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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1972-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 108 (1972), S. 319-331 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Spinach leaves contain a “Spinach Protein Factor” (SPF) which increases light sensitivity of colloidal chlorophylls in aqueous solution (Terpstra, 1967). SPF activity, measured in different fractions of spinach-leaf acetone-powder extracts obtained by gel filtration on DEAE- and CM-Sephadex, runs parallel with chlorophyllase activity. The same positive correlation is generally observed in aqueous extracts of certain small particles isolated from spinach-leaf homogenates. It is suggested that SPF is a chlorophyllase. 2. Another, less active chlorophyllase was found in endive leaves. Evidence is presented that this chlorophyllase competes with the more active SPF chlorophyllase for available (bacterio)chlorophyll. The less active chlorophyllase is also present, in varying amounts, in spinach leaves. 3. SPF activity and chlorophyllase activity are influenced by phosphate in different concentrations in a similar way. 4. Both the SPF chlorophyllase and the less active chlorophyllase accelerate the conversion of colloidal bacteriochlorophyll from a form with red absorption bands at about 845 and 790 nm into a form with a main red band at about 775 nm; besides, the chlorophyllases cause the 775 nm band to be shifted to shorter wavelength (770–766 nm). The conversion by the less active chlorophyllase is inhibited by Ca2+ (0.01 M). Light sensitivity of the 770–766-nm bacteriochlorophyll form is enhanced by the SPF chlorophyllase, but not by the less active chlorophyllase.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 42 (1976), S. 315-324 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbohydrates of intact cells and cell walls were studied by gas-liquid chromatographical analysis after acid hydrolysis. Isolated cellulose was determined by infrared spectrophotometry, pyrolysis mass spectrometry and histochemistry. Biochemical characters do not support an assumed relationship between Ophiostoma (including Europhium) and Cephaloascus fragrans. Cephaloascus fragrans differs from Ophiostoma by a high mannose content and by the absence of cellulose and rhamnose. A relationship between Cephaloascus fragrans and Ceratocystis cannot be excluded on the basis of the biochemical characters, although there is a marked difference in conidiogenesis. Saprolegnia ferax (Oomycetes) was included as a cellulose-containing fungus for comparison.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A procedure is described to culture microorganisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in infusion bottles internally coated with a solid agar medium, in view of headspace sampling of volatile components or extraction of cellular constituents. This method is far less laborious than conventional petri-dish procedures and reduces the risk of contamination. Biochemical analysis of microorganisms usually involves time-consuming and laborious procedures including sterilization of media, inoculation, culturing, killing, harvesting, washing, freeze-drying, extraction and, finally, sampling for separation and characterization of components (Booth, 1971; Constantinescu, 1974). To simplify the procedure, a ‘single bottle technique’ was introduced for liquid media (Weijman, 1978), using regular infusion bottles as applied in blood banks and hospitals. The present paper describes a similar technique for use with agar-containing solid media, as an alternative for or an addition to the use of petri dishes, Roux bottles or roll-tubes (Hirsch, 1948). Procedure: Infusion bottles made of borosilicate glass were used with the following specifications: 500 ml capacity, 21 cm in height and 7.7 cm outside diameter. Bottles containing 50–150 ml medium with 3% agar (w/v) were autoclaved for 20 min at 120°C and cooled to ambient temperature. During cooling the bottles were rotated in a horizontal position at about 50 rpm to allow smooth and gradual coating of the inner surfaces. Subsequently, the flasks were inoculated and incubated (Fig. 1). The bottles can be closed with cotton wool plugs
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 49 (1983), S. 447-456 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic status of Filobasidiella arachnophila Malloch et al. was investigated. The carbohydrate profile of two strains revealed basidiomycetous affinities. However, the vast majority of the mycelial cells are monokaryotic, demonstrating that F. arachnophila is not a typical basidiomycete. The morphological resemblance to the two teleomorph species of Filobasidiella is noteworthy and therefore the accommodation in Filobasidiella is maintained. F. arachnophila proved to be identical with Aspergillus depauperatus Petch and the new combination Filobasidiella arachnophila (Petch) Samson et al. is made.
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  • 6
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 54 (1988), S. 535-543 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: chemotaxonomy ; monosaccharides ; Candida ; cryptococcus ; Rhodotorula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Within the genusCandida three distinct groups are recognized on the basis of carbohydrate patterns of intact whole cell hydrolyzates. In the first, ascomycetous, group mannose is dominant, while rhamnose, fucose and xylose are absent; this is indicative of an affinity with endomycetous families. Among the basidiomycetous representatives, two groups can be recognized. One group is usually characterized by the presence of xylose and has a low mannose content. The pattern is typical for Cryptococcales and Tremellales (e.g.,Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, Bullera andTremella). The other basidiomycetous group is characterized by the presence of fucose and/or rhamnose with significant amounts of mannose. This pattern is characteristic for Sporobolomycetaceae.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: chemotaxonomy ; yeasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of affinitive charactersCandida has been restricted to anamorphs related to the Endomycetales. The excluded basidiomycetous anamorphs have been transferred to the emended generaRhodotorula andCryptococcus.
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  • 8
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 43 (1977), S. 323-331 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbohydrates released during acid hydrolysis of intact cells ofDipodascus were studied by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis as their trimethylsilyl derivatives. In addition, cells were characterized by pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatography and pyrolysis mass spectrometry. The data obtained support the classification ofDipodascus uninucleatus in a separate genusDipodascopsis. Glucuronic acid is present inD. uninucleatus and, therefore, a possible affinity to fungi classified in the Zygomycetes is considered.Dipodascus aggregatus andDipodascus australiensis were found to be rather different, but very close toGeotrichum candidum and related species.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 49 (1983), S. 559-562 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract All CBS strains of the ballistosporic genera Bullera and Sporobolomyces were screened for the presence of xylose by means of gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of derivatized whole-cell hydrolysates. Xylose was found in the majority of Bullera strains, whereas it was mostly absent from Sporobolomyces. The results do not suggest the necessity of any changes in the present concepts of both genera.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 45 (1979), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The yeast-like genera Geotrichum and Trichosporon are heterogeneous and are related with anamorphs of both ascomycetous and basidiomycetous fungi. A rearrangement can be obtained using carbohydrate composition of intact cells, studied with the aid of gas-liquid chromatography. The genus Geotrichum is restricted to ascomycetous species with a dominance of galactomannans, whereas Trichosporon is reserved for basidiomycete-like, xylose-containing species. Consequently, some new combinations are introduced in both genera. Representatives of related genera are included for comparison: e.g. Dipodascus, Hyphopichia, Cryptococcus and Filobasidium.
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