentiana ; Jaeschkea ; Polyploidization ; dysploidization ; karyotype ; chromosome number ; cytotype ; cytotaxonomy ; cytogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosome numbers were recorded for 63 populations of 34 species belonging to the genusGentiana from the high altitude regions of western China. Counts for 22 species were reported for the first time and new numbers were found forG. heleonastes (2n = 36),G. prattii (2n = 20) andG. pseudoaquatica (2n = 40). Incorporating previous data, a complete series of gametic chromosome numbers from n = 6 to 24 and 26 was established for the genus, suggesting rapid karyotypic evolution by a combination of dysploidy and polyploidy. The cytotype 2n = 20 is proposed as the ancestral type in sect.Chondrophyllae s. l. The chromosome number 2n = 16 was found forJaeschkea microsperma for the first time which, with previous reports of 2n = 18, 20 and 22, indicates thatJaeschkea is a typically dysploid genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985670
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karyological studies onGentiana sect.Chondrophyllae (Gentianaceae) from China (1996)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 200 (1996), S. 161-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Gentianaceae ; Gentiana ; sect.Chondrophyllae ; Karyosystematics ; cytogeography ; chromosome numbers ; karyotype ; chromosome evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nineteen populations of fifteen species ofGentiana sect.Chondrophyllae from China were observed cytologically.Gentiana alsinoides, G. anisostemon, G. asterocalyx, G. exigua, G. heterostemon, G. intricata, G. praticola, G. pseudoaquatica, G. spathulifolia, andG. subintricata all had the same chromosome number of 2n = 20 (or n = 10), whereasG. piasezkii had 2n = 36,G. squarrosa 2n = 38,G. prattii 2n = 18,G. aristata 2n = 14 (n = 7), andG. heleonastes 2n = 12. All these chromosome numbers are documented here for the first time, except forG. squarrosa, where it is a new number report. The basic numbers of x = 6, x = 7 and x = 19 are new for the section. Karyotype analyses of some species revealed that, except for a few cases, the species examined mainly had metacentric chromosomes. 2n = 20 = 2m(SAT) + 18m was found to be the main type of karyotype for the species with 2n = 20. Chromosomal evolution and its mechanism in this section are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984933
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with molecular oxygen catalyzed by magnesium oxide supported polytitazane cobalt (III) complexes (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 243 (1996), S. 69-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein auf Magnesiumoxid aufgebrachter Polytitazan-Cobalt (III)-Komplex diente als effektiver Katalysator für die Epoxidierung von cis-Cycloocten mit molekularem Sauerstoff bei Normaldruck in Gegenwart von Isobutyraldehyd als Reduktionsmittel. Nach XPS-Untersuchungen wird Cobalt (III) durch den mehrzähnigen Stickstoffliganden des Polytitazans stabilisiert. Bei 25°C beträgt der cis-Cycloocten-Umsatz nach fünf Stunden 95,2%, mit einer Selektivität von 100% für das cis-Cyclohexylenoxid. Der Katalysator Kann mindestens neun Mal ohne Aktivitätsverlust verwendet werden.
    Notes: Magnesium oxide supported polytitazane cobalt (III) complex is demonstrated as an effective catalyst for the epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with molecular oxygen at atmospheric pressure in the presence of isobutyraldehyde as the sacrificial reductant. XPS data show that the high-valent cobalt (III) is stabilized by the multidentate nitrogen ligand of polytitazane. The conversion of cis-cyclooctene is as high as 95.2% with 100% selectivity to the cis-cyclooctene oxide at 25°C within 5 h. The catalyst can be used at least nine times without loss of its activity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1996.052430106
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