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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2013-11-01
    Description: Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and can be preserved in vitro in a naive inner-cell-mass-like configuration by providing exogenous stimulation with leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and small molecule inhibition of ERK1/ERK2 and GSK3beta signalling (termed 2i/LIF conditions). Hallmarks of naive pluripotency include driving Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) transcription by its distal enhancer, retaining a pre-inactivation X chromosome state, and global reduction in DNA methylation and in H3K27me3 repressive chromatin mark deposition on developmental regulatory gene promoters. Upon withdrawal of 2i/LIF, naive mouse ES cells can drift towards a primed pluripotent state resembling that of the post-implantation epiblast. Although human ES cells share several molecular features with naive mouse ES cells, they also share a variety of epigenetic properties with primed murine epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). These include predominant use of the proximal enhancer element to maintain OCT4 expression, pronounced tendency for X chromosome inactivation in most female human ES cells, increase in DNA methylation and prominent deposition of H3K27me3 and bivalent domain acquisition on lineage regulatory genes. The feasibility of establishing human ground state naive pluripotency in vitro with equivalent molecular and functional features to those characterized in mouse ES cells remains to be defined. Here we establish defined conditions that facilitate the derivation of genetically unmodified human naive pluripotent stem cells from already established primed human ES cells, from somatic cells through induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming or directly from blastocysts. The novel naive pluripotent cells validated herein retain molecular characteristics and functional properties that are highly similar to mouse naive ES cells, and distinct from conventional primed human pluripotent cells. This includes competence in the generation of cross-species chimaeric mouse embryos that underwent organogenesis following microinjection of human naive iPS cells into mouse morulas. Collectively, our findings establish new avenues for regenerative medicine, patient-specific iPS cell disease modelling and the study of early human development in vitro and in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gafni, Ohad -- Weinberger, Leehee -- Mansour, Abed AlFatah -- Manor, Yair S -- Chomsky, Elad -- Ben-Yosef, Dalit -- Kalma, Yael -- Viukov, Sergey -- Maza, Itay -- Zviran, Asaf -- Rais, Yoach -- Shipony, Zohar -- Mukamel, Zohar -- Krupalnik, Vladislav -- Zerbib, Mirie -- Geula, Shay -- Caspi, Inbal -- Schneir, Dan -- Shwartz, Tamar -- Gilad, Shlomit -- Amann-Zalcenstein, Daniela -- Benjamin, Sima -- Amit, Ido -- Tanay, Amos -- Massarwa, Rada -- Novershtern, Noa -- Hanna, Jacob H -- England -- Nature. 2013 Dec 12;504(7479):282-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12745. Epub 2013 Oct 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [2]. ; 1] The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [2] The Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [3] The Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [4]. ; 1] Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel [2] The Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Medical School, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. ; Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel. ; The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. ; 1] The Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [2] The Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. ; The Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (INCPM), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. ; The Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24172903" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; Cellular Reprogramming ; Chimera/embryology ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology/embryology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Germ Layers/cytology ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism/transplantation ; Male ; Mice ; Morula/cytology ; Organogenesis ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Regenerative Medicine ; Reproducibility of Results ; Signal Transduction ; X Chromosome Inactivation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gafni, Ohad -- Weinberger, Leehee -- Mansour, Abed AlFatah -- Manor, Yair S -- Chomsky, Elad -- Ben-Yosef, Dalit -- Kalma, Yael -- Viukov, Sergey -- Maza, Itay -- Zviran, Asaf -- Rais, Yoach -- Shipony, Zohar -- Mukamel, Zohar -- Krupalnik, Vladislav -- Zerbib, Mirie -- Geula, Shay -- Caspi, Inbal -- Schneir, Dan -- Shwartz, Tamar -- Gilad, Shlomit -- Amann-Zalcenstein, Daniela -- Benjamin, Sima -- Amit, Ido -- Tanay, Amos -- Massarwa, Rada -- Novershtern, Noa -- Hanna, Jacob H -- England -- Nature. 2015 Apr 30;520(7549):710. doi: 10.1038/nature14370. Epub 2015 Apr 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25830888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-01-09
    Description: Naive and primed pluripotent states retain distinct molecular properties, yet limited knowledge exists on how their state transitions are regulated. Here, we identify Mettl3, an N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) transferase, as a regulator for terminating murine naive pluripotency. Mettl3 knockout preimplantation epiblasts and naive embryonic stem cells are depleted for m(6)A in mRNAs, yet are viable. However, they fail to adequately terminate their naive state and, subsequently, undergo aberrant and restricted lineage priming at the postimplantation stage, which leads to early embryonic lethality. m(6)A predominantly and directly reduces mRNA stability, including that of key naive pluripotency-promoting transcripts. This study highlights a critical role for an mRNA epigenetic modification in vivo and identifies regulatory modules that functionally influence naive and primed pluripotency in an opposing manner.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geula, Shay -- Moshitch-Moshkovitz, Sharon -- Dominissini, Dan -- Mansour, Abed AlFatah -- Kol, Nitzan -- Salmon-Divon, Mali -- Hershkovitz, Vera -- Peer, Eyal -- Mor, Nofar -- Manor, Yair S -- Ben-Haim, Moshe Shay -- Eyal, Eran -- Yunger, Sharon -- Pinto, Yishay -- Jaitin, Diego Adhemar -- Viukov, Sergey -- Rais, Yoach -- Krupalnik, Vladislav -- Chomsky, Elad -- Zerbib, Mirie -- Maza, Itay -- Rechavi, Yoav -- Massarwa, Rada -- Hanna, Suhair -- Amit, Ido -- Levanon, Erez Y -- Amariglio, Ninette -- Stern-Ginossar, Noam -- Novershtern, Noa -- Rechavi, Gideon -- Hanna, Jacob H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):1002-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1261417. Epub 2015 Jan 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. ; Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. ; Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. ; Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. ; The Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. ; The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. The Department of Pediatrics and the Pediatric Immunology Unit, Rambam Medical Center, and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. ; Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. ; The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. jacob.hanna@weizmann.ac.il noa.novershtern@weizmann.ac.il gidi.rechavi@sheba.health.gov.il. ; Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. jacob.hanna@weizmann.ac.il noa.novershtern@weizmann.ac.il gidi.rechavi@sheba.health.gov.il.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25569111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Blastocyst/enzymology ; Cell Differentiation/genetics/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Embryo Loss/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Male ; Methylation ; Methyltransferases/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/enzymology ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-11-29
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-12-19
    Description: Aneuploidy, an abnormal number of chromosomes, is a widespread phenomenon found in unicellulars such as yeast, as well as in plants and in mammalians, especially in cancer. Aneuploidy is a genome-scale aberration that imposes a severe burden on the cell, yet under stressful conditions specific aneuploidies confer a selective advantage....
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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