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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of damage to Norway spruce (Picea abies) through biochemical criteria (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 93 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bioindication can be carried out at different hierarchical levels, eg. cell, organism, and ecosystem. While the monitoring of damage by visible criteria (e.g. loss of needles) is connected with the organism as a whole, the monitoring of damage by biochemical indicators is above all connected with cell metabolism.The degree of vitality of a tree can be ascertained through the integration of a number of biochemical parameters. Furthermore, a differential diagnosis of a particular stress pattern can be carried out because of the feedback pattern of several biochemical indicators. In order to describe and interpret biochemical or physiological changes that have been caused by a number of factors, multivariate statistical methods are being used more frequently. Apart from cluster and discriminant analysis, it is especially factor analysis which provides a helpful tool when dealing with problems in the field of environmental analysis. Factor analysis can be used for an integrating as well as a differentiating assessment.Within the framework of forest damage research, numerous changes at the level of cell metabolism have been detected to which a bioindicative character can be attached. A number of physiological and biochemical parameters with bioindicative character concerning Norway spruce are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb02242.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of ozone to forest decline (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 94 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: More than 10 years of intensive research into forest decline in Germany has ascertained that the full extent of the visible damage cannot be explained by just one of the current hypotheses on forest decline. One of the prominent hypotheses is that chronic exposure of forest trees to ozone is probably one of the primary causes of forest decline. The aim of this paper is the critical review of a number of recent results dealing with the ozone hypothesis from a plant physiological point of view. The synopsis focusses on the effects of ozone on conifers because the most extensive data are available for coniferous trees, especially for spruce (Picea sp.) and pine (Pinus sp.) trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb05325.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of different light qualities on the ultrastructure, thylakoid membrane composition and assimilation metabolism of Chlorella fusca (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 64 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Chlorella fusca (Shihira et Krauss) strain C-1.1.10 was grown under three different light qualities (red, white or blue light) in homocontinuous cultures. Under electron microscopy, blue light cultures showed enlarged cells, thinner cell walls and lower starch content than red light cells. Under blue light, the degree of stacking of the thylakoid membranes was significantly lower than under white or red light conditions. Changing the light from blue to red the ratio of exposed to appressed membranes was doubled. Compared to red light cells, blue light cells exhibited higher photosynthetic rates per chlorophyll molecule and contained less chlorophyll per dry weight. Blue light stimulated the content of soluble protein as well as that of soluble carbohydrates. The dry weight productivity per unit time was enhanced under blue light conditions. The thylakoid protein complexes which are generally assumed to be localized in the exposed membranes were found in higher concentrations under blue light than under red light. In blue light, both the Photosystem II/Photosystem I ratio and the ratio of light-harvesting chlorophyll protein to P-700 chlorophyll a-protein were lower than in red light. Blue light cells contained twice the concentration of cytochrome f, which correlates well with their higher photosynthetic capacity. When altering the light quality, the degree of change in the reaction center complexes was much lower than expected given the corresponding degree of change in the ratio of exposed to appressed membranes. These results are discussed in light of the question as to whether the variation in the stoichiometry of the laterally distributed complexes can be explained by changes in the degree of stacking alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1985.tb03353.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein Cytologischer Beitrag Zur „Entmischungstheorie“ Verschiedener Plastidensorten (1956)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 87 (1956), S. 493-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00737166
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Anpassung des Photosyntheseapparates höherer Pflanzen an die Lichtbedingungen (1985)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 72 (1985), S. 10-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405321
