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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seed Incompatibility in Primula (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 778-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The seeds produced in the reciprocal diploid-tetraploid crosses in Primula are of two types, according to the direction of the cross; similar contrasting seed types are found in a number of diploid interspecific crosses in this group4. This is shown in Table 1, where the P. elatior-P. veris cross ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185778b0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Best kind of Natural History (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 270 (1977), S. 545-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] As Professor Harper states in his preface, population biology was for almost half a century the almost exclusive preserve of zoologists. In the early part of this century, Sukatschew, Tansley and especially Clements experimented on plant populations, but thereafter most plant ecologists turned to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/270545a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blueprint for Survival (1972)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 235 (1972), S. 179-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,?The leading article in Nature entitled "The Case against Hysteria" (Nature, 235, 63; 1972) does little credit to a distinguished journal, from which one expects impartial and well balanced assessments of scientific and social problems. Those who are criticized for the views they advance may ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/235179b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anthill vegetation in a norfolk saltmarsh (1974)
    Springer
    Oecologia 16 (1974), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Anthills made by Lasius flavus F. in a saltmarsh have significantly different vegetation from that of the surrounding marsh. One species, Frankenia laevis L., is differentially distributed with aspect on the mounds. The reasons for these differences and the problems of survival of anthills on a saltmarsh are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345884
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Litter input, litter decomposition and the evolution of carbon dioxide in a beech woodland—Wytham woods, Oxford (1975)
    Springer
    Oecologia 20 (1975), S. 203-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Tree litter fall was measured from May 1969 to April 1973 and varied between 205 and 388 g m-2a-1. Peak standing crops of the ground flora were determined between September 1969 and October 1972 and fell in the range 17.3 to 20.9 g m-2 a-1. Litter losses due to wind action had a net value of 8 g m-2 a-1 and the mean above ground litter input to the soil was 235 g m-2 a-1. Between February 1971 and January 1973 above ground litter loss due to decomposition was calculated from litter standing crop depletions and litter turnover times. It was estimated to be 235.8 g m-2 a-1. Steady state conditions were thus assumed for this woodland. The contribution to litter from dying roots was estimated at 92 g m-2 a-1 and hence the total input of dead organic matter to the site was 327 g m-2 a-1. Soil metabolism, measured as carbon dioxide evolution, showed a significant correlation with temperature and during 1973–1974 had a dry matter equivalent of 342 g m-2 a-1. The difference between the above ground litter input (235 g m-2 a-1) and the dry matter equivalent of soil metabolism (342 g m-2 a -1) was attributed to the decomposition of root litter, root respiration and the respiratory activity of fungal mycorrhizae. Total organic matter decomposition accounted for 95% of total soil metabolism whilst the contributions by root and mycorrhizal respiration approximated 4 and 1%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347473
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Earthworm numbers, biomass and respiratory metabolism in a beech woodland-Wytham Woods, Oxford (1978)
    Springer
    Oecologia 33 (1978), S. 291-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mean annual population density of earthworms was found to be 164.6 m-2 during a period of detailed study between October 1971 and September 1972. In a year of less detailed study between November 1972 and October 1973 the population density was 117.5 m-2 (139.8 m-2 when the type of extraction method was allowed for). Mean biomass densities in the two years of investigation were 41.0 g preserved wet wt m-2 (1971–1972) and 38.6 (possibly 39.2) g preserved wet wt m-2 (1972–1973). Comparison of the Brogden's Belt population and biomass densities with those reported from other woodlands indicates that soil type is more important than leaf litter type in determining the numerical abundance of earthworms. Population densities are lower in beechwoods on mor soils, mor soils also support significantly fewer species. As with numbers, mean biomass density in beechwoods on mor soils was significantly lower than that occurring in beechwoods on mull soils; the latter, in turn, being lower than those found in mixed deciduous woods on mull soils. Unlike population density biomass density is influenced by both soil and litter type, this is discussed by reference to mean body weights and food quality as reflected by tannin, nitrogen and carbohydrate content. The annual respiratory metabolism of the Brogden's Belt earthworms was calculated to be between 10.7 and 13.41 O2 m-2 a-1, which is equivalent to between 4.1 and 5.1% of the total soil metabolism. A production/biomass ratio of 0.49–0.58 was estimated, as was a net population efficiency of 22%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nematode numbers, biomass and respiratory metabolism in a beech woodland—Wytham Woods, Oxford (1977)
