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  • 1
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    Laboratory study on coprecipitation of phosphate with ikaite in sea ice (2014)
    In:  EPIC3Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, pp. 7007-7015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-14
    Description: Ikaite (CaCO3�6H2O) has recently been discovered in sea ice, providing first direct evidence of CaCO3 precipitation in sea ice. However, the impact of ikaite precipitation on phosphate (PO4) concentration has not been considered so far. Experiments were set up at pH from 8.5 to 10.0, salinities from 0 to 105, temperatures from 24°C to 0°C, and PO4 concentrations from 5 to 50 mmol kg-1 in artificial sea ice brine so as to understand how ikaite precipitation affects the PO4 concentration in sea ice under different conditions. Our results show that PO4 is coprecipitated with ikaite under all experimental conditions. The amount of PO4 removed by ikaite precipitation increases with increasing pH. Changes in salinity (S 〉=35) as well as temperature have little impact on PO4 removal by ikaite precipitation. The initial PO4 concentration affects the PO4 coprecipitation. These findings may shed some light on the observed variability of PO4 concentration in sea ice.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Effect of pH and Phosphate on Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs Precipitated at near-Freezing Temperature (2015)
    ASC Publications
    In:  EPIC3Crystal Growth & Design, ASC Publications, 15(4), pp. 1596-1601, ISSN: 1528-7483
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-13
    Description: The effects of pH and phosphate on the precipitation of calcium carbonate polymorphs from aqueous solution were investigated. Experiments were carried out at near-freezing temperature and two different pH conditions (pH 13.4 and 9.0). At each pH condition, solutions having different concentrations of CaCl2 and NaHCO3 were mixed to achieve Ca/CO3 ratios of 1:1 and 10:1 at different pumping rates with and without phosphate. Results showed that, at pH 13.4, only ikaite was formed, independent of pumping rate, Ca/CO3 ratio, and phosphate. At pH 9.0, the precipitate was predominantly vaterite in the absence of phosphate and ikaite in the presence of phosphate regardless of the ratio of Ca/CO3. These results indicate that at low temperatures and moderate alkaline conditions (pH 9.0), phosphate can act as a switch between ikaite and vaterite polymorphs. Contrastingly, at higher alkaline conditions (pH 13.4) phosphate is not prerequisite and the high pH in itself is enough to trigger ikaite formation over vaterite.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 3
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    A laboratory study of ikaite (CaCO3·6H2O) precipitation as a function of pH, salinity, temperature and phosphate concentration (2014)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Marine Chemistry, Elsevier, 162, pp. 10-18, ISSN: 0304-4203
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-30
    Description: Ikaite (CaCO3·6H2O) has only recently been discovered in sea ice, in a study that also provided first direct evidence of CaCO3 precipitation in sea ice. However, little is as yet known about the impact of physico-chemical processes on ikaite precipitation in sea ice. Our study focused on how the changes in pH, salinity, temperature and phosphate (PO4) concentration affect the precipitation of ikaite. Experiments were set up at pH from 8.5 to 10.0, salinities from 0 to 105 (in both artificial seawater (ASW) and NaCl medium), temperatures from 0 to −4 °C andPO4 concentrations from0 to 50 μmol kg−1. The results show that in ASW, calcium carbonate was precipitated as ikaite under all conditions. In the NaCl medium, the precipitates were ikaite in the presence of PO4 and vaterite in the absence of PO4. The onset time (τ) at which ikaite precipitation started, decreased nonlinearly with increasing pH. In ASW, τ increased with salinity. In the NaCl medium, τ first increased with salinity up to salinity 70 and subsequently decreased with a further increase in salinity; it was longer in ASW than in the NaCl medium under the same salinity. τ did not vary with temperature or PO4 concentration. These results indicate that ikaite is very probably the only phase of calcium carbonate formed in sea ice. PO4 is not, as previously postulated, crucial for ikaite formation in sea ice. The change in pH and salinity is the controlling factor for ikaite precipitation in sea ice. Within the ranges investigated in this study, temperature and PO4 concentration do not have a significant impact on ikaite precipitation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface Modification of Basic Magnesium Sulfate Whiskers (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 58 (Oct. 2008), p. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Surface modification was conducted on the basic magnesium sulfate whiskers (MSW) using sodium stearate. The modification performance was evaluated by comparing the activation index, oil absorption value, rest angle, and dispersibility in polypropylene (PP) resin prior to and after treatment. It was found that the surface properties of the whiskers were improved by sodium stearate modification. In particular, the improvement in the dispersibility in PP was significant. Surface characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the raw and modified whiskers. The results indicated the co-existence of both chemical and physical adsorptions of sodium stearate on the surfaces of MSW
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/41/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.58.191.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of Initial Microstructures for Monte Carlo Potts Model Simulations of Quasi-Binary Grain Growth (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 821-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/17/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.558-559.821.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of Cube-Texture Evolution during Grain Growth in Ni Thick-Films based on Experimental Observations (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 1043-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/17/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.558-559.1043.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gender differs: assessing a model of online purchase intentions in e-tail service (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of service industry management 16 (2005), S. 416-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0956-4233
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - This study proposes a model of online purchase intentions. Four exogenous constructs - namely, personal awareness of security, personal innovativeness, perceived ease of purchasing, and perceived usefulness - have not only direct influences on attitudes and online purchase intentions, but also have indirect influences on online purchase intentions through the mediation of attitudes. Design/methodology/approach - Data were collected via questionnaires from customers of the leading internet service provider (ISP) in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the model. Findings - The influences of personal innovativeness and perceived usefulness on attitudes and online purchase intentions are similar for males and females. The influences of personal awareness of security on both attitudes and online purchase intentions are strong for males, while no such effects exist for females. The influences of perceived ease of purchasing on both attitudes and online purchase intentions are stronger for females than for males. Research limitations/implications - There are several limitations. For example, there may exist common method variance, and the generalisability of the findings might be limited. Besides, this study is using only one product category, and customers' online purchase intentions may be only partially reflected due to the investigation of self-reports. Practical implications - By learning gender differences, e-tailers and advertisers can better target right consumers and consequently foster more positive attitudes and online purchase intentions. Originality/value - This study presents a thorough understanding on a model of online purchase intentions, and how gender moderates several paths of the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09564230510625741
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kim, Taeho: The Dynamics of Sino-Russian Military Relations: An Asian Perspective : Taipei, Chinese Council of Advanced Policy Studies, 1994 (1996)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 146 (1996), S. 641-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000045343
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distributed Reputation Management for Electronic Commerce (2002)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Computational intelligence 18 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: One of the major challenges for electronic commerce is how to establish a relationship of trust between different parties. Establishing trust is nontrivial, because the traditional physical or social means of trust cannot apply directly in virtual settings. In many cases, the parties involved may not ever have interacted before. Reputation systems seek to address the development of trust by recording the reputations of different parties. However, most existing reputation systems are restricted to individual market websites. Further, relevant information about a party may come from several websites and from interactions that were not mediated by any website.This paper considers the problem of automatically collecting ratings about a given party from others. Our approach involves a distributed agent architecture and adapts the mathematical theory of evidence to represent and propagate the ratings that participants give to each other. When evaluating the trustworthiness of a given party, a peer combines its local evidence (based on direct prior interactions with the party) with the testimonies of others regarding the same party. This approach satisfies certain important properties of distributed reputation management and is experimentally evaluated through simulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8640.00202
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Color screening effect in the quark potential model
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 561 (1993), S. 595-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0375-9474(93)90067-8
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