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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Origins of Rectification: Inner–Party Purges and Education before Liberation (1976)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 65 (1976), S. 15-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Rectification as an approach to inner–Party discipline emphasizes persuasive methods and education, but it does not eschew coercive measures including the purge. As students of Chinese politics are well aware, this form of coercive persuasion was comprehensively developed in the early 1940s as Mao Tse–tung consolidated his leadership, rectification theories were expounded, and the first rectification campaign of 1942–44 was carried out. Official histories and much scholarly analysis identify rectification with Mao while asserting that other leaders advocated sharply contrasting approaches. Thus CCP leaders before 1935 purportedly pushed coercive disciplinary methods – dubbed “ruthless struggles and merciless blows “ – while Mao attempted to foster systematic education. Mao's undoubted contributions to rectifi cation notwithstanding, the following analysis argues that this view both overstates actual differences and overlooks the developing nature of Mao's position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000031751
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Evolution of Leadership Purges in Communist China (1970)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 41 (1970), S. 122-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000034780
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Goodman, David S. G.: Centre and Province in the People's Republic of China: Sichuan and Guizhou, 1955–1965 : Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1986 (1988)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 115 (1988), S. 475-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000027557
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Assignment of University Graduates in China, 1974 (1975)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 62 (1975), S. 308-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In my article, “Before and after the Cultural Revolution” (Report from China, The China Quarterly, No. 58), I reported that while “most” graduates of Chinese universities were slated to return to their original production units some received assignments from the The Assignment of University Graduates in China, 1974 state. At the time (September–October 1973) Chinese officials were unable to provide a breakdown of the two types ostensibly because no university classes had yet graduated. In November 1974, a discussion with members of a delegation from the Academia Sinica to Australia provided important new information on this question. Speaking of Peking University which graduated its first post-Cultural Revolution class in January 1974, delegation members did not give a precise or even rough statistical breakdown but did say “most” had returned to their original posts or original localities – a significantly more elastic formulation than that used in 1973. Moreover, they further stated that students selected from factories mostly returned to those factories while students who had been educated youth sent to the countryside were mostly allocated by the central planning agency to various departments. The body doing the actual allocation is the Office for Science and Education under the State Planning Commission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000007062
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xiguang, Yang; McFadden, Susan: Captive Spirits: Prisoners of the Cultural Revolution : Oxford, Hong Kong and New York, Oxford University Press, 1997 (1999)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 158 (1999), S. 519-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000006111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seeking the Historical Mao (1996)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 145 (1996), S. 176-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Private Life of Chairman Mao: The Inside Story of the Man Who Made Modern China.By Li ZHISUI. Written with the editorial assistance of ANNE F. THURSTON. Translated by TAI HUNGCHAO. Foreword by ANDREW J. NATHAN. [London: Chatto Windus, 1994. xxx+ 682 pp. 20.00. ISBN 0–7011–4018–6.]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000044180
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Uses and Limits of Elite Studies: The Chinese Case (1974)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 58 (1974), S. 363-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000011358
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salisbury, Harrison E.: The New Emperors: China in the Era of Mao and Deng : Boston, Little, Brown and Company, 1992 (1994)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 137 (1994), S. 248-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000034330
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Before and After The Cultural Revolution (1974)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 58 (1974), S. 332-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: It comes as no surprise to current visitors to China that their hosts place great emphasis on the accomplishments of the Cultural Revolution. While production increases and improvements in living conditions are repeatedly cited, the basic change is spiritual – before the Cultural Revolution, elitist and selfish attitudes were allegedly widespread; since the Revolution, a new commitment to the common good by cadres and masses alike has purportedly enriched Chinese life. This preoccupation with the Cultural Revolution stems from more than a need to justify past upheavals, it reflects an ongoing debate over the realization of goals sanctified by that movement. The twin efforts of rebuilding the system and institutionalizing Cultural Revolution reforms have apparently caused deep misgivings on the part of some leaders who see a thinly disguised effort to “restore the old.” Thus the question of how China has changed since 1965 is of current policy relevance as well as intrinsic scholarly interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000011322
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Purge of Provincial Leaders 1957–1958 (1966)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 27 (1966), S. 14-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In December 1957, after the rectification-turned-anti-rightist campaign, an eleven-month series of provincial purges began. They affected twelve Chinese provinces and autonomous regions, in roughly chrono-logical order: Chekiang, Anhwei, Kansu, Tsinghai, Shantung, Hopei, Yunnan, Kwangtung, Sinkiang, Kwangsi, Honan, Liaoning and Shantung, again. With the exception of the Liaoning and second Shantung purges, all of these cases were reviewed at the second session of the Eighth Party Congress in May, 1958. The victims of the purges included four alternate members of the Central Committee, one provincial first secretary, eighteen members of standing committees of provincial committees, five secretaries of provincial committee secretariats, ten members of these secretariats, four governors, and ten vice-governors as well as approximately twenty-five other officials holding Party or government positions on the provincial level. In brief, this was no minor matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000021676
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