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  • 1
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    A novel AP-1/miR-101 regulatory feedback loop and its implication in the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: MicroRNA-101 (miR-101) is frequently downregulated in various cancers. To date, the regulatory networks of miR-101 remain obscure. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-101 was mainly transcribed from human miR-101-2 and mouse miR-101b gene loci. Subsequent analyses revealed that activator protein-1 (AP-1) directly binded to the –17.4 to –16.4 k region upstream of pre-miR-101-2 and activated the expression of miR-101. On the other hand, miR-101 could inhibit the expression of ERK2 and c-Fos, two key factors of the AP-1 pathway, by binding to their 3'-UTRs. Furthermore, reintroduction of miR-101 efficiently suppressed the AP-1 activity and pri-miR-101-2 transcription. These data thus suggest a novel AP-1/miR-101 regulatory circuitry, that is, AP-1 promotes the transcription of miR-101, whereas the expression of miR-101 reduces the level of ERK2 and c-Fos and thereby attenuates the AP-1 signaling. Further investigation disclosed that the AP-1 activator TPA-induced MMP9 activity and the TPA-promoted migration and invasion of hepatoma cells were significantly attenuated by miR-101 but were enhanced by miR-101 inhibitor. Our results suggest that the AP-1/miR-101 feedback loop may prevent the excessive activation of metastatic signals imposed by ERK2/AP-1 and highlight the biological significance of miR-101 downregulation in cancer metastasis.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Power-dependent spin amplification in (In, Ga)As/GaAs quantum well via Pauli blocking by tunnel-coupled quantum dot ensembles (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-04-12
    Description: Power-dependent time-resolved optical spin orientation measurements were performed on In 0.1 Ga 0.9 As quantum well (QW) and In 0.5 Ga 0.5 As quantum dot (QD) tunnel-coupled structures with an 8-nm-thick GaAs barrier. A fast transient increase of electron spin polarization was observed at the QW ground state after circular-polarized pulse excitation. The temporal maximum of polarization increased with increasing pumping fluence owing to enhanced spin blocking in the QDs, yielding a highest amplification of 174% with respect to the initial spin polarization. Further elevation of the laser power gradually quenched the polarization dynamics, which was induced by saturated spin filling of both the QDs and the QW phase spaces.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Overexpression of a Populus trichocarpa H+-pyrophosphatase gene PtVP1.1 confers salt tolerance on transgenic poplar (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-25
    Description: The Arabidopsis vacuolar H + -pyrophosphatase ( AVP1 ) has been well studied and subsequently employed to improve salt and/or drought resistance in herbaceous plants. However, the exact function of H + -pyrophosphatase in woody plants still remains unknown. In this work, we cloned a homolog of type I H + -pyrophosphatase gene, designated as PtVP1.1 , from Populus trichocarpa , and investigated its function in both Arabidopsis and poplar. The deduced translation product PtVP1.1 shares 89.74% identity with AVP1. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed a ubiquitous expression pattern of PtVP1.1 in various tissues, including roots, stems, leaves and shoot tips. Heterologous expression of PtVP1.1 rescued the retarded-root-growth phenotype of avp1 , an Arabidopsis knock out mutant of AVP1 , on low carbohydrate medium. Overexpression of PtVP1.1 in poplar ( P. davidiana   x   P. bolleana ) led to more vigorous growth of transgenic plants in the presence of 150 mM NaCl. Microsomal membrane vesicles derived from PtVP1.1 transgenic plants exhibited higher H + -pyrophosphatase hydrolytic activity than those from wild type (WT). Further studies indicated that the improved salt tolerance was associated with a decreased Na + and increased K + accumulation in the leaves of transgenic plants. Na + efflux and H + influx in the roots of transgenic plants were also significantly higher than those in the WT plants. All these results suggest that PtVP1.1 is a functional counterpart of AVP1 and can be genetically engineered for salt tolerance improvement in trees.
    Print ISSN: 0829-318X
    Electronic ISSN: 1758-4469
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Synthesis of CuO/Co3O4 Coaxial Heterostructures for Efficient and Recycling Photodegradation (2015)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-01
    Description: The highly efficient CuO/Co3O4 composite photocatalyst with different morphologies has been synthesized directly on Cu wire mesh by controlling the composition of cobalt-containing solid precursors via a simple hydrothermal method. The structure morphology and composition of the composite photocatalyst have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. The photocatalytic result shows that the CuO/Co3O4 coaxial heterostructure is easy to recycle and exhibit enhanced photodegradation activity for methylene blue compared to single CuO nanorod arrays under full spectrum solar light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of the composite could be ascribed to the synergistic effect of CuO and Co3O4. This study provides a general and effective method in the fabrication of 1D composition NRs with sound heterojunctions that show enhancement of photocatalytic performance and facility of recycling.
    Print ISSN: 1110-662X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-529X
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
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    Effect of graphene on photoluminescence properties of graphene/GeSi quantum dot hybrid structures (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-16
    Description: Graphene has been discovered to have two effects on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of graphene/GeSi quantum dot (QD) hybrid structures, which were formed by covering monolayer graphene sheet on the multilayer ordered GeSi QDs sample surfaces. At the excitation of 488 nm laser line, the hybrid structure had a reduced PL intensity, while at the excitation of 325 nm, it had an enhanced PL intensity. The attenuation in PL intensity can be attributed to the transferring of electrons from the conducting band of GeSi QDs to the graphene sheet. The electron transfer mechanism was confirmed by the time resolved PL measurements. For the PL enhancement, a mechanism called surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) enhanced absorption mechanism is proposed, in which the excitation of SPP in the graphene is suggested. Due to the resonant excitation of SPP by incident light, the absorption of incident light is much enhanced at the surface region, thus leading to more exciton generation and a PL enhancement in the region. The results may be helpful to provide us a way to improve optical properties of low dimensional surface structures.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Anomalous spectral dependence of optical polarization and its impact on spin detection in InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-02
    Description: We show that circularly polarized emission light from InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) ensembles under optical spin injection from an adjacent GaAs layer can switch its helicity depending on emission wavelengths and optical excitation density. We attribute this anomalous behavior to simultaneous contributions from both positive and negative trions and a lower number of photo-excited holes than electrons being injected into the QDs due to trapping of holes at ionized acceptors and a lower hole mobility. Our results call for caution in reading out electron spin polarization by optical polarization of the QD ensembles and also provide a guideline in improving efficiency of spin light emitting devices that utilize QDs.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    China's rapid urbanization (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, X Jin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 18;342(6156):310. doi: 10.1126/science.342.6156.310-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animal Diseases/epidemiology ; Animals ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Plant Diseases/statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data ; Unemployment/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Urban Population/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Urbanization/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    China's nuclear power goals surge ahead (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, X Jin -- Zhang, Donghui -- Xu, Mi -- Li, Jinying -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 12;340(6129):142. doi: 10.1126/science.340.6129.142-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Temperature-dependent spin injection dynamics in InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dot tunnel-coupled nanostructures (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-16
    Description: Time-resolved optical spin orientation spectroscopy was employed to investigate the temperature-dependent electron spin injection in In 0.1 Ga 0.9 As quantum well (QW) and In 0.5 Ga 0.5 As quantum dots (QDs) tunnel-coupled nanostructures with 4, 6, and 8 nm-thick GaAs barriers. The fast picosecond-ranged spin injection from QW to QD excited states (ES) was observed to speed up with temperature, as induced by pronounced longitudinal-optical (LO)-phonon-involved multiple scattering process, which contributes to a thermally stable and almost fully spin-conserving injection within 5–180 K. The LO-phonon coupling was also found to cause accelerated electron spin relaxation of QD ES at elevated temperature, mainly via hyperfine interaction with random nuclear field.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Long-term potentiation of neuron-glia synapses mediated by Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-10
    Description: Interactions between neurons and glial cells in the brain may serve important functions in the development, maintenance, and plasticity of neural circuits. Fast neuron-glia synaptic transmission has been found between hippocampal neurons and NG2 cells, a distinct population of macroglia-like cells widely distributed in the brain. We report that these neuron-glia synapses undergo activity-dependent modifications analogous to long-term potentiation (LTP) at excitatory synapses, a hallmark of neuronal plasticity. However, unlike the induction of LTP at many neuron-neuron synapses, both induction and expression of LTP at neuron-NG2 synapses involve Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors on NG2 cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ge, Woo-Ping -- Yang, Xiu-Juan -- Zhang, Zhijun -- Wang, Hui-Kun -- Shen, Wanhua -- Deng, Qiu-Dong -- Duan, Shumin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 9;312(5779):1533-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China. shumin@ion.ac.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Hippocampus/cytology ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Long-Term Potentiation ; Neuroglia/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, AMPA/*physiology ; Synapses/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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