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weitere Untersuchungen zur Variabilität der photosynthetischen Einheit (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 97 (1971), S. 208-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The light saturation curves of photosynthesis of a yellow Chlorella mutant and the normal green strain have been investigated with monochromatic light at 15 different wavelengths in the range from 400 to 700 nm. The concentration of lipophilic quinones in relation to the chlorophyll content at different stages of regreening has also been studied. 1. On the basis of the amount of chlorophyll the photosynthetic efficiency of the yellow-green Chlorella mutant in red light of 672 and 681 nm wavelength is five times as great as that of the normal green type. On the basis of dry weight the two strains fix about the same amount of CO2. 2. In the mutant light saturation always occurs at higher intensities than in the normal strain. 3. Under conditions of light saturation maximal photosynthetic activity of the mutant is less in white light than in red light. 4. The ratio molecules quinone/molecules chlorophyll of the mutant is much higher than that of the normal control. 5. The results 1–4 are explained by the variability of the size of the photosynthetic unit. In the normal form 460 chlorophyll molecules are available for one electron transport system, that is system I and system II together, or 230 molecules per quantum absorbed. In the mutant there are only 80–100 molecules present, or 40–50 molecules per quantum absorbed. For maximum photosynthetic efficiency 30–50 molecules of chlorophyll per unit are needed. 6. Blue light, especially of 452 nm wavelength, strongly inhibits CO2 fixation in the mutant, which then increases slowly in a following red light period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Größe der photosynthetischen Einheit und ihre Variabilität (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 82 (1968), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Even under unsaturated conditions of light a yellow green Chlorella mutant shows a higher photosynthetic efficiency than the normal form on the basis of chlorophyll. This difference in photosynthesis is not influenced by irradiation with red light although in the mutant the ratio carotenoids:chlorophyll is four times higher than in the normal green cells. Therefore we conclude that in the mutant the efficiency of excitation transfer from carotenoids to chlorophyll is reduced. As a result of the smaller photosynthetic units fewer carotenoid molecules are in the vicinity of the chlorophyll. The average increase in the distance between the molecules of the two pigment groups results in the reduction of the excitation transfer to chlorophyll.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384698
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimentelle Beeinflussung des Granamusters einer abweichenden Plastidensorte von Antirrhinum majus (1957)
    Springer
    Planta 50 (1957), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01911377
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über die Regulation der Glykolat-2,6-Dichlorphenolindophenol-Oxidoreduktase bei einer Chlorella-Mutante im Verlauf der Ergrünung (1974)
    Springer
    Planta 121 (1974), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have examined the activity and regulation of the glycolate oxidizing enzyme in ten different greening stages of the Chlorella mutant Chlorella fusca C-1.1.10.10 The mutant has lost the ability to form chlorophyll in the dark. The dark grown cells exposed to light need after a short lag phase about 12 hs for normal greening. CO2-fixation starts after 2 h of illumination. In the first 2 h of illumination we find a phenomenon in the induction of the enzyme activity. In the first hour the activity increases to a maximum and then decreases in the second hour to a minimum. After a recovery time the activity increases proportionally to the time of illumination and finally reaches a value about 8 times higher than that found in the normal Chlorella strain. These results are discussed with respect to a dual mechanism in the regulation of the enzyme activity. At the beginning the glycolate oxidation may be regulated by phytochrome and then by a substrate induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388755
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Gehalt an Plastidenchinonen und Pigmenten von Zea mays und Atriplex rosea in Abhängigkeit von der Lichtintensität und dem Alter der Pflanzen (1972)
    Springer
    Planta 103 (1972), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The concentration of lipophilic plastid quinones (plastoquinone, plastoquinol, α-tocopherol, α-tocoquinone) in the C4-plants Zea mays and Atriplex rosea is lower than in the already studied C3-plants. In Zea mays the concentration of plastid quinones increases only a little with the age of the plant and then decreases again, while the concentration of quinones in Atriplex rosea constantly rises during the whole test period of 10 weeks. The ratio of chlorophyll a:b is 3,5 in Zea mays and 3,6 in Atriplex rosea. The data lead to the supposition that the concentration of photosystem-II-components is lower than the concentration of photosystem-I-components. We assume that especially in the bundle sheath chloroplasts there is a lack of quinones. In the case of Zea mays this could be the reason for the low system-II-activity which has been found by Anderson et al. (1971).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387369
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