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  • 1
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    Climate-induced changes in the suitable habitat of cold-water corals and commercially important deep-sea fishes in the North Atlantic (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-11
    Description: We used environmental niche modelling along with the best available species occurrence data and environmental parameters to model habitat suitability for key cold-water coral and commercially important deep-sea fish species under present-day (1951-2000) environmental conditions and to forecast changes under severe, high emissions future (2081-2100) climate projections (RCP8.5 scenario) for the North Atlantic Ocean (from 18°N to 76°N and 36°E to 98°W). The VME indicator taxa included Lophelia pertusa , Madrepora oculata, Desmophyllum dianthus, Acanela arbuscula, Acanthogorgia armata, and Paragorgia arborea. The six deep-sea fish species selected were: Coryphaenoides rupestris, Gadus morhua, blackbelly Helicolenus dactylopterus, Hippoglossoides platessoides, Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, and Sebastes mentella. We used an ensemble modelling approach employing three widely-used modelling methods: the Maxent maximum entropy model, Generalized Additive Models, and Random Forest. This dataset contains: 1) Predicted habitat suitability index under present-day (1951-2000) and future (2081-2100; RCP8.5) environmental conditions for twelve deep-sea species in the North Atlantic Ocean, using an ensemble modelling approach.  2) Climate-induced changes in the suitable habitat of twelve deep-sea species in the North Atlantic Ocean, as determined by binary maps built with an ensemble modelling approach and the 10-percentile training presence logistic (10th percentile) threshold. 3) Forecasted present-day suitable habitat loss (value=-1), gain (value=1), and acting as climate refugia (value=2) areas under future (2081-2100; RCP8.5) environmental conditions for twelve deep-sea species in the North Atlantic Ocean. Areas were identified from binary maps built with an ensemble modelling approach and two thresholds: 10-percentile training presence logistic threshold (10th percentile) and maximum sensitivity and specificity (MSS). Refugia areas are those areas predicted as suitable both under present-day and future conditions. All predictions were projected with the Albers equal-area conical projection centred in the middle of the study area. The grid cell resolution is of 3x3 km.
    Keywords: ATLAS; A Trans-Atlantic assessment and deep-water ecosystem-based spatial management plan for Europe; Climate change; cold-water corals; Deep-sea; File format; File name; File size; fisheries; fishes; habitat suitability modelling; octocorals; scleractinians; species distribution models; Uniform resource locator/link to file; vulnerable marine ecosystems
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 384 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benthic invertebrate assemblages of Delaware Bay (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 45 (1978), S. 65-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During two consecutive summers, the first quantitative bay-wide survey (207 stations) of benthic invertebrates was conducted in Delaware Bay (USA). In 1972, 109 species were collected at 105 stations; and in 1973, 125 species were collected at 102 stations. A total of 169 different species were collected for both summers. The number of species and number of individuals increased with increasing salinity and increasing median grain size. These relationships were compared and were found similar to those in estuaries and bays throughout the world. Average density was 722 individuals m2, which is low compared to other estuaries. The relationship of low secondary production to pollution, macroscopic algae, sediment transport, predation, and hydrography is discussed. Deposit feeders comparised the major feeding type. Local species composition was similar to that in Chesapeake Bay, and dominant species occurred in estuaries throughout the Mid-Atlantic Bight. The benthic invertebrates of Delaware Bay were related to the cosmopolitan mode of estuarine faunas. Faunal assemblages were identified by cluster analysis. The assemblages were associated with sediment type and salinity. It was concluded that Delaware Bay comprises a mosaic of animal assemblages, some of which have relatively sharp boundaries similar to classical level bottom type communities, whereas the boundaries of others are almost impossible to detect, and these represent species distributed along an environmental continum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388978
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variations in Delaware Bay phytoplankton community structure (1979)
    Springer
    Marine biology 52 (1979), S. 207-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Whole-water phytoplankton samples were obtained from 3 stations in Delaware Bay on a once- or twice-monthly basis from June 13, 1974 to May 28, 1975. The flora was composed primarily of small flagellates during the summer and early fall, while diatoms dominated from October to May. Peak cell numbers occurred during fall and early spring blooms. Evenness diversity was lowest during periods of maximum diatom abundance and highest when microflagellates predominated. There was a gradual shift in dominance, except during the early spring Skeletonema costatum bloom. Cluster analysis allowed the separation of the flora into 3 time groups and 8 recurrent species groups. The species composition and community structure of Delaware Bay phytoplankton is compared with other USA east-coast estuaries where comparable sampling techniques have been used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398134
