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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dietary carbohydrate utilization in cod (Gadus morhua): metabolic responses to feeding and fasting (1993)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 10 (1993), S. 455-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: carbohydrate nutrition ; cod ; growth ; plasma glucose ; glucagon ; insulin ; glucagon-like peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Moist diets with increasing amounts of carbohydrate (0.5%, 10% and 21% on a dry weight basis) were each fed to duplicate groups of cod (initial weight 370 g) for 8 weeks, after which all groups were fasted for 4 weeks. Protein energy was high and accounted for more than 70% of the gross energy content in all feeds, and the diets were maintained isocaloric by substituting lipid energy for carbohydrate energy. No indigestible binder was added. Excellent growth and feed conversion were obtained in all groups. After 4 weeks of fasting, fish previously fed diets with either 10% or 21% carbohydrate showed significantly higher weight loss than fish fed the diet without carbohydrate. Liver glycogen reached 10% of liver wet weight in fish fed diets containing 10% or 21% carbohydrate and 5% in fish receiving 0.5% carbohydrate after 8 weeks. Following 4 weeks of fasting, liver glycogen was reduced to similar levels in all fish. Plasma glucose levels 4 h after feeding were higher in fish fed the diets with 10% or 21% carbohydrate and plasma free amino acid levels (FAA) were lower, than in fish fed the diet containing 0.5% carbohydrate. Blood lactate concentrations were unaffected during the first 24 h after feeding. After 4 weeks of food deprivation, the levels were significantly reduced only in the 21% carbohydrate group. A link between glucagon and protein metabolism is suggested because plasma glucagon concentration followed the same pattern as the concentrations of plasma FAA throughout the study. Insulin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP) showed a covariation throughout the experiment. Reduced plasma insulin levels were seen after fasting concomitant with reduction in the levels of FAA and glucose. It is suggested that insulin secretion in cod is affected both by plasma FAA and glucose and that cod meets food deprivation by slowing down metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004600
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma levels of insulin, glucagon and glucagon-like peptide in salmonids of different weights (1991)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 9 (1991), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: salmonids ; body weight ; radioimmunoassays ; insulin ; glucagon ; glucagon-like peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Plasma levels of insulin in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss, Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar, and Pacific coho salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutch and plasma circulating levels of glucagon and glucagon-like peptide, in rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon, were measured by homologous radioimmunoassays. Hormonal levels were compared against the average body weight of the same group of fish. Plasma insulin levels were significantly correlated (r=0.56, 0.46 and 0.42 respectively) with body weight in all three salmonid species. Moreover, rainbow trout from fast-growing families had significantly higher (p〈0.005) plasma insulin levels than did fish from slow-growing families. Plasma titres of glucagon and glucagon-like peptide were always lower than insulin titres and did not correlate with body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265143
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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