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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organelle Movements (1993)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 44 (1993), S. 181-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-2519
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.44.060193.001145
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Act in the alga, Chara corallina (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 248 (1974), S. 801-802 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FIG. 1 a, A simple filament without Si treatment or, as in this case, after treatment with Si and ATP. b, Filament after treatment with Si. In places an arrowhead effect is seen; elsewhere the surface of the filament is irregular. Bar = 100 mm. Internodal cells about 70 mm in length were ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/248801a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pellicular Ultrastructure and Euglenoid Movement in Euglena ehrenbergii Klebs and Euglena oxyuris Schmarda (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 33 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The pellicular ultrastructure of Euglena ehrenbergii and Euglena oxyuris is examined for differences that might account for their very different motile activity. Their general ultrastructure is closely similar, but the continuity between adjacent pellicular strips found in E. oxyuris would severely restrict strip sliding and contribute to this species’very limited cell-shape changes. The strips of E. ehrenbergii have plate-like projections, whose constant orientation is consistent with strips sliding without deforming obliquely on cell rounding. Some variations and constant features in pellicular ultrastructure are noted and discussed in regard to the sliding strip mechanism for euglenoid shape changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05583.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure and Sliding of Pellicular Structures During Euglenoid Movement in Astasia longa Pringsheim (Sarcomastigophora, Euglenida) (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 33 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The fine structure of cells and isolated pellicular sheets of Astasia longa is examined in relation to the sliding between neighboring pellicular strips believed to accompany euglenoid movement. Sonication breaks the repeating structure of the pellicle in the groove region where tannic acid fixation resolves separate but overlapping pellicular strips. All microtubules (including the two lying between the overlapping strips) remain with the inner strip. We therefore suggest that this fracture plane defines the boundary where sliding occurs between adjacent pellicular units. Consistent with this, traversing filaments running from groove to groove to connect the pellicular strips of adjacent units are displaced from transverse to oblique when elongated cells round up. In contrast, no changes suggestive of distortion within each unit are detected in the particle arrays of the ridge plasma membrane that overlies a single unit. The results are discussed in relation to previous ultrastructural studies, the site at which the force to cause sliding is generated, and the role of the traversing filaments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05585.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free Ca 2+ and cytoplasmic streaming in the alga Chara (1982)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 296 (1982), S. 647-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Aequorin was injected into internodal cells of Chara corallina or Nitella sp., and initially showed a high light emission that, except for occasional transient increases, declined rapidly for 30-50 min (Fig. la). This probably reflected a relatively highcytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentrationinjection ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/296647a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tip-localised H+-fluxes and the applicability of the acid-growth hypothesis to tip-growing cells: Control of chloronemal extension in Funaria hygrometrica by auxin and light (1989)
    Springer
    Planta 178 (1989), S. 96-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acid growth ; Auxin and tip growth ; Bryophyta ; Cell growth (tip) ; Funaria ; Proton fluxes ; Tip growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of tip-localised H+ secretion in regulating chloronemal tip growth in the moss Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. was investigated. pH was monitored with pH microelectrodes placed close to the cell surface while the rate of extension growth was manipulated by illumination and by the application of indole-3-acetic acid. Growth stimulations were accompanied by acidification of the external solution; this acidification was most pronounced at the growing tip. The timing and extent of acification external to the tip correlated well with the magnitude and time course of growth stimulations. The maintenance of both growth and H+ efflux under CO2-free conditions indicated that neither photosynthetic nor respiratory CO2 metabolism were involved. Artificially acidifying the nutrient solution rapidly but transiently stimulated elongation in both white light and darkness. Furthermore, the stimulation of elongation caused by white light was inhibited if the nutrient solution was buffered strongly near neutrality. We conclude that the “acid growth” hypothesis is applicable to tip growth in Funaria and that light and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid act at least in part by stimulating localised H+-ion efflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392532
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation of the contractile protein hypothesis of phloem translocation (1972)
    Springer
