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  • 1
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    Water vapor observation in the lower atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: The data set provides 3 years of almost continuous observation of water vapor in the air at 3 levels in the lowest 42 m above Dome C on the high antarctic plateau, 123° 21' E, 75° 06' S, 3233 m above sea level. Each data is an average over the previous ½ hour. The water vapor content is measured in a heated air flow to avoid that supersaturated air at ambient temperature deposits excess moisture (above 100% with respect to ice) before reaching the humidity sensor. In fact, many reports correspond to significant supersaturation (see references provided). HMP155 thermohygrometers are used, which for the hygrometer natively report relative humidity with respect to liquid water even below 0°C. This is the variable provided in the data set, along with temperature in the heated air flow and ambient temperature. There are several conversion formulae in the literature to convert to e.g. partial pressure and relative humidity with respect to ice. As there is no clear consensus on which should be preferred in the range of temperatures at Dome C, the user is left to carry our her/his own conversions.
    Keywords: Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; CALVA; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; East Antarctic plateau; Water vapor observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C; Weather station/meteorological observation; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Water vapor observation at 3 m height above ground at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2018-2020) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: The data set provides 3 years of almost continuous observation of water vapor in the air at 3m height on the high antarctic plateau, 123° 21' E, 75° 06' S, 3233 m above sea level. Each data is an average over the previous ½ hour. The water vapor content is measured in a heated air flow to avoid that supersaturated air at ambient temperature deposits excess moisture (above 100% with respect to ice) before reaching the humidity sensor. In fact, many reports correspond to significant supersaturation (see references provided). HMP155 thermohygrometers are used, which for the hygrometer natively report relative humidity with respect to liquid water even below 0°C. This is the variable provided in the data set, along with temperature in the heated air flow and ambient temperature. There are several conversion formulae in the literature to convert to e.g. partial pressure and relative humidity with respect to ice. As there is no clear consensus on which should be preferred in the range of temperatures at Dome C, the user is left to carry our her/his own conversions.
    Keywords: Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; CALVA; Date/Time local; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; East Antarctic plateau; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; Humidity-Temperature probe, Vaisala, HMP155; Temperature, air; Water vapor observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C; Weather station/meteorological observation; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 202740 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Unknown
    Water vapor observation at 42 m height above ground at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2018-2020) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: The data set provides 3 years of almost continuous observation of water vapor in the air at 42m height on the high antarctic plateau, 123° 21' E, 75° 06' S, 3233 m above sea level. Each data is an average over the previous ½ hour. The water vapor content is measured in a heated air flow to avoid that supersaturated air at ambient temperature deposits excess moisture (above 100% with respect to ice) before reaching the humidity sensor. In fact, many reports correspond to significant supersaturation (see references provided). HMP155 thermohygrometers are used, which for the hygrometer natively report relative humidity with respect to liquid water even below 0°C. This is the variable provided in the data set, along with temperature in the heated air flow and ambient temperature. There are several conversion formulae in the literature to convert to e.g. partial pressure and relative humidity with respect to ice. As there is no clear consensus on which should be preferred in the range of temperatures at Dome C, the user is left to carry our her/his own conversions.
    Keywords: Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; CALVA; Date/Time local; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; East Antarctic plateau; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; Humidity-Temperature probe, Vaisala, HMP155; Temperature, air; Water vapor observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C; Weather station/meteorological observation; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 202740 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Water vapor observation at 18 m height above ground at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2018-2020) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: The data set provides 3 years of almost continuous observation of water vapor in the air at 18m height on the high antarctic plateau, 123° 21' E, 75° 06' S, 3233 m above sea level. Each data is an average over the previous ½ hour. The water vapor content is measured in a heated air flow to avoid that supersaturated air at ambient temperature deposits excess moisture (above 100% with respect to ice) before reaching the humidity sensor. In fact, many reports correspond to significant supersaturation (see references provided). HMP155 thermohygrometers are used, which for the hygrometer natively report relative humidity with respect to liquid water even below 0°C. This is the variable provided in the data set, along with temperature in the heated air flow and ambient temperature. There are several conversion formulae in the literature to convert to e.g. partial pressure and relative humidity with respect to ice. As there is no clear consensus on which should be preferred in the range of temperatures at Dome C, the user is left to carry our her/his own conversions.
