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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of C1-C4 alkanes by ion mobility spectrometry (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 63 (1991), S. 2295-2300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00020a019
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry (IMS/MS) study of the site of protonation in anilines (1990)
    Springer
    Structural chemistry 1 (1990), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9001
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and IMS/MS techniques were used to differentiate between nitrogenprotonated and carbon-protonated anilines, both of which coexist under the conditions of the IMS. Analysis of the results led to the conclusion that the former species had lower mobilities than the latter. This was attributed mainly to charge delocalization in the ring-protonated species, which results in a weaker interaction with the drift gas molecules. Furthermore,meta-alkyl substitution enhanced ring protonation, while in 2-chloroaniline the nitrogenprotonated species was predominant, as expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00674262
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Determination of C1-C4 alkanes by ion mobility spectrometry (1991)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-10-15
    Print ISSN: 0003-2700
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6882
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Analysis of Ultra-Pure Gases by Ion Mobility Spectrometry (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Work has continued with the evaluation of the Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) for the analysis of gases having low parts-per-billion (10(exp -9)) water concentration. A modified PCP, inc. MMS-160 Mobility Mass Spectrometer System was used for the analysis of ultra-pure argon and nitrogen. The MMS-160 system permits the mass-identification of unique reactant and product ions observed in the reduced-water host gases. When the water is removed to low ppb levels, higher energy reactant ions are observed. In nitrogen, distinct odd- and even-numbered nitrogen cluster ion mobility peaks are observed, as well as adduct ion peaks from the trace contaminants in the gas. Argon also produces a cluster ion mobility peak and adduct ion peaks from trace components in the gas. Levels of contaminants in these ultra-pure gases can be determined from the ion mobility spectra. A calibrated source was used to provide variable known quantities of water to the pure gas supply of the IMS.
    Keywords: Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
    Type: Fourth International Workshop on Ion Mobility Spectrometry: Proceedings of an International Speciality Workshop
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Determination of C1-C4 alkanes by ion mobility spectrometry (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Results are presented from a comparison between two ion-mobility-spectrometer (IMS) methods of sample ionisation: a conventional IMS with very dry helium and an IMS using metastable helium ionization. As one of the tests, a mixture of several hydrocarbons expected to be the components of Titan's atmosphere (made of ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propane, n-butane, isobutane, and propyne in concentrations from 20 to 200 ppm) was analyzed by both methods. Results from the dry-He IMS showed that the dry-helium approach was more adequate for the analysis of these gases than the metastable-helium IMS approach. In the metastable-He approach, in which several versions of He ionization reaction were tested, the spectra produced were not as clear as the conventional IMS spectra, due to the fact that the strong electric field introduced in the reaction region to generate metastable helium affected the gating, resolution, and collection of the ions.
    Keywords: CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
    Type: Analytical Chemistry (ISSN 0003-2700); 63; 20, O
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    A digital boxcar integrator for IMS spectra (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: When trying to detect or quantify a signal at or near the limit of detectability, it is invariably embeded in the noise. This statement is true for nearly all detectors of any physical phenomena and the limit of detectability, hopefully, occurs at very low signal-to-noise levels. This is particularly true of IMS (Ion Mobility Spectrometers) spectra due to the low vapor pressure of several chemical compounds of great interest and the small currents associated with the ionic detection process. Gated Integrators and Boxcar Integrators or Averagers are designed to recover fast, repetitive analog signals. In a typical application, a time 'Gate' or 'Window' is generated, characterized by a set delay from a trigger or gate pulse and a certain width. A Gated Integrator amplifies and integrates the signal that is present during the time the gate is open, ignoring noise and interference that may be present at other times. Boxcar Integration refers to the practice of averaging the output of the Gated Integrator over many sweeps of the detector. Since any signal present during the gate will add linearly, while noise will add in a 'random walk' fashion as the square root of the number of sweeps, averaging N sweeps will improve the 'Signal-to-Noise Ratio' by a factor of the square root of N.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center, Third International Workshop on Ion Mobility Spectrometry; p 281-296
