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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-13
    Description: "The Chinese economy is currently undergoing a profound institutional transformation—a quiet revolution. In a regulated environment geared to the requirements of state-owned enterprises, the successs of the private sector as the main focus for economic growth is remarkable. State-owned enterprises are currently being restructured based on market conditions in which private firms are now permitted to play an important role. Fascinated by the implications of this reform within the Chinese economy, the Asia-Pacific School of Economics and Management of The Australian National University, in conjunction with the China Center for Economic Research of Peking University research team, conducted a large sample survey. Four study sites were chosen: Beijing, Chengdu, Shunde and Wenzhou. Leading economists analyse the nature and dynamics of private sector reform within the Chinese economy and make recommendations for policy which support opportunities for growth and investment. This work, originally published by Asia Pacific Press, is reproduced here in the interests of maintaining open access to high-quality academic works no longer in print."
    Keywords: economy ; reform ; policy ; china ; Beijing ; Chengdu ; Chief executive officer ; Private sector ; Shunde District ; Wenzhou ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCG Economic growth
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 389-390 (Sept. 2008), p. 430-435 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is an excellent technology to machining die andmold, but it is uneasy to obtain mirror-like surface. Powder-Mixed dielectric electrical dischargemachining (PMD-EDM) is the innovative technology of EDM process, which can improve thequality of machined surface and applied in EDM finish machining now. The powder is usually hardparticles, such as Al, Cu, Cr and Si in PMD-EDM. This paper presents a new research of PMD-EDMwith suspending soft particles and abrasive grits in the dielectric fluid, especially focus on surfaceroughness. Experimental result shows the EDM process with polymer particles and abrasive grits canbe carried out in silicone oil and the surface roughness has the finer improvement when increasing therotation speed. Also, the effect of hard particles suspending in dielectric fluid are also discussed andcompared. The surface roughness using polymer particles and abrasive in specific condition wasbetter than only hard particles in silicone oil. Moreover, mixing abrasive and polymer in EDM canperform the polishing process
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 61 (1994), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We apply the Batalin-Fradkin algorithm combined with the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky formalism to the generalized Schwinger model. We obtain the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin invariant action showing that the auxiliary fields introduced in the algorithm turn into the Wess-Zumino scalar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 37 (1988), S. 469-476 
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Проведены поиски непосредственного доказательства существования низко-температурных и высоко-температурных активных центров на Pt/Al2O3 в реакции дегидроциклизации. Полагают, что первые представляют собой дисперсную металлическую Pt, а последние состоят из сверхдисперсной металлической Pt, либо из изолированных атомной и ионной Pt.
    Notes: Abstract The work represents a search for direct evidence of the existence of low temperature and high temperature active sites over Pt−Al2O3 for dehydrocyclization reaction. It is suggested that the former consists of dispersed metallic Pt and the latter of super-dispersed metallic Pt or isolated atomic Pt and ionic Pt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 46 (1992), S. 179-186 
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Методы ПАСХА и ЭСХА использовали для исследования систем TiO2−Al2O3 и Mo−Co/TiO2−Al2O3. Было показано, что введение окиси титана на Al2O3 в соответствующем количестве (4 вес.%) значительно влияет на электронные свойства поверхностных центров, а особенно в изгибах (т.е. сильный электронный акцептор или CUS Al3+), и тем самым сильно улучшает ГДС активность катализаторов Mo−Co/TiO2−Al2O3.
    Notes: Abstract PASCA and ESCA were utilized to investigate the TiO2−Al2O3 and Mo−Co/TiO2−Al2O3 systems. It was revealed that introduction of titania onto Al2O3 with the proper content (4 wt.%) significantly influences the electronic properties of surface sites, particularly the kink sites (i.e. strong electron acceptor, or CUS Al3+) and hence markedly improves the HDS activity of the Mo−Co/TiO2−Al2O3 catalysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 36 (1988), S. 389-394 
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Медь в катализаторе Pt−Cu/Al2O3 оказывает либо электронный лигандный эффект, либо ансамблированныь эффект в эависимости от метода приготовления катализатора. При добавке Pt перед Cu, последняя прояляет электронный лигандный эффект, а при обратной последовательности или при одновременном смешивании б основном наблюдается ансамблированный эффект.