    Planta 106 (1972), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Experiments are reported which were designed to test the hypothesis that the movement of the translocation stream is driven by the contractile activity of P-protein filaments. The different types of filament found after negative staining of phloem exudates from Ricinus communis and Cucurbita pepo are described. An approximate model is proposed for the quaternary structure of a 20 nm component in the R. communis exudate. None of the filaments showed any ability to bind heavy meromyosin subfragment one. In experiments with cytochalasin B, no evidence of effects on the movement of 14C-assimilates or on the ultrastructure of the sieve elements of Lepidium sativum was found. It is concluded that the available evidence is unfavourable to the view that P-protein resembles known contractile proteins elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383994
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Euglenoid movement inEuglena fusca: Evidence for sliding between pellicular strips (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 124 (1985), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Euglena fusca ; Euglenoid movement ; Flagellate ; Microtubules ; Videomicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary InEuglena fusca, each pellicular strip carries a row of particles on its surface. The relative displacement of particles on adjacent strips was analysed by video-microscopy and evidence was obtained that adjacent pellicular strips slide relative to each other during euglenoid movement.E. fusca shows two types of euglenoid movement, oscillatory bending and rounding-up of the cell body. During oscillatory bending, the maximum velocity of sliding was 0.4 μm/s and the maximum displacement distance between adjacent strips 2.3 μm about their mean position. WhenE. fusca exhibited rounding-up of the cell body, particle displacement again occurred and the angle of the pellicular strips to the long axis of the cell body increased because of pellicular sliding. As a result the distance between the cell's anterior and posterior tips was reduced. There was no change in distance either between rows of particles or between particles within the same row. The findings are incompatible with theories of euglenoid movement requiring local contraction of pellicular strips and point to the likely existence of active sliding between adjacent strips.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279733
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myosins from angiosperms, ferns, and algae amplification of gene fragments with versatile PCR primers and detection of protein products with a monoclonal antibody to a conserved head epitope (1997)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 196 (1997), S. 78-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; Monoclonal antibody ; PCR primers ; Plant myosins ; Synthetic peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Myosins providing the motors for the actin-based motility that occurs in diverse plants have proved difficult to study. To facilitate those studies, we describe polymerase chain reaction primers that reliably amplify part of the myosin head from diverse plants, consensus sequences that characterise the amplified product as encoding a class V or class VIII myosin, and a monoclonal antibody that recognises an epitope conserved in the head of most plant, fungal, and animal myosins. A pair of stringent oligonucleotide primers was designed that, when used in the polymerase chain reaction, amplified at least eleven different myosins from five species of angiosperms and one sequence from each of the fernAzolla and the algaeNitella andPhaeodactylum. The amplified products, comprising 126 to 135 nucleotides encoding part of the myosin head domain, can be used as myosin-specific probes to screen genomic and cDNA libraries. To identify the products of plant myosin genes, we raised a monoclonal antibody (anti-CHE) to a nine amino acid peptide matching a conserved head epitope showing not more than single amino acid substitutions in most published myosin genes. This antibody recognises rabbit skeletal myosin and multiple polypeptides of 〉100 kDa in four angiosperms and in the algaNitella. Relating the Mr values of immunoreactive bands inArabidopsis extracts to the predicted Mr values of the products of five myosin genes supports the view that the antibody recognises both myosins V and VIII together with the products of some as yet unsequenced genes. The previously described MB170 antibodies may, in contrast, be specific for one or more type V myosins. Together, the polymerase chain reaction primers and the antibody represent versatile tools for identifying and categorising myosins in diverse plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281061
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microtubule orientation and dynamics in elongating characean internodal cells following cytosolic acidification, induction of pH bands, or premature growth arrest (1997)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 197 (1997), S. 188-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Acid bands ; Alkaline bands ; Characeae ; Internodes ; Microinjection ; Microtubule dynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cortical microtubules (MTs) at indifferent zones in immatureNitella internodes were investigated by injection of fluorescently tagged sheep brain tubulin into living cells and by immunofluorescence on fixed material. Nearly identical MT patterns and numbers were detected with the two techniques, indicating that sheep brain tubulin incorporated into all cortical MTs. MTs were aligned transversely to the long axis of the cell and approximately one MT was present every micrometer of longitudinal cell distance. Treatment of internodes with propionic acid to acidify cytosolic pH caused depolymerization of MTs and an increase in the unpolymerized tubulin pool. Transfer of young, vigorously elongating cells to media inducing premature growth cessation resulted in a slight decrease in microtubule numbers but did not significantly alter microtubule orientation patterns or microtubule lifespans. MTs remained transverse for days following growth cessation before finally assuming a more random alignment characteristic of mature, non-growing internodes. No differences in MT numbers, orientation, or dynamics were detected between acid and alkaline bands in internodes incubated in a band-inducing medium. Thus, properties of cortical MT arrays were not closely coupled to growth status or to regional differences in cellular physiology associated with pH banding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01288028
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