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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cost-and-benefit evaluation of housing rehabilitation (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 23 (2005), S. 138-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Purpose - There have been very few cost-and-benefit evaluations of rehabilitation. This paper is a triangulation attempt to evaluate directly the cost-and-benefit of rehabilitation works without relying on price-proxy and econometric assumptions. Design/methodology/approach - Chau et al., in their paper, "Estimating the value enhancement effects of refurbishment" (Facilities, Vol. 21 No. 1/2, 2003) have produced an empirical test by regression on the elevation of property price-differential after rehabilitation. However, property price is merely a proxy on the improvements of building conditions, and its efficiency in reflecting building quality is subject to some institutional constraints. The estimation is also subject to the validity of econometric assumptions. This paper investigates the improvements directly under 18 assessment criteria of the quality of seven housing blocks in Hong Kong. Findings - The results show that rehabilitation brings benefits to owners, but that these only marginally outweigh the benefits of redevelopment. Research limitations/implications - The sample size is small, yet it opens up a new framework for future studies on building performance assessment of rehabilitation. Practical implications - The study serves as a benchmark for future assessment of rehabilitation works. Originality/value - The study represents an attempt to evaluate the costs and benefits of rehabilitation using a direct performance assessment approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800510593701
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contractor selection for small building works in Hong Kong (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 20 (2002), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Contractor selection models have been developed for large scale works with the assumption of the availability of contractor's information for the clients. However, a similar study of small building works, especially building maintenance and repair works, is almost ignored. In light of the small amount of work, the employment of building consultants for the selection of contractors in small works is often not feasible, and the cost of acquiring the contractor's information is often prohibitively high. This research uses case studies to show that a contractor selection model for large scale works does not perform well in small works without the advice of the consultant. The high proportion of specification costs in small works contracting deters the detailed design and documentation stage. A wider variation of tender sums is therefore expected and revealed in the case studies. This paper reviews the building procurement mechanism in small building works in Hong Kong and argues that the employment of a property management agent is conducive to the contractor selection process. Accordingly, further investigations are warranted for a contractor selection model for small building works.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800210445690
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The causes of external wall tiling defects in Hong Kong (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 23 (2005), S. 386-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Purpose - This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature concerning the various causes of failures of external wall tile finishes. Design/methodology/approach - A 4×3 matrix hierarchy framework is developed for a systematic analysis of the literature reviewed. Findings - The findings from this paper indicate the importance of environmental effects, movement joints, and adhesive on the performance of external wall tile finishes. Thermal and moisture effects induce movement of tiles, and the failure of the tiling system depends very much on the adhesive strength and the provision of movement joints. Workmanship is also a key factor affecting the performance of external wall tile finishes and should not be overlooked. Research limitations/implications - Various studies have been carried out on the causes of defects in external finishes in the past. However, many of them were case-oriented and were not supported by laboratory findings. The hierarchical framework developed in this paper serves as a basis for further laboratory and field studies on this issue. Practical implications - The framework is conducive to the diagnosis of external wall tile delamination. Originality/value - This paper reviews systematically and comprehensively the literature on the causes of external wall tile delamination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800510635128
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Institutional arrangement and unauthorised building works in Hong Kong (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 23 (2005), S. 22-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Purpose - To explain the serious social problem of unauthorised building works (UBWs) in Hong Kong and why this problem is difficult to overcome. Design/methodology/approach - An institutional economics approach is adopted. This paper concentrates on the governance zone of the institutional arrangement. Findings - The current institutional arrangement in Hong Kong encourages owners to build UBWs, and makes the identification of UBWs very complicated. This paper concludes that the existing framework of governance fails to take into account the conflict of interests in collective goods. The no-retrospective-approval stipulation also renders a no-alternative solution. Research limitations/implications - It is a case study of Hong Kong, but it has research implications on institutional economics under the current arrangement of co-ownership. Practical implications - An important element in structural surveys is to ensure the structural safety of a building. An understanding on the governance of UBWs has serious implications for the structural survey approach. Originality/value - This paper is the first paper on exploring UBWs from an institutional economics framework.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800510586880
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of attributes affecting urban open space design and their environmental implications (2003)
    Bradford, West Yorkshire : Emerald
    Management of environmental quality 14 (2003), S. 604-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-7835
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper analyses the factors influencing the design of urban open space from the users' perspective. A questionnaire survey has been carried out in Hong Kong to identify the importance of each design attribute with the aid of the analytic hierarchy process. The results show that microclimate is the most important criteria. Planting and sunlight rank the highest in the sub-criteria indicating that natural environment is the most treasured by the users of urban open spaces. Accessibility is also one of the important criteria. Hard landscape, on the contrary, ranks the least. The findings imply that urban open space cannot be considered in isolation, but an urban integration approach is required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830310495759
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human monoclonal antibodies as cellular and molecular probes: a review
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Molecular and Cellular Probes 1 (1987), S. 33-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0890-8508
    Keywords: EBV transformants ; cancer ; human-antibodies ; hybridomas ; monoclonals
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-8508(87)90005-3
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating the value enhancement effects of refurbishment (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Facilities 21 (2003), S. 13-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-2772
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: There have been very few empirical studies investigating the value enhancement effects of refurbishment and most rely on cross-sectional data, which cannot show the before and after effects conclusively because of the heterogeneous nature of the properties. The problem of refurbishment is more complicated in buildings or housing estates with multiple-ownerships, since refurbishment is a collective decision, which can sometimes be difficult to achieve. Uses panel data in Hong Kong to estimate the impact of refurbishment on the market value of properties in a large housing estate. The results show that the refurbishment brought about approximately a 9 per cent increase in the market value of the properties, which far exceeds the cost of refurbishment. Suggests that property owners of a housing estate will benefit if they can reach a collective decision on renovation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632770310460504
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