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Analytical/Operational Requirements for the In Situ Chemical Analysis of Cometary and Planetary Environments Using GC-IMS (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Exobiology flight experiments require highly sensitive instrumentation for the in situ analysis of the volatile chemical species that occur in the atmospheres and surfaces of various bodies within the solar system. The complex mixtures encountered place a heavy burden on the analytical instrumentation to detect and identify all species present. The minimal resources available onboard for such missions mandate that the instruments provide maximum analytical capabilities with minimal requirements of volume, weight and consumables. The miniCIDEX instrument was developed for the chemical analysis of a cemetery environment. It combined a Gas Chromatograph (GC) with a helium based Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) to fulfill the analytical requirements of a cemetery exobiology mission: universal response; ppb sensitivity; low mass, volume and consumable MiniCIDEX is now a candidate for the chemical analysis instrument of a Titan Aero-rover Mission. The complexity of the analyses will be similar to the comet application with a heavier emphasis on organic molecules. Because the Titan Aero-Rover will be a balloon powered rover, much more attention is placed on the total mass of the instrument package. The GC will likely be a Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) design, smaller than the initial miniCIDEX GC by a factor of ten (with a similar reduction in consumable use). Similar miniaturization of the helium-based IMS will be necessary while maintaining the analytical capabilities. The two mission applications, the analytical requirements, and the evolution of the IMS design to accommodate these requirements will be presented.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: 11th International Conference on Ion Mobility Spectrometry; San Antonio, TX; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    The Hummingbird GC-IMS: In Situ Analysis of a Cometary Nucleus (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Comets are of enormous scientific interest for many reasons. They are primitive bodies that date back to the earliest stages of solar system formation and, because of their small size and because they have been stored in the outer reaches of the solar system, their pristine nature has been preserved better than for any other class of body. They are extremely rich in highly volatile elements, many in the form of ices, and are richer in organic matter than any other known solar system body. It is strongly suspected that in addition to their content of primordial solar nebular material, they also incorporate unprocessed matter from the interstellar medium. Impacts by comets occur onto all the planets and satellites, often with major consequences (e.g., the dinosaur extinction event at the KIT boundary), or sometimes just providing a spectacular cosmic event (e.g., the collision of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter). A mission to analyze a cometary nucleus must be capable of detecting and identifying over 30 molecular species among several different chemical groups. The Hummingbird Mission will rendezvous with, orbit, characterize, and make multiple descents to the nucleus of a comet. Hummingbird will employ a Gas Chromatograph - Ion Mobility Spectrometer (GC-IMS) as part-of a suite of sophisticated instruments for a comprehensive in situ elemental, molecular, and isotopic analysis of the comet.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: 8th International Conference of On-Site Analysis; Jan 23, 2000 - Jan 26, 2000; Las Vegas, NV; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Miniature GC: Minicell ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) for astrobiology planetary missions (2006)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Astrobiology flight experiments require highly sensitive instrumentation for in situ analysis of volatile chemical species and minerals present in the atmospheres and surfaces of planets, moons, and asteroids. The complex mixtures encountered place a heavy burden on the analytical instrumentation to detect and identify all species present. The use of land rovers and balloon aero-rovers place additional emphasis on miniaturization of the analytical instrumentation. In addition, smaller instruments, using tiny amounts of consumables, allow the use of more instrumentation and/or longer mission life for stationary landers/laboratories. We describe here the development of a miniature GC - Minicell Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) under development through NASA's Astrobiology Science and Technology Instrument Development (ASTID) Program and NASA's Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Program.
    Keywords: Exobiology
    Type: American Chemical Society 231st National Meeting and Exposition; Mar 26, 2006 - Mar 30, 2006; Atlanta, GA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Titan Ice and Dust Experiment (TIDE): Detection and Analysis of Compounds of Interest to Astrobiology in the Lower Atmosphere and Surface of Titan (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: The Titan Orbiter Aerorover Mission (TOAM) is a proposed concept for the Solar System Exploration Visions Mission, Titan Explorer, a follow-on to the Cassini-Huygens mission. TOAM would use a Titan polar orbiter and a lighter-than-air aerorover to investigate the surface and atmosphere of Titan. Astrobiology issues will be addressed though TOAM investigations including, for example: Distribution and composition of organics (atmospheric, aerosol, surface); Organic chemical processes, their chemical context and energy sources; and Seasonal variations and interactions of the atmosphere and surface. The TIDE instrument will perform in-situ analyses to obtain comprehensive and sensitive molecular and elemental assays of volatile organics in the atmosphere, oceans and surface. TIDE chemical analyses are conducted by a Gas Chromatograph-Ion Mobility Spectrometer (GC-IMS). This TIDE GC-IMS was a component of the mini-Cometary Ice and Dust Experiment (mini-CIDEX) developed for the chemical analysis of a cometary environment. Both the GC and helium IMS of mini-CIDEX have been further developed to better meet the analytical and operational requirements of the TOAM. application. A Micro-ElectroMechanical System (MEMS) GC and Mini-Cell helium IMS are under development to replace their respective mini-CIDEX components, providing similar or advanced analytical capabilities.
    Keywords: Exobiology
    Type: Astrobiology Science Conference; Mar 28, 2004 - Apr 01, 2004; Moffett Field, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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