    Keywords: Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; CALVA; Date/Time local; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; East Antarctic plateau; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; Humidity-Temperature probe, Vaisala, HMP155; Temperature, air; Water vapor observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C; Weather station/meteorological observation; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 202740 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Ten years of wind speed observation on a 45-m tower at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: Long-term, continuous in situ observations of the near-surface atmospheric boundary layer are critical for many weather and climate applications. Although there is a proliferation of surface stations globally, especially in and around populous areas, there are notably fewer tall meteorological towers with multiple instrumented levels. This is particularly true in remote and extreme environments such as the Eastern Antarctic plateau. In the article, we present and analyze 10 years (2010-2019) of data from 6 levels of meteorological instrumentation mounted on a 45-m tower located at Dome C, East Antarctica near the Concordia research station, producing a unique climatology of the near-surface environment. Large seasonal differences are evident in the monthly mean temperature and wind data, depending on the presence or absence of solar surface forcing. Strong vertical temperature gradients (inversions) frequently develop in calm, winter conditions, while vertical convective mixing occurs in the summer leading to near-uniform temperatures along the tower. Seasonal variation in wind speed is much less notable at this location than the temperature variation as the winds are less influenced by the solar cycle; there are no katabatic winds as Dome C is quite flat. Harmonic analysis confirms that most of the energy in the power spectrum is at diurnal, annual and semi-annual scales. Analysis of observational uncertainty and comparison to reanalysis data from ERA-5 indicate that wind speed is particularly difficult to measure at this location.
    Keywords: Antarctic Plateau; Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; boundary layer; CALVA; Date/Time local; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; meteorology; Profile; Temperature; Tower; Weather station/meteorological observation; wind; Wind monitor, R.M. Young, model 05103; Wind speed; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 911449 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Ten years of shielded ventilated atmospheric temperature observation on a 45-m tower at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: Long-term, continuous in situ observations of the near-surface atmospheric boundary layer are critical for many weather and climate applications. Although there is a proliferation of surface stations globally, especially in and around populous areas, there are notably fewer tall meteorological towers with multiple instrumented levels. This is particularly true in remote and extreme environments such as the Eastern Antarctic plateau. In the article, we present and analyze 10 years (2010-2019) of data from 6 levels of meteorological instrumentation mounted on a 45-m tower located at Dome C, East Antarctica near the Concordia research station, producing a unique climatology of the near-surface environment. Large seasonal differences are evident in the monthly mean temperature and wind data, depending on the presence or absence of solar surface forcing. Strong vertical temperature gradients (inversions) frequently develop in calm, winter conditions, while vertical convective mixing occurs in the summer leading to near-uniform temperatures along the tower. Seasonal variation in wind speed is much less notable at this location than the temperature variation as the winds are less influenced by the solar cycle; there are no katabatic winds as Dome C is quite flat. Harmonic analysis confirms that most of the energy in the power spectrum is at diurnal, annual and semi-annual scales. Analysis of observational uncertainty and comparison to reanalysis data from ERA-5 indicate that wind speed is particularly difficult to measure at this location.
