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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein SAA half-lives during acute inflammation and amyloidogenesis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Lipids and Lipid Metabolism 1043 (1990), S. 295-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2760
    Keywords: Amyloid protein ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoprotein SAA ; HDL ; Inflammation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0005-2760(90)90030-2
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Cross-domain inhibition of TACE ectodomain (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-17
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Full moment tensors for small events (Mw 〈 3) at Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-01
    Description: We present a catalogue of full seismic moment tensors for 63 events from Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia. The events were recorded during 2011–2012 in the PLUTONS seismic array of 24 broad-band stations. Most events had magnitudes between 0.5 and 2.0 and did not generate discernible surface waves; the largest event was M w 2.8. For each event we computed the misfit between observed and synthetic waveforms, and we used first-motion polarity measurements to reduce the number of possible solutions. Each moment tensor solution was obtained using a grid search over the 6-D space of moment tensors. For each event, we show the misfit function in eigenvalue space, represented by a lune. We identify three subsets of the catalogue: (1) six isotropic events, (2) five tensional crack events, and (3) a swarm of 14 events southeast of the volcanic centre that appear to be double couples. The occurrence of positively isotropic events is consistent with other published results from volcanic and geothermal regions. Several of these previous results, as well as our results, cannot be interpreted within the context of either an oblique opening crack or a crack-plus-double-couple model. Proper characterization of uncertainties for full moment tensors is critical for distinguishing among physical models of source processes.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 4
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    A confidence parameter for seismic moment tensors (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-25
    Description: Given a moment tensor m inferred from seismic data for an earthquake, we define ${\scr P}(V)$ to be the probability that the true moment tensor for the earthquake lies in the neighbourhood of m that has fractional volume V . The average value of ${\scr P}(V)$ is then a measure of our confidence in  m . The calculation of ${\scr P}(V)$ requires knowing both the probability $\skew4\hat{P}(\omega )$ and the fractional volume $\skew4\hat{V}(\omega )$ of the set of moment tensors within a given angular radius of  m . We explain how to construct $\skew4\hat{P}(\omega )$ from a misfit function derived from seismic data, and we show how to calculate $\skew4\hat{V}(\omega )$ , which depends on the set $\mathbb {M}$ of moment tensors under consideration. The two most important instances of $\mathbb {M}$ are where $\mathbb {M}$ is the set of all moment tensors of fixed norm, and where $\mathbb {M}$ is the set of all double couples of fixed norm.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 5
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    Bear Encounters with Seismic Stations in Alaska and Northwestern Canada (2019)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉A typical seismic experiment involves installing 10–50 seismometers for 2–3 yr to record distant and local earthquakes, along with Earth’s ambient noise wavefield. The choice of the region is governed by scientific questions that may be addressed with newly recorded seismic data. In most experiments, not all stations record data for the full expected duration. Data loss may arise from defective equipment, improperly installed equipment, vandalism or theft, inadequate power sources, environmental disruptions (e.g., snow covering solar panels and causing power outage), and many other reasons. In remote regions of Alaska and northwestern Canada, bears are a particular threat to seismic stations. Here, we document three recent projects (Southern Alaska Lithosphere and Mantle Observation Network, Fault Locations and Alaska Tectonics from Seismicity, and Mackenzie Mountains EarthScope Project) in which bears were regular visitors to remote seismic stations. For these projects, there were documented bear encounters at 56 out of 88 remote stations and 6 out of 85 nonremote stations. Considering bear‐disrupted sites—such as dug‐up cables or outages—there were 29 cases at remote stations and one case at nonremote stations. We also compile bear encounters with permanent stations within the Alaska Seismic Network, as well as stations of the Alaska Transportable Array. For these two networks, the stations are designed with fiberglass huts that house and protect equipment. Data losses at these networks because of bears are minor (〈5%), though evidence suggests they are regularly visited by bears, and data disruptions are exclusively at remote stations. The primary goal of this study is to formally document the impacts of bears on seismic stations in Alaska and northwestern Canada. We propose that the threat of damage from bears to a station increases with the remoteness of the site and the density of bears, and it decreases with the strength and security of materials used. We suggest that low‐power electric fences be considered for seismic stations—especially for temporary experiments—to protect the equipment and to protect the bears. With the goal of 100% data returns, future seismic experiments in remote regions of bear country should carefully consider the impacts of bears.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 6
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    Full Moment Tensor Analysis of Nuclear Explosions in North Korea (2018)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉A seismic moment tensor is a 3×3 symmetric matrix that characterizes the far‐field radiation from a seismic source such as an earthquake or an explosion. We estimate full (unconstrained) moment tensors and their uncertainties for seven events at the North Korea nuclear test site. Six of the events were declared nuclear tests, and the remaining one, which we interpret as a cavity collapse, was an event that occurred eight minutes after the 2017 declared test. We also analyze two earthquake events that occurred to the south of the site. For each of the nine events, we perform a grid search over the 6D space of moment tensors, generating synthetic waveforms at each moment tensor grid point and then minimizing a misfit function between the observed and synthetic waveforms. We characterize the uncertainty of each inferred moment tensor in three ways: We use the variation in waveform misfit on the eigenvalue lune, we use a probability density function for moment tensor source types, and we use a confidence curve. We find that the source types (eigenvalue triples) for the nine events separate into three distinct groups, with one group for the nuclear tests, one group for the two earthquakes, and one group just for the collapse. We find that each of the six moment tensors for the declared tests is the sum of a double couple and a crack tensor, with the crack plane being nearly horizontal.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 7