    Notes: Abstract In Pt−Cu−Al2O3 catalysts Cu might display either Electronic Ligand Effect or Ensemble Effect, depending on the preparation method of catalysts. For catalysts with Pt added before Cu, the latter exhibits an Electronic Ligand Effect. However, for catalysts with Cu added before Pt or with co-added Pt and Cu, Cu mainly demonstrates an Ensemble Effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2016-12-19
    Description: Astrocytes are believed to bridge interactions between infiltrating lymphocytes and neurons during brain ischemia, but the mechanisms for this action are poorly understood. Here we found that interleukin-15 (IL-15) is dramatically up-regulated in astrocytes of postmortem brain tissues from patients with ischemic stroke and in a mouse model of transient focal brain ischemia. We generated a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter-controlled IL-15–expressing transgenic mouse (GFAP–IL-15tg) line and found enlarged brain infarcts, exacerbated neurodeficits after the induction of brain ischemia. In addition, knockdown of IL-15 in astrocytes attenuated ischemic brain injury. Interestingly, the accumulation of CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells was augmented in these GFAP–IL-15tg mice after brain ischemia. Of note, depletion of CD8+ T or NK cells attenuated ischemic brain injury in GFAP–IL-15tg mice. Furthermore, knockdown of the IL-15 receptor α or blockade of cell-to-cell contact diminished the activation and effector function of CD8+ T and NK cells in GFAP–IL-15tg mice, suggesting that astrocytic IL-15 is delivered in trans to target cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that astrocytic IL-15 could aggravate postischemic brain damage via propagation of CD8+ T and NK cell-mediated immunity.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1993-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-05-07
    Description: Background: DNA methylation has essential roles in transcriptional regulation, imprinting, X chromosome inactivation and other cellular processes, and aberrant CpG methylation is directly involved in the pathogenesis of human imprinting disorders and many cancers. To address the need for a quantitative and highly multiplexed bisulfite sequencing method with long read lengths for targeted CpG methylation analysis, we developed single-molecule real-time bisulfite sequencing (SMRT-BS). Results: Optimized bisulfite conversion and PCR conditions enabled the amplification of DNA fragments up to ~1.5 kb, and subjecting overlapping 625–1491 bp amplicons to SMRT-BS indicated high reproducibility across all amplicon lengths (r = 0.972) and low standard deviations (≤0.10) between individual CpG sites sequenced in triplicate. Higher variability in CpG methylation quantitation was correlated with reduced sequencing depth, particularly for intermediately methylated regions. SMRT-BS was validated by orthogonal bisulfite-based microarray (r = 0.906; 42 CpG sites) and second generation sequencing (r = 0.933; 174 CpG sites); however, longer SMRT-BS amplicons (〉1.0 kb) had reduced, but very acceptable, correlation with both orthogonal methods (r = 0.836-0.897 and r = 0.892-0.927, respectively) compared to amplicons less than ~1.0 kb (r = 0.940-0.951 and r = 0.948-0.963, respectively). Multiplexing utility was assessed by simultaneously subjecting four distinct CpG island amplicons (702–866 bp; 325 CpGs) and 30 hematological malignancy cell lines to SMRT-BS (average depth of 110X), which identified a spectrum of highly quantitative methylation levels across all interrogated CpG sites and cell lines. Conclusions: SMRT-BS is a novel, accurate and cost-effective targeted CpG methylation method that is amenable to a high degree of multiplexing with minimal clonal PCR artifacts. Increased sequencing depth is necessary when interrogating longer amplicons (〉1.0 kb) and the previously reported bisulfite sequencing PCR bias towards unmethylated DNA should be considered when measuring intermediately methylated regions. Coupled with an optimized bisulfite PCR protocol, SMRT-BS is capable of interrogating ~1.5 kb amplicons, which theoretically can cover ~91% of CpG islands in the human genome.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 10
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