    Keywords: Antarctic Plateau; Antartic field data for CALibration and VAlidation of meteorological and climate models and satellite retrievals, Antarctic Coast to Dome C; boundary layer; CALVA; Date/Time local; DOME_C_CALVA; Dome C, Antarctica; meteorology; Profile; Temperature; Temperature, air; Thermometer/Hygrometer, Vaisala, HMP155, PT100 sensor; Tower; Weather station/meteorological observation; wind; WST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1199618 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Early predictors of seasonal Arctic sea-ice volume loss: the impact of spring and early-summer cloud radiative conditions (2020)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-27
    Description: Clouds play an important role in the Arctic surface radiative budget, impacting the seasonal evolution of Arctic sea-ice cover. We explore the large-scale impacts of springtime and early summer (March through July) cloud and radiative fluxes on sea ice by comparing these fluxes to seasonal ice volume losses over the central Arctic basin, calculated for available observational years 2004–2007 (ICESat) and 2011–2017 (CryoSat-2). We also supplement observation data with sea-ice volume computed from the Pan-Arctic Ice–Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) during summer months. We find that the volume of sea ice lost over the melt season is most closely related to observed downwelling longwave radiation in March and early summer (June and July) longwave cloud radiative forcing, which together explain a large fraction of interannual variability in seasonal sea-ice volume loss (R2 = 0.71, p = 0.007). We show that downwelling longwave fluxes likely impact the timing of melt onset near the sea-ice edge, and can limit the magnitude of ice thickening from March to April. Radiative fluxes in June and July are likely critical to seasonal volume loss because modeled data show the greatest ice volume reductions occur during these months.
    Print ISSN: 0260-3055
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5644
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Glaciological Society.
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  • 8
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    Opinion: The time has come for offshore wind power in the United States (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-29
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    A Characterization of the Delaware Sea Breeze Using Observations and Modeling (2018)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-01
    Description: Sea-breeze circulations are a prominent source of diurnal wind variability along coastlines throughout the world. For Delaware, the sea breeze is the largest source of variability in the coastal wind field. We developed a detailed, year-round sea-breeze climatology for the Delaware coastline using 9 years of meteorological station data and an objective sea-breeze detection algorithm. Sea-breeze fronts were identified and characterized by timing, speed, and duration as well as the resulting temperature and humidity changes. The observed temperature change associated with the Delaware sea-breeze front varied spatially, as well as with season, time of day, location, and developmental stage of the front. The observed sea breeze also had some unique features because of the location of southern Delaware on the Delmarva Peninsula and the complicated shape of the local coastline. Details of the summertime sea breeze were further explored using simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model for June–August of 2000–09. Model-simulated sea-breeze characteristics were then compared with the observed sea-breeze climatology whenever possible. Results suggest that the mesoscale atmospheric model is capable of simulating the complex, observed spatial and temporal characteristics of the Delaware Sea breeze. However, the sea breeze in the model was weaker than that observed and tended to dissipate earlier in the afternoon, making it a challenging phenomenon to detect and characterize in the model. Improved detection and simulation of the sea-breeze fronts will increase our understanding of the impact this regional phenomenal has on the local climate and on the populations living by the coast.
    Print ISSN: 1558-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-8432
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 10
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    Improving the Mapping and Prediction of Offshore Wind Resources (IMPOWR): Experimental Overview and First Results (2016)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-01
    Description: The wind resource offshore of the East Coast of the United States is well known for its potential to provide abundant, clean, renewable, and domestic electricity. However, limited observations from this region are recorded at heights above the water that penetrate significantly into the planetary boundary layer (PBL). As a result, mesoscale models have been used to characterize the offshore wind resource in this region but have not been evaluated fully within the PBL due to the scarcity of observations. This paper describes the setup and some early results from the Improving the Mapping and Prediction of Offshore Wind Resources (IMPOWR) field study conducted in the Nantucket Sound area in 2013/14. The IMPOWR campaign provides a rich dataset of observations within the PBL from a variety of sources: high-frequency Long-EZ aircraft, a multilevel atmospheric and oceanic tower in Nantucket Sound, and lidars on the south shore of eastern Long Island and Block Island. In addition to new data for model validation and wind resource assessment, the IMPOWR field campaign provides new insights on meteorological features important for wind power development, such as the New York Bight jet and shallow marine layer.
    Print ISSN: 0003-0007
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0477
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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