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding capabilities and limitation of herbivorous molluscs: A functional group approach (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 68 (1982), S. 299-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The susceptibility of an alga to an herbivorous mollusc depends, in part, upon the size and toughness of the plant relative to the feeding ability of the mollusc. In this study, algae are subdivided into seven functional groups based on these and other physiological characteristics. Herbivorous prosobranchs and chitons are subdivided into four functional groups based on the structure of their feeding apparatus. Distinct patterns in the diets of these molluscs are evident when feeding data, based on these functional groups, are examined. Most herbivorous mollusc species eat algal forms that are either minute (i.e., micro- and filamentous algae) or very large and expansive (kelp-like or crustose algae). Algae of intermediate size (erect forms 1- to 10-cm tall) are eaten to a lesser extent, possibly because they are too large to be rasped from the substratum and too small for most herbivores to occupy. Herbivorous archaeogastropods (excluding limpets) and mesogastropods tend to eat filamentous and microscopic algal forms predominantly, whereas limpets and chitons feed on large, leathery and crustose algae. These dietary differences reflect functional differences in the feeding apparatus of these herbivore groups. Radulae of herbivorous mesogastropods function like rakes and can ingest larger, tougher algae than can radulae of nonlimpet archaeogastropods. The latter function more like brooms by sweeping the substratum broadly, but exerting little force. Limpets and chitons have superior excavating abilities because their radulae have: robust buccal muscles surrounding them, a reduced number of points of contact on the substratum, and minerally hardened teeth. The feeding apparatus of chitons is most versatile since it possesses features found in all herbivorous gastropod functional groups, and thus, it can sweep and excavate simultaneously. This functional group approach suggests various hypotheses concerning algal community structure, plant/herbivore and herbivore/herbivore interactions, the relative importance of structural defenses in algae, and the evolution of specialized grazers. These hypotheses are examined using data from published accounts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409596
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between effects of environmental temperature and seston on growth and mortality of Mytilus edulis in a temperate northern estuary (1980)
    Springer
    Marine biology 57 (1980), S. 147-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth and mortality of experimentally-rafted Mytilus edulis L. of known age at 7 locations in a northern estuary (Damariscotta River, Maine, USA) were related to environmental temperatures and to the presence or absence of various potential food sources. All particles were regarded as potential food substrates. Growth decreased appreciably at sites where water temperatures exceeded 20°C, but mussels survived a wide range of elevated temperature exposures, ranging from 0 to 149 degree-days in excess of 20°C. The maximum temperature was 25°C. Mortalities of mussels at all sites but did affect the extent of mortality, which increased abruptly in late summer, when water temperatures were declining. Differences in degree-days of exposure to elevated temperatures did not influence the timing of mortality, which occurred synchronously at all times, but did affect the extent of mortality, which ranged from 35 to 90%. The period of high mortality was preceded by a rapid decline in phytoplankton standing crop. Total particle concentrations decreased during this period, but the shift toward larger particles suggests that there was little, if any, decrease in total volume of material in the seston, at least through August. It is suggested that living phytoplankton provided the critical energy source for these mussels, and that the mortalities were caused by rapidly reduced ration at a time of metabolic stress. The role of temperature and the possible role of the gametogenic cycle are discussed. In addition, the feeding efficiency of M. edulis may have decreased during this period due to an increase in mean particle diameter. Chlorophyll was divided into a nannoplankton fraction (〈-20 μm) and a larger fraction (〉20 μm). A smaller size criterion for this distinction is proposed for future studies. The importance of nannoplankton to the primary production of this estuary and the role of nannoplankton and nannoplankton-sized particles in the diet of mussels in nature are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390733
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal Variation in the Structure of a Marine Benthic Microbial Community (1998)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 36 (1998), S. 23-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The patterns of seasonal variation in the structure of a marine benthic microbial community were examined using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Principal component analysis of PLFA profiles indicated a strong seasonal pattern dominated the variance within the data set. Three functional groups of microorganisms (phototrophic microeukaryotes, and two groups of anaerobic bacteria) were disproportionately abundant in the communities that mapped to either extreme of the first principle component. Phototrophic microeukaryotes were most abundant and exhibited the greatest relative abundance during periods of cold water. In contrast, the two functional groups of anaerobic bacteria showed the greatest relative abundance during times of warm water. Differential responses by these groups, and macrofaunal deposit feeders, to light intensity and water temperature were offered as the proximal causes of the observed patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900089
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The population structure of the brittle star Ophiura sarsi Lutken in the Gulf of Maine and its trophic relationship to American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides Fabricius)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 179 (1994), S. 207-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-0981
    Keywords: Hippoglossoides platessoides ; Ophiura sarsi ; Population structure ; Trophic relationship
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(94)90115-5
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preface (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 223 (1991), S. vii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00047621
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  • 9
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    Trawling exerts big impacts on small beasts (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-28
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Trawls and meiofauna [Environmental Sciences] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-19
    Description: Throughout the world, there is concern about the impact of trawling on deep-sea bottom communities (1). For the most part, this concern has been directed toward deep-sea coral reefs and sponge beds (2, 3). Reef structures, formed by the scleractinian coral, Lophelia pertusa, for example, can be up to 8,000...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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    PAPER CURRENT
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