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    Cross-domain inhibition of TACE ectodomain [Biochemistry] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-06
    Description: Proteolytic release from the cell surface is an essential activation event for many growth factors and cytokines. TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) is a membrane-bound metalloprotease responsible for solubilizing many pathologically significant membrane substrates and is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer and arthritis. Prior attempts to antagonize cell-surface TACE activity have focused on small-molecule inhibition of the metalloprotease active site. Given the highly conserved nature of metalloprotease active sites, this paradigm has failed to produce a truly specific TACE inhibitor and continues to obstruct the clinical investigation of TACE activity. We report the bespoke development of a specific TACE inhibitory human antibody using “two-step” phage display. This approach combines calculated selection conditions with antibody variable-domain exchange to direct individual antibody variable domains to desired epitopes. The resulting “cross-domain” human antibody is a previously undescribed selective TACE antagonist and provides a unique alternative to small-molecule metalloprotease inhibition.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 8
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    Rapid Estimation of Damage to Tall Buildings Using Near Real-Time Earthquake and Archived Structural Simulations (2012)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-01
    Description: This article outlines a new approach to rapidly estimate the damage to tall buildings immediately following a large earthquake. The preevent groundwork involves the creation of a database of structural responses to a suite of idealized ground-motion waveforms. The postevent action involves (1) rapid generation of an earthquake source model, (2) near real-time simulation of the earthquake using a regional spectral-element model of the earth and computing synthetic seismograms at tall building sites, and (3) estimation of tall building response (and damage) by determining the best-fitting idealized waveforms to the synthetically generated ground motion at the site and directly extracting structural response metrics from the database. Here, ground-velocity waveforms are parameterized using sawtoothlike wave trains with a characteristic period ( T ), amplitude (peak ground velocity, PGV ), and duration (number of cycles, N ). The proof-of-concept is established using the case study of one tall building model. Nonlinear analyses are performed on the model subjected to the idealized wave trains, with T varying from 0.5 s to 6.0 s, PGV varying from 0.125 m/s, and N varying from 1 to 5. Databases of peak transient and residual interstory drift ratios (IDR), and permanent roof drift are created. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the rapid response approach by applying it to synthetic waveforms from a simulated 1857-like magnitude 7.9 San Andreas earthquake. The peak IDR, a key measure of structural performance, is predicted well enough for emergency response decision making.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 9
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    The 1904 Ms 7.3 Earthquake in Central Alaska (2017)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-31
    Description: On 27 August 1904, seismic stations from around the globe recorded an M 〉7 earthquake originating from central Alaska. Very little was known about this earthquake. One felt report from Rampart, Alaska, had been attributed to the notes of Harry Fielding Reid, yet its original source was unknown. Here, we present five felt reports for the 1904 earthquake that show evidence of felt shaking across most of central Alaska. Using the 1904 arrival-time data, we estimate an epicentral location near Lake Minchumina at the northeastern extent of the Iditarod–Nixon fault. Our preferred fault for the 1904 earthquake is the right-lateral Iditarod–Nixon fault, which, though relatively seismically quiet, generated an M  6.2 earthquake in 1935. Paleoseismic investigations are needed to search for evidence of fault activity, including the 1904 earthquake rupture, in the tectonically complex region of the 1904 earthquake. Electronic Supplement: Tables of arrival time, figures of station registers, visualization of NonLinLoc (NLL) solution for the 1904 Alaska earthquake, distribution of depths of the posterior probability for the 1904 and 1935 events, epicenter and samples of the posterior probability distribution for the 1904 and 1935 earthquakes, map of southward shift of epicenters, and estimated epicenters for the 3 February 2000 Kaltag earthquake.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 10
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    A one-dimensional seismic model for Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia, and its impact on full moment tensor inversions (2017)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-29
    Description: Using receiver functions, Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion determined from ambient noise and teleseismic earthquakes, and Rayleigh wave horizontal to vertical ground motion amplitude ratios from earthquakes observed across the PLUTONS seismic array, we construct a one-dimensional (1-D) S-wave velocity (Vs) seismic model with uncertainties for Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia, located in the central Andes and overlying the eastward-subducting Nazca plate. We find a fast upper crustal lid placed upon a low-velocity zone (LVZ) in the mid-crust. By incorporating all three types of measurements with complimentary sensitivity, we also explore the average density and Vp/Vs (ratio of P-wave to S-wave velocity) structures beneath the young silicic volcanic field. We observe slightly higher Vp/Vs and a decrease in density near the LVZ, which implies a dacitic source of the partially molten magma body. We exploit the impact of the 1-D model on full moment tensor inversion for the two largest local earthquakes recorded (both magnitude ~3), demonstrating that the 1-D model influences the waveform fits and the estimated source type for the full moment tensor. Our 1-D model can serve as a robust starting point for future efforts to determine a three-dimensional velocity model for Uturuncu volcano.
    Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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