    Springer
    Oecologia 27 (1977), S. 141-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mean annual population density of nematodes in the litter and upper 6 cm of soil was found to be 368,000 m-2. Mean individual live weight biomass approximated 0.2 μg and mean biomass was calculated to be 74.6 mg live weight m-2. No evidence of seasonal vertical migration between the litter, 0–3 cm and 3–6 cm strata was found and on average these strata contained 21.9, 46.2 and 31.9% respectively of the total number of nematodes recovered. The equivalent biomass values were 26.14, 56.57, and 17.29%. Total numbers revealed a general picture of low densities in spring and high ones in early winter, whereas biomass m-2 was low in late summer — autumn and high in winter. The annual oxygen consumption of the extracted nematodes was calculated to approximate 0.211 m-2 (≈4.0 kJ m-2) but when corrected for the effect of individual biomass (weight specific oxygen uptake) was equivalent to an energy expenditure ≈6.0 kJ m-2 which in its turn, because of the efficiencies of extraction, probably accounts for only 87% of the total energy expenditure by the nematode fauna. The nematodes were estimated to be responsible for a minimum of 0.11% to a maximum of 0.13% of the total “soil” respiration. A production/biomass ratio of 5.16 was estimated as was a net population production efficiency of 36.63%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345819
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enchytraeid numbers, biomass and respiratory metabolism in a beech woodland - Wytham Woods, Oxford (1979)
    Springer
    Oecologia 43 (1979), S. 173-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mean annual population density of enchytraeids in the litter and upper 6 cm of soil was found to be 14,590 m-2. Mean individual weights approximated 116, 158 and 151 μg wet wt. in the litter, 0–3 cm and 3–6 cm strata respectively. The mean biomass was estimated to be 1.908 g wet wt m-2. Vertical migration was shown to occur, the upward migration in late Autumn was a response to temperatures in the litter being temporarily higher than those of the 0–3 cm stratum. As a result of upward vertical migration and possibly recruitment, numbers reached a maximum in the litter during Winter. On an annual basis the litter, 0–3 and 3–6 cm strata contained 41.43, 46.44 and 12.12% respectively of the extracted enchytraeids. The equivalent biomass values were 33.18, 52.46 and 14.36%. Total numbers and biomass revealed a general picture of high values in late Autumn to Winter which gradually decreased through Spring and Summer except for a minor peak in May–June. The annual oxygen consumption of the enchytraeids approximated 4.285 l O2 m-2 yr-1 (≡20.461 kcal≡85.610 kJ) and accounted for 1.63% of the total soil metabolism. A production/biomass (P/B) ratio of 4.93 was estimated as was a net population efficiency of 32%. For this site the contribution by enchytraeids to total soil respiration is about one-third that of the earthworms and an order of magnitude greater than that of the nematodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344769
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity and seed germination patterns in coastal plants (1985)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 61 (1985), S. 223-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Coastal habitat ; Germination ; Salinity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The seed germination behaviour of a number of coastal species suggests that they can be separated into three categories, whose response to salinity shows some correlation with habitat. All but two germinated well in fresh water. After immersion for several days in 1/2, full, and 1 1/2 strength seawater all recover at least partly. Dune species are more adversely affected by salinity than those from shingle, driftline or salt marsh. Several species, mostly from salt marsh, exhibit ‘salt stimulation’. The final germination on transfer to fresh water of these species is greater the higher the salinity during pretreatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039828
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  • 10
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    The cytology of Caltha palustris: Cytogenetic relationships (1971)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-067X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